Abstract: A voltage driver circuit for an output stage of an operational amplifier, or other circuits, includes a level shifter and an output driver including a source follower and a common source amplifier in a push-pull configuration. The level shifter generates a node voltage as a function of an input voltage on the input node. The output driver including a first transistor having a control terminal receiving the node voltage, and connected between a supply voltage and an output node, and a second transistor having a control terminal receiving the input voltage from the input node, and connected between the output node and a reference voltage, wherein the first and second transistors have a common conductivity type.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pressure oscillation simulation device of deep coalbed methane and a method thereof. The device includes: a box, a liquid discharge pipe arranged on a bottom portion of the box, a gas source connected to the box through a gas injection pipe, a water source connected to the box through a drainpipe that includes a branch pipe; a measuring system including a pressure measuring member and a liquidometer. The present disclosure can simulate the coalbed pressure oscillation in a coalbed gas exploitation process and be of simple structure and high reliability, and can simulate influences of the pressure oscillation on a wellbore and a stratum environment in the coalbed exploitation process to provide reliable data support for an actual coalbed exploitation; the simulation method of the present disclosure can accurately simulate the pressure oscillation of the wellbore and the stratum.

Abstract: A voltage driver circuit for an output stage of an operational amplifier, or other circuits, includes a level shifter and an output driver including a source follower and a common source amplifier in a push-pull configuration. The level shifter generates a node voltage as a function of an input voltage on the input node. The output driver including a first transistor having a control terminal receiving the node voltage, and connected between a supply voltage and an output node, and a second transistor having a control terminal receiving the input voltage from the input node, and connected between the output node and a reference voltage, wherein the first and second transistors have a common conductivity type.

Abstract: A flash memory and an operation method thereof are provided. The flash memory includes a plurality of memory cell strings and a pass voltage generator. Each of the memory cell strings includes a plurality of memory cells. The pass voltage generator is configured to provide a pass voltage to a plurality of word lines of a plurality of unselected memory cells of a selected memory string. During a reading operation, the pass voltage generator raises the pass voltage from a first voltage at a first time point, and raises the pass voltage to a second voltage at a second time point. The second voltage is lower than a target voltage times a preset ratio The first time point is earlier than a start time point of a bit line voltage received by the selected memory cell, and the second time point occurs at the start time point of the bit line voltage.

Abstract: A voltage subtracter includes a first charge storage device and a second charge storage device. The first charge storage device receives a first voltage and a second voltage during a first time period, and storages a first difference voltage between the first voltage and the second voltage. The second charge storage device receives a reference ground voltage and the first voltage during a second time period, and storages a second difference voltage between the reference ground voltage and the first voltage. The first charge storage device and the second charge storage device are coupled to an output end during a second time period, and a charge sharing operation is operatedon the first charge storage device and the second charge storage device to generate an output voltage on the output end.

Abstract: A portable bioreactor is provided for driving displacement of at least one stirring sleeve relative to at least one tube cassette in a first direction and includes a machine frame unit and a first elevator. The first elevator includes a first linear movement module, a first transmission module, and a first turning module. The first linear movement module includes a first slider which is slidable on the first guide rail in the first direction between a first top position and a first bottom position. The first turning module is coupled to the first slider through the first transmission module so as to permit turning of the first turning module to be translated by the first transmission module into linear sliding movement of the first slider at a varying speed.

Abstract: A method of performing speech synthesis, includes encoding character embeddings, using any one or any combination of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs), applying a relative-position-aware self attention function to each of the character embeddings and an input mel-scale spectrogram, and encoding the character embeddings to which the relative-position-aware self attention function is applied. The method further includes concatenating the encoded character embeddings and the encoded character embeddings to which the relative-position-aware self attention function is applied, to generate an encoder output, applying a multi-head attention function to the encoder output and the input mel-scale spectrogram to which the relative-position-aware self attention function is applied, and predicting an output mel-scale spectrogram, based on the encoder output and the input mel-scale spectrogram to which the multi-head attention function is applied.

Abstract: This application relates to the field of digital watermark technologies and discloses a digital watermark embedding method and extraction method, a digital watermark embedding apparatus and extraction apparatus, and a digital watermark system. The method includes obtaining a digital watermark of a composite file, splitting the digital watermark into N sub-watermarks according to a carrier quantity N of the composite file, each sub-watermark being corresponding to partial content of the digital watermark, embedding an ith sub-watermark in an ith carrier of the composite file, to obtain an ith target carrier, and integrating N target carriers into a target file. This application resolves a problem in the related technology that a digital watermark technology cannot ensure integrity of an order file, and protects carriers of a composite file, thereby ensuring security and integrity of the composite file.

Abstract: Various examples and techniques pertaining to audio output monitoring for failure detection of warning sound playback are described. In one aspect, audio data, which includes a plurality of bits of a first sound sample and one or more control bits for integrity check, is retrieved from a data storage. The audio data is processed by: (i) performing an integrity check on the first sound sample based on the one or more control bits, and (ii) playing back a first sound using the first sound sample. The first sound can be a warning sound in automobile applications.

Abstract: Various examples and techniques pertaining to audio output monitoring for failure detection of warning sound playback are described. In one aspect, audio data, which includes a plurality of bits of a first sound sample and one or more control bits for integrity check, is retrieved from a data storage. The audio data is processed by: (i) performing an integrity check on the first sound sample based on the one or more control bits, and (ii) playing back a first sound using the first sound sample. The first sound can be a warning sound in automobile applications.

