Abstract: Described are engineered strains of the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica capable of producing an oil comprising greater than 50 weight percent of eicosapentaenoic acid [“EPA”], an ?-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, measured as a weight percent of total fatty acids [“% TFAs”] and having a ratio of at least 3.1 of EPA % TFAs, to linoleic acid, measured as % TFAs. These strains over-express at least one ?9 elongase/?8 desaturase multizyme, in addition to other heterologous ?9 elongases, ?8 desaturases, ?5 desaturases, ?17 desaturases, ?12 desaturases, C16/18 elongases, and optionally over-express diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferases, malonyl CoA synthetases and/or acyl-CoA lysophospholipid acyltransferases. The expression of at least one peroxisome biogenesis factor protein is down-regulated. Methods for producing EPA within said host cells, oils obtained from the cells, and products therefrom are claimed.

Abstract: A stamp includes a metal supporting layer, a pattern forming layer and an adhesive layer. The metal supporting layer has a first thermal conductivity. The pattern forming layer is disposed on the metal supporting layer and has a surface with a molding pattern formed thereon. The adhesive layer is disposed between the metal supporting layer and the pattern forming layer to couple the pattern forming layer to the metal supporting layer, and has a second thermal conductivity lower than the first thermal conductivity. Thus, strength of the stamp may be improved, and deformation of the stamp during the process of manufacturing a light guide plate may be reduced or prevented.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anticoagulant and a composition for preventing thrombus formation, which contain poly-gamma-glutamic acid (PGA) as an active ingredient. The inventive PGA is a water-soluble, anionic, biodegradable and edible amino acid polymer material, which has an anticoagulant effect of preventing thrombi from being accumulated in blood vessels, shows an excellent sustained-release effect and is harmless to the human body. Thus, it is useful as a high-value-added anticoagulant and a food or beverage composition for preventing thrombus formation.

Abstract: Promoter regions associated with the Yarrowia lipolytica peroxisomal 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase (SPS19) gene are disclosed and have been found to be particularly effective for the expression of heterologous genes in yeast. These promoter regions will be useful for driving high-level expression of genes involved in the production of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids.

Abstract: Methods of increasing the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the total lipid fraction and in the oil fraction of PUFA-producing, oleaginous eukaryotes, accomplished by modifying the activity of peroxisome biogenesis factor (Pex) proteins. Disruptions of a chromosomal Pex3 gene, Pex10p gene or Pex16p gene in a PUFA-producing, oleaginous eukaryotic strain resulted in an increased amount of PUFAs, as a percent of total fatty acids and as a percent of dry cell weight, in the total lipid fraction and in the oil fraction of the strain, as compared to the parental strain whose native Pex protein was not disrupted.

Abstract: Methods of increasing the total lipid content in a eukaryotic cell, the total content of polyunsaturated fatty acids [“PUFAs”], and/or the ratio of desaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids by reducing the activity of the heterotrimeric SNF1 protein kinase are disclosed. Preferably, the chromosomal genes encoding the Snf1 ?-subunit, Gal83 ?-subunit or Snf4 ?-subunit of the SNF1 protein kinase, the upstream regulatory genes encoding Sak1, Hxk2, Glk1 or Reg1, or the downstream genes encoding Rme1, Cbr1 or Snf3 are manipulated in a PUFA-producing strain of the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica, resulting in increased total lipid content, as compared to the parent strain comprising the heterotrimeric SNF1 protein kinase not having reduced activity.

Abstract: Promoter regions associated with the Yarrowia lipolytica peroxisomal 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase (SPS19) gene are disclosed and have been found to be particularly effective for the expression of heterologous genes in yeast. These promoter regions will be useful for driving high-level expression of genes involved in the production of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids.

Abstract: Described are engineered strains of the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica capable of producing an oil comprising greater than 50 weight percent of eicosapentaenoic acid [“EPA”], an ?-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, measured as a weight percent of total fatty acids [“% TFAs”] and having a ratio of at least 3.1 of EPA % TFAs, to linoleic acid, measured as % TFAs. These strains over-express at least one ?9 elongase/?8 desaturase multizyme, in addition to other heterologous ?9 elongases, ?8 desaturases, ?5 desaturases, ?17 desaturases, ?12 desaturases, C16/18 elongases, and optionally over-express diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferases, malonyl CoA synthetases and/or acyl-CoA lysophospholipid acyltransferases. The strains possess at least one peroxisome biogenesis factor protein knockout. Methods for producing EPA within said host cells, oils obtained from the cells, and products therefrom are claimed.

Abstract: Transgenic oleaginous yeast having increased oil content comprising increased Yap1 transcription factor activity, wherein the increased oil content is compared to the oil content of a non-transgenic oleaginous yeast, are described herein. The increased Yap1 transcription factor activity results from overexpressing a Yap1 transcription factor, by increasing the interaction between the transcription factor and a protein that is capable of activating the transcription factor, or by a combination thereof. Methods of using these yeast strains are also described.

Abstract: Recombinant oleaginous microorganisms having increased oil content due to the expression of a caleosin polypeptide are described. A recombinant oleaginous microorganism of the disclosed invention produces at least 25% of its dry cell weight as oil, and comprises a functional polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) biosynthetic pathway and at least one genetic construct encoding a caleosin polypeptide. A method for increasing the amount of oil in a recombinant oleaginous microorganism is also described.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an aldolase gene promoter and the use thereof, more particularly, disclosed are a promoter of aldolase gene derived from Lactobacillus casei, having a base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, an expression vector containing said promoter, and a recombinant microorganism transformed with said expression vector. The recombinant microorganism transformed with the expression vector containing the disclosed promoter can effectively express a target protein on the surface thereof, and thus will be useful as vaccine vehicles and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anticoagulant and a composition for preventing thrombus formation, which contain poly-gamma-glutamic acid (PGA) as an active ingredient. The inventive PGA is a water-soluble, anionic, biodegradable and edible amino acid polymer material, which has an anticoagulant effect of preventing thrombi from being accumulated in blood vessels, shows an excellent sustained-release effect and is harmless to the human body. Thus, it is useful as a high-value-added anticoagulant and a food or beverage composition for preventing thrombus formation.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are transformed Yarrowia lipolytica comprising an exogenous polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having sucrose invertase activity. Also disclosed are methods of using the transformed Y. lipolytica.

Abstract: An electronic circuit apparatus for compensating for a process variation of a resistor in an electronic circuit is provided. The electronic circuit includes a detecting part for generating a tune voltage corresponding to a process variation value of the at least one resistor, and a compensating part for compensating for a process variation of the at least one resistor using the tune voltage.

Abstract: Mutant delta-5 desaturases, having the ability to convert dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid [DGLA; 20:3 omega-6] to arachidonic acid [ARA; 20:4 omega-6] and/or eicosatetraenoic acid [ETA; 20:4 omega-3] to eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA; 20:5 omega-3] and possessing at least one mutation within the HPGG (SEQ ID NO:7) motif of the cytochome b5-like domain and at least one mutation within the HDASH (SEQ ID NO:8) motif are disclosed. Isolated nucleic acid fragments and recombinant constructs comprising such fragments encoding delta-5 desaturases, along with a method of making long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids [“PUFAs”], are also disclosed.

Abstract: Engineered strains of the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica are disclosed herein that are capable of producing microbial oil comprising greater than 25 weight percent of eicosapentaenoic acid [“EPA”], an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, measured as a weight percent of dry cell weight.

Abstract: A stamp includes a metal supporting layer, a pattern forming layer and an adhesive layer. The metal supporting layer has a first thermal conductivity. The pattern forming layer is disposed on the metal supporting layer and has a surface with a molding pattern formed thereon. The adhesive layer is disposed between the metal supporting layer and the pattern forming layer to couple the pattern forming layer to the metal supporting layer, and has a second thermal conductivity lower than the first thermal conductivity. Thus, strength of the stamp may be improved, and deformation of the stamp during the process of manufacturing a light guide plate may be reduced or prevented.

Abstract: A vector for constitutively expressing a high level of a target protein, and more particularly a RepE mutant protein containing a deletion of 21 amino acids in the C-terminal region of a RepE protein and a vector for constitutively expressing a high level of a target protein, which comprises a gene encoding the mutant protein. The constitutive high-level expression vector can stably express a high level of a target protein. Also, the surface expression vector can express a target protein on the surface of recombinant microorganisms while constitutively expressing a high level of the target protein, and thus will be useful for construction of an antigen for vaccines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for expressing each of peptide antibiotics P5 3 and Anal3 35 having amphiphilicity and showing antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer activities 61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 71, on the microbial surface, using a vector containing outer membrane protein genes (pgsBCA) that are derived from Bacillus sp. strains and involved in the synthesis of poly-gamma-glutamate. Moreover, the present invention relates to lactic acid-forming bacteria having each of the peptide antibiotics P5 15 and Anal3 43 expressed on their surface, and the use thereof. According to the present invention, the peptide antibiotics can be expressed on the surface of various microorganisms transformed with the surface expression vectors. The inventive method for the surface expression of the peptide antibiotics allows the peptide antibiotics to be mass-produced without a purification process. Thus, the inventive method has very high industrial applicability.

Abstract: Coordinately regulated over-expression of the genes encoding glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase [“G6PDH”] and 6-phospho-gluconolactonase [“6PGL”] in transgenic strains of the oleaginous yeast, Yarrowia lipolytica, comprising a functional polyunsaturated fatty acid [“PUFA”] biosynthetic pathway, resulted in increased production of PUFAs and increased total lipid content in the Yarrowia cells. This is achieved by increased cellular availability of the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [“NADPH”], an important reducing equivalent for reductive biosynthetic reactions, within the transgenic microorganism.