Abstract: A method includes accessing, from a memory, a schematic diagram of a circuit that depicts components of the circuit and, connected to one or more of the components, single-pin imaginary devices associated with group properties of the components. The method further includes automatically generating a design layout for the circuit based on the schematic diagram. The design layout comprises shapes representing the components and, on each shape representing a specific component that is connected to a single-pin imaginary device, a specific group label corresponding to a specific group property of the specific component. Placement of the shapes within the design layout is group label dependent. Accessing of the schematic diagram and the automatically generating of the design layout are performed by a layout generator tool executed by a processor of a computer-aided design system.

Abstract: An outdoor microwave radio, which supports two channels aggregation, includes a cable interface, a radio frequency processing section, and an antenna coupling section. The cable interface includes two cables, each cable configured to receive an analog intermediate frequency signal from a modem output at a remote indoor microwave radio. The radio frequency processing section configured to process the two analog intermediate frequency signals into one analog radio frequency signal. The antenna coupling section includes a co-plane circulator for connecting to an antenna and transmitting the analog radio frequency signal using the antenna.

Abstract: A method includes accessing a schematic diagram and a design layout for a circuit. The design layout includes net shapes representing nets and tracking group and voltage labels. The method further includes performing a physical verification of the design layout, including performing a layout versus schematic process. The layout versus schematic process includes converting the design layout to a new schematic diagram including nets corresponding to all of the net shapes, a single-pin first imaginary device associated with a tracking group property specified by a tracking group label indicating a tracking group, and a single-pin second imaginary device associated with a voltage property specified by a voltage label indicating high and low voltages on the net. A tracking group and voltage-aware design rules check is performed by determining whether placement of the net shapes in the design layout satisfies tracking group and voltage-aware design rules.

Abstract: In the disclosed design systems and methods, a schematic diagram includes nets and, connected to at least some nets, single-pin first and second imaginary devices. On any given net, a first imaginary device is associated with a tracking group property of the net (where nets in the same tracking group are in-phase) and a second imaginary device is associated with a voltage property of the net. A design layout generated based on the schematic diagram includes: net shapes representing the nets and, on net shapes that represent nets connected to the imaginary devices, tracking group and voltage labels corresponding to the tracking group and voltage properties. Net shape placement within the design layout and design rule checking are performed according to design rules that dictate placing net shapes with the same tracking group label together and further dictate minimum allowable spacing requirements depending upon the tracking group and voltage labels.

Abstract: In the disclosed design systems and methods, a schematic diagram includes nets and, connected to at least some nets, single-pin first and second imaginary devices. On any given net, a first imaginary device is associated with a tracking group property of the net (where nets in the same tracking group are in-phase) and a second imaginary device is associated with a voltage property of the net. A design layout generated based on the schematic diagram includes: net shapes representing the nets and, on net shapes that represent nets connected to the imaginary devices, tracking group and voltage labels corresponding to the tracking group and voltage properties. Net shape placement within the design layout and design rule checking are performed according to design rules that dictate placing net shapes with the same tracking group label together and further dictate minimum allowable spacing requirements depending upon the tracking group and voltage labels.

Abstract: A circulator plate for a microwave radio system is disclosed. The circulator plate includes a circulator including a first port, a second port, and a third port; a first isolator including an input port and an output port; a second isolator including an input port and an output port; and a splitter including an input port, a first output port, and a second output port. The output port of the first isolator is coupled to the first port of the circulator. The input port of the second isolator is coupled to the third port of the circulator. The input port of the splitter is coupled to the output port of the second isolator. The first output port of the splitter is configured to be coupled to a first receiver. The second output port of the splitter is configured to be coupled to a second receiver.