Abstract: A hyperspectral Raman imaging system having the ability to focus on excitation laser beam over a relatively wide field of view due to the use of a lens array, in particular a microlens array. Hyperspectral selection is provided in one embodiment through the use of dual-axis controlled dielectric filtration. Methods for analyzing materials with the system are disclosed. The device or system can be used in generally any application where investigation of materials is required.

Abstract: An improved hyperspectral Raman imaging system and device that obtains full scale Raman images from a sample surface in seconds, wherein the dichromic mirror is located between the objective lens and sample surface. The laser is delivered to the sample surface and the Raman image is collected and transmitted through optic fiber to a camera after filtration. By delivering the laser to the sample without going through the objective lens, a high-power laser can safely illuminate the full field of view of the objective lens, allowing for safe Raman imaging within seconds. This fast and safe Raman imaging system can be used for, among other applications, the early detection of dental caries in practical settings.

Abstract: Methods for determining whether certain compounds, in particular crystals, are present in a sample of a biological fluid that indicates an individual has a particular disease or condition, such as but not limited to gout, pseudogout or urinary tract stones. In some embodiments, the methods include the steps of digestion and filtration of a sample of synovial fluid in order to isolate, if present, monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU), calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD), or calcium phosphate crystals from the sample, wherein the filtrate is analyzed with a Raman device to ascertain the presence and type of the crystals. Devices for performing steps of the method are disclosed.

Abstract: A display panel is disclosed, which includes: a first substrate; a second substrate opposite to the first substrate; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second substrate; a shielding pattern disposed on the second substrate and defining a first region and a second region, wherein a transmittance of the first region is larger than a transmittance of the second region; a first polymer layer disposed on a side of the first substrate facing to the second substrate; and a second polymer layer disposed on a side of the second substrate facing to the first substrate, wherein a roughness of a first area of the first polymer layer is different from a roughness of a second area of the second polymer layer, the second area overlaps with the first region, and the first area overlaps with a projection of the first region on the first polymer layer.

Abstract: A semi-dry type method for automatically sampling PM2.5 particles. The method collects an aerosol sample in a dry mode and extracts it in a wet mode to prevent sampling artifacts. In the dry mode, a first stage utilizes carbon brushes as discharge electrodes to charge aerosol particles which are then collected on a cylinder wall by an electric field setup between a high-voltage central metal rod and a grounded cylinder in a second stage. In the wet mode, deionized (DI) water is injected into an electrostatic particle-into-liquid sampler (EPILS) in a pulsation manner by opening and closing solenoid valves intermittently, which dislodges aerosol particles deposited on the cylinder wall effectively to become a liquid aerosol sample. The liquid aerosol sample is then analyzed for chemical compositions automatically.

Abstract: A low dropout (LDO) regulating device includes a regulator and a pre-charger. The regulator is configured to adjust an output voltage provided to an output node in accordance with a voltage difference between a first reference voltage and a feedback voltage on a feedback node, wherein the feedback node is coupled to the output node. The pre-charger is electrically connected to the regulator, and is electrically connected to the feedback node for charge sharing.

Abstract: A liquid crystal photoelectric apparatus including an upper substrate, a lower substrate, a plurality of alignment layers, and a liquid crystal material is provided. The alignment layers include an upper alignment layer, a lower alignment layer, and at least one intermediate alignment layer. The upper alignment layer has a first orientation direction. The lower alignment layer has a second orientation direction. The at least one intermediate alignment layer has an intermediate orientation direction. The intermediate orientation direction is between the first orientation direction and the second orientation direction. The liquid crystal material includes a plurality of liquid crystal material portions. Each of the liquid crystal material portions is disposed between any adjacent two alignment layers. A manufacturing method of the liquid crystal photoelectric apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: A method of performing speech synthesis, includes encoding character embeddings, using any one or any combination of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs), applying a relative-position-aware self attention function to each of the character embeddings and an input mel-scale spectrogram, and encoding the character embeddings to which the relative-position-aware self attention function is applied. The method further includes concatenating the encoded character embeddings and the encoded character embeddings to which the relative-position-aware self attention function is applied, to generate an encoder output, applying a multi-head attention function to the encoder output and the input mel-scale spectrogram to which the relative-position-aware self attention function is applied, and predicting an output mel-scale spectrogram, based on the encoder output and the input mel-scale spectrogram to which the multi-head attention function is applied.

Abstract: A liquid crystal photoelectric apparatus includes a first and a second quartz glass substrates, an upper alignment layer disposed between the first and the second quartz glass substrates, a lower alignment layer disposed between the upper alignment layer and the second quartz glass substrate, a liquid crystal material disposed between the upper and the lower alignment layers, a first transparent conductive layer disposed between the upper alignment layer and the first quartz glass substrate and including at least one first main portion and first finger portions extending from the corresponding first main portion and a second transparent conductive layer second transparent conductive layer disposed between the lower alignment layer and the second quartz glass substrate and including a second main portion and second finger portions extending from the second main portion in an extension direction perpendicular to that of the first finger portions. An optical imaging processing system is provided.

Abstract: A voltage driver circuit for an output stage of an operational amplifier, or other circuits, includes a level shifter and an output driver including a source follower and a common source amplifier in a push-pull configuration. The level shifter generates a node voltage as a function of an input voltage on the input node. The output driver including a first transistor having a control terminal receiving the node voltage, and connected between a supply voltage and an output node, and a second transistor having a control terminal receiving the input voltage from the input node, and connected between the output node and a reference voltage, wherein the first and second transistors have a common conductivity type.