Abstract: A multi-channel mode converter includes a lens array having a first lens and a second lens, a glass block coupled to the lens array, and a fiber assembly unit (FAU) array coupled to the glass block, the FAU array including a first fiber corresponding to the first lens, and a second fiber corresponding to the second lens. The FAU array provides for a corresponding number of fibers and lenses such that a specific single fiber corresponds to a specific single lens, there being a 1:1 relationship between fibers and lenses. A mode converter system comprises: a lens array comprising: a first silicon lens configured to convert a first mode between a first waveguide and a first fiber, and a second silicon lens configured to convert a second mode between a second waveguide and a second fiber, and a glass block coupled to the lens array and configured to provide an optical path for a first light beam corresponding to the first silicon lens and a second light beam corresponding to the second silicon lens.

Abstract: An actuator for adjusting a display terminal and a vehicle are provided. The actuator includes: a mounting unit configured to mount a display terminal; a clutch unit, a first engaging portion of the clutch unit being connected to the mounting unit, and a second engaging portion of the clutch unit being normally interlocked with the first engaging portion; and a drive unit, an output end of the drive unit being connected to the second engaging portion.

Abstract: This application discloses a rotating mechanism for a display terminal and a vehicle having the same. The rotating mechanism includes: a mounting unit, a clutch unit, and a drive unit, the mounting unit being configured to mount a display terminal, the clutch unit including a first engaging portion and a second engaging portion, the first engaging portion being connected to the mounting unit, and the drive unit having a power output member capable of outputting torque, the power output member being detachably connected to the second engaging portion and capable of transmitting torque, and the first engaging portion and the second engaging portion being in power coupling connection.

Abstract: A method comprising: receiving a multiplexed optical signal comprising optical channels for N wavelengths, N being a positive integer greater than or equal to two; and separating the multiplexed optical signal into a first multiplexed light and a second multiplexed light, each of the first multiplexed light and the second multiplexed light having the same polarization, and each of the first multiplexed light and the second multiplexed light having N wavelengths; separating the first multiplexