Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for fabricating 3D piezoelectric materials. In one aspect, a method includes photopolymerizing a selected portion of a two dimensional plane in a sample of a photolabile polymer solution containing piezoelectric nanoparticles to form a layer of a piezoelectric material, the photopolymerizing including directing light from a light source based on a pattern design in the selected portion of the photolabile polymer solution; and moving one or both of the sample and the directed light to photopolymerize another selected portion of another two dimensional plane in the sample to form another layer of the piezoelectric material.

Abstract: A method and system for microscale 3D printing achieve high-fidelity fabrication through the control of the light exposure time. A single pulse of light is used to initiate polymerization of a pre-polymer solution to minimize scattering-induced resolution deterioration. The printed object is fabricated in a layer-by-layer construction where each layer is formed through exposure to a single light pulse.

Abstract: An artificial structure for promoting microalgae growth includes a 3D-printed structure formed by positioning a printing surface on a movable stage of a 3D bioprinter in contact with a bio-ink that includes a mixture of a pre-polymer material with one or more of cellulose-derived nanocrystals (CNC), and microalgae cells. By projecting modulated light onto the printing surface while moving the stage, the bio-ink is progressively polymerized to define layers of an artificial coral structure with microalgae cells disposed thereon, where the artificial coral structure is configured to scatter light within the structure.

Abstract: A system and method for 3D microfabrication projects light capable of initiating photopolymerization toward a spatial light modulator that modulates light responsive to digital masks corresponding to layers of the structure. Projection optics focus the modulated light onto an optical plane within a photopolymerizable material supported on a stage. A computer controller causes the spatial light modulator to project a sequences of images corresponding to the digital masks while coordinating movement of the stage to move a position of the optical plane within the photopolymerizable material to sequentially project each image of the sequence to generate the structure by progressively photopolymerizing the photopolymerizable material.

Abstract: A method and system for microscale 3D printing achieve high-fidelity fabrication through the control of the light exposure time. A single pulse of light is used to initiate polymerization of a pre-polymer solution to minimize scattering-induced resolution deterioration. The printed object is fabricated in a layer-by-layer construction where each layer is formed through exposure to a single light pulse.

Abstract: A liver-mimetic device and method include a 3D polymer scaffold having a matrix of liver-like lobules with hepatic-functioning particles encapsulated within the lobules. In some embodiments, each liver-like lobule is hexagonal in structure and the matrix is in a honeycomb arrangement. In some embodiments, the hepatic-functioning particles are hepatic progenitor cells. In other embodiments, the hepatic-functioning particles are polymer nanoparticles adapted to capture pore-forming toxins.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to DNA double-write/double binding identity, and the design and use of DNA double-write materials and methods in processes and systems for macro, micro, and nano-photolithography and self-assembly processes for carrying out two and three dimensional nanofabrication.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for fabricating 3D piezoelectric materials. In one aspect, a method includes photopolymerizing a selected portion of a two dimensional plane in a sample of a photolabile polymer solution containing piezoelectric nanoparticles to form a layer of a piezoelectric material, the photopolymerizing including directing light from a light source based on a pattern design in the selected portion of the photolabile polymer solution; and moving one or both of the sample and the directed light to photopolymerize another selected portion of another two dimensional plane in the sample to form another layer of the piezoelectric material.

Abstract: A system and method for 3D microfabrication projects light capable of initiating photopolymerization toward a spatial light modulator that modulates light responsive to digital masks corresponding to layers of the structure. Projection optics focus the modulated light onto an optical plane within a photopolymerizable material supported on a stage. A computer controller causes the spatial light modulator to project a sequences of images corresponding to the digital masks while coordinating movement of the stage to move a position of the optical plane within the photopolymerizable material to sequentially project each image of the sequence to generate the structure by progressively photopolymerizing the photopolymerizable material.

Abstract: Implantable devices for spinal cord and peripheral nerve injury are described. The implants include a three-dimensional printed structure having stem cells disposed therein. Also disclosed are methods of treating neuronal injuries with the disclosed implants.

Abstract: A system and method for 3D microfabrication projects light capable of initiating photopolymerization toward a spatial light modulator that modulates light responsive to digital masks corresponding to layers of the structure. Projection optics focus the modulated light onto an optical plane within a photopolymerizable material supported on a stage. A computer controller causes the spatial light modulator to project a sequence of images corresponding to the digital masks while coordinating movement of the stage to move a position of the optical plane within the photopolymerizable material to sequentially project each image of the sequence to generate the structure by progressively photopolymerizing the photopolymerizable material.