Abstract: A radio receiver component includes a first antenna line for receiving a first signal and a second antenna line for receiving a second signal. Each of the first signal and the second signal is a respective intermediate frequency (IF) signal produced by down-converting a respective radio frequency (RF) signal received by a respective antenna. The first antenna line includes a demodulator that receives the first signal and down-converts the first signal to produce one or more baseband signals, one or more variable baseband delay paths that delay the one or more baseband signals, a modulator that receives the one or more delayed baseband signals and up-converts the one or more delayed baseband signals to produce a third IF signal. The radio receiver component further includes a combiner that receives and combines the second signal and the third signal to produce a fourth signal.

Abstract: A method for biasing a power amplifier using a transmission signal having a time-varying envelope is provided. The method comprises producing a time-varying signal indicative of an amplitude of the envelope of the transmission signal and comparing the time-varying signal to a plurality of distinct threshold voltages. The method further comprises, for each of the plurality of distinct threshold voltages exceeded by the time-varying signal, providing a respective bias voltage to a respective input of a summing device and producing, using the summing device, an output bias voltage that is at least a sum of the respective bias voltages provided to the respective inputs of the summing device. The method further comprises biasing the power amplifier with the output bias voltage and amplifying the transmission signal using the power amplifier biased at the output bias voltage.

Abstract: An antenna coupling unit (ACU) is provided. The ACU includes a transmitter port, a receiver port, and an antenna port; a circulator isolating the transmitter port from the receiver port; a first waveguide coupling the transmitter port with the circulator. The transmitter port receives an outgoing from first external circuitry. The first waveguide includes a first filter that filters the outgoing before routing the outgoing signal to the antenna port. The ACU further includes a second waveguide coupling the circulator with the receiver port. The second waveguide includes a second filter that filters an incoming received through the antenna port before routing the incoming signal to the receiver port. The receiver port provides the filtered incoming to second external circuitry. The ACU further includes a third waveguide coupling the antenna port with the circulator. At least one of the first filter and the second filter is a tunable filter.

Abstract: A circulator plate for a microwave radio system is disclosed. The circulator plate includes a circulator including a first port, a second port, and a third port; a first isolator including an input port and an output port; a second isolator including an input port and an output port; and a splitter including an input port, a first output port, and a second output port. The output port of the first isolator is coupled to the first port of the circulator. The input port of the second isolator is coupled to the third port of the circulator. The input port of the splitter is coupled to the output port of the second isolator. The first output port of the splitter is configured to be coupled to a first receiver. The second output port of the splitter is configured to be coupled to a second receiver.

Abstract: A digital microwave radio system includes a splitter that splits a common baseband input into two baseband outputs, first and second transmitters, each transmitter electrically connected to a baseband output of the splitter via a mixer, a common local oscillator electrically connected to the mixer of the first transmitter and the mixer of the second transmitter via an adjustable phase shifter, respectively, and a combiner. The common local oscillator is configured to up-convert each baseband output into a radio-frequency signal using a corresponding mixer. The combiner combines the two radio-frequency signals into a 0-degree phase-shift output and a 180-degree phase-shift output, respectively. A phase error control loop adjusts the phase shifter to minimize the 180-degree phase-shift radio-frequency output. A combiner gain control loop adjusts the output power level of the two transmitters in accordance with an actual power detector reading at the 0-degree phase-shift radio-frequency output.

Abstract: A method for biasing a power amplifier using a transmission signal having a time-varying envelope is provided. The method comprises producing a time-varying signal indicative of an amplitude of the envelope of the transmission signal and comparing the time-varying signal to a plurality of distinct threshold voltages. The method further comprises, for each of the plurality of distinct threshold voltages exceeded by the time-varying signal, providing a respective bias voltage to a respective input of a summing device and producing, using the summing device, an output bias voltage that is at least a sum of the respective bias voltages provided to the respective inputs of the summing device. The method further comprises biasing the power amplifier with the output bias voltage and amplifying the transmission signal using the power amplifier biased at the output bias voltage.