Abstract: Using 3D printing, a microwell is formed by providing a plurality of masks, each mask representing a cross-section of a layer of the concave structure. Progressive movement of a projection plane exposes a pre-polymer solution to polymerizing radiation modulated by the masks to define the layers of the microwell, where each layer is exposed for a non-equal exposure period as determined by a non-linear factor. In a preferred embodiment, a first portion of the masks are base layer masks, which are exposed for a longer period than subsequent exposure periods. Shapes of the microwells, which may include circular, square, annular, or other geometric shapes, and their depths, are selected to promote aggregation behavior in the target cells, which may include tumor cells and stem cells.

Abstract: Using 3D printing, a microwell is formed by providing a plurality of masks, each mask representing a cross-section of a layer of the concave structure. Progressive movement of a projection plane exposes a pre-polymer solution to polymerizing radiation modulated by the masks to define the layers of the microwell, where each layer is exposed for a non-equal exposure period as determined by a non-linear factor. In a preferred embodiment, a first portion of the masks are base layer masks, which are exposed for a longer period than subsequent exposure periods. Shapes of the microwells, which may include circular, square, annular, or other geometric shapes, and their depths, are selected to promote aggregation behavior in the target cells, which may include tumor cells and stem cells.

Abstract: An artificial cornea is fabricated by separately culturing live stromal cells, live corneal endothelial cells (CECs) and live corneal epithelial cells (CEpCs), and 3D bioprinting separate stromal, CEC and CEpC layers to encapsulate the cells into separate hydrogel nanomeshes. The CEC layer is attached to a first side of the stromal layer and the CEpC layer to a second side of the stromal layer to define the artificial cornea.

Abstract: Methods and systems for fabricating a micro-structured biomaterial include printing a three-dimensional structure using polymerizing radiation modulated by a digital micromirror array to project microstructure patterns into a pre-polymer material to form one or more porous scaffold sheets. The microstructure patterns have a unit-cell geometry that exhibits a negative Poisson ratio that is tunable in magnitude.

Abstract: A system and method for 3D microfabrication projects light capable of initiating photopolymerization toward a spatial light modulator that modulates light responsive to digital masks corresponding to layers of the structure. Projection optics focus the modulated light onto an optical plane within a photopolymerizable material supported on a stage. A computer controller causes the spatial light modulator to project a sequence of images corresponding to the digital masks while coordinating movement of the stage to move a position of the optical plane within the photopolymerizable material to sequentially project each image of the sequence to generate the structure by progressively photopolymerizing the photopolymerizable material.

Abstract: The embodiments disclosed herein is a system for optical coherence tomographic imaging of turbid (i.e., scattering) materials utilizing multiple channels of information. The multiple channels of information may encompass spatial, angle, spectral and polarization domains. More specifically, the embodiments disclosed herein is related to methods and apparatus for utilizing optical sources, systems or receivers capable of providing (source), processing (system) or recording (receiver) a multiplicity of channels of spectral information for optical coherence tomographic imaging of turbid materials. In these methods and apparatus the multiplicity of channels of spectral information that can be provided by the source, processed by the system, or recorded by the receiver are used to convey simultaneously spatial, spectral or polarimetric information relating to the turbid material being imaged tomographically.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for fabricating 3D piezoelectric materials. In one aspect, a method includes photopolymerizing a selected portion of a two dimensional plane in a sample of a photoliable polymer solution containing piezoelectric nanoparticles to form a layer of a piezoelectric material, the photopolymerizing including directing light from a light source based on a pattern design in the selected portion of the photoliable polymer solution; and moving one or both of the sample and the directed light to photopolymerize another selected portion of another two dimensional plane in the sample to form another layer of the piezoelectric material.

Abstract: A liver-mimetic device and method include a 3D polymer scaffold having a matrix of liver-like lobules with hepatic-functioning particles encapsulated within the lobules. In some embodiments, each liver-like lobule is hexagonal in structure and the matrix is in a honeycomb arrangement. In some embodiments, the hepatic-functioning particles are hepatic progenitor cells. In other embodiments, the hepatic-functioning particles are polymer nanoparticles adapted to capture pore-forming toxins.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to DNA double-write/double binding identity, and the design and use of DNA double-write materials and methods in processes and systems for macro, micro, and nano-photolithography and self-assembly processes for carrying out two and three dimensional nanofabrication.