Abstract: A digital microwave radio system includes a splitter that splits a common baseband input into two baseband outputs, first and second transmitters, each transmitter electrically connected to a baseband output of the splitter via a mixer, a common local oscillator electrically connected to the mixer of the first transmitter and the mixer of the second transmitter via an adjustable phase shifter, respectively, and a combiner. The common local oscillator is configured to up-convert each baseband output into a radio-frequency signal using a corresponding mixer. The combiner combines the two radio-frequency signals into a 0-degree phase-shift output and a 180-degree phase-shift output, respectively. A phase error control loop adjusts the phase shifter to minimize the 180-degree phase-shift radio-frequency output. A combiner gain control loop adjusts the output power level of the two transmitters in accordance with an actual power detector reading at the 0-degree phase-shift radio-frequency output.

Abstract: An antenna RSSI meter includes a microcontroller unit for digitizing an antenna receiver voltage signal, converting the digitized antenna receiver voltage signal into a receiver signal level in accordance with a predefined antenna specification, and converting the receiver signal level into the antenna tuning signal in accordance with the predefined antenna specification. The antenna RSSI meter includes an input communication port for receiving the antenna receiver voltage signal from an antenna and providing the antenna receiver voltage signal to the microcontroller unit, The antenna RSSI meter also includes an output communication port for receiving the antenna tuning signal from the microcontroller unit and providing the antenna tuning signal to an antenna auto-aligning mechanism for adjusting position and orientation of the antenna.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods of manufacturing a controlled pore glass, including: (a) adding an acidic solution to a column containing borosilicate glass; (b) flushing the column from step (a) with an aqueous solution until the pH of the effluent is greater than about 6; (c) adding a basic solution to the column from step (b); and (d) flushing the column from step (c) with an aqueous solution until the pH of the effluent is less than about 9 to produce a controlled pore glass.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of Formula I and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are inhibitors of the ROMK (Kir1.1) channel. The compounds may be used as diuretic and/or natriuretic agents and for the therapy and prophylaxis of medical conditions including cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, heart failure, kidney disease, edema, and conditions associated with excessive salt and water retention.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds having structural Formula I: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof which are inhibitors of the Renal Outer Medullary Potassium (ROMK) channel (Kir1.1). The compounds of Formula I are useful as diuretics and natriuretics and therefore are useful for the therapy and prophylaxis of disorders resulting from excessive salt and water retention, including cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and chronic and acute heart failure.

Abstract: A microwave radio receiver includes a first down-converter, a second down-converter, and a combined receiver signal level (RSL) and interference detector. The first down-converter is configured to convert a RF signal into a first IF signal. The second down-converter is configured to convert the first IF signal into a second IF signal. The combined RSL and interference detector is configured to determine one or more RSLs and generate an interference indicator based on the first IF signal from the first down-converter and a control signal from the second down-converter.

Abstract: A method of providing multiple voltage references to a radio-frequency device using a single analog line includes the steps of setting the analog line voltage level to be a first reference voltage signal; instructing a first voltage reference device to memorize the first reference voltage signal by sending a first digital control signal to a digital line; providing the first reference voltage signal to the RF device via the first voltage reference device; re-setting the analog line voltage level to be a second reference voltage signal; instructing a second voltage reference device to memorize the second reference voltage signal by sending a second digital control signal to the digital line, the second digital control signal being different from the first digital control signal; and providing the second reference voltage signal to the RF device via the second voltage reference device.

Abstract: A transceiver used in a radio unit for wireless communication, comprises: a circuitry board including a transmitter and a receiver; a first connector on a first side of the circuitry board, wherein the first connector is configured to be connected to an interface card; a second connector on a second side of the circuitry board, wherein the second side is opposite the first side and the second connector is configured to be connected to a digital card via a flexible circuit; and a pair of transmit port and receive port located on the second side of the circuitry board, wherein the transmit port is coupled to the transmitter and the receive port coupled to the receiver, respectively. When the transceiver is part of a split-mount radio unit (SRU), the first connector is connected to the interface card and the second connector is not in use. When the transceiver is part of an all-outdoor radio unit (AOU), the second connector is connected to the digital card and the first connector is not in use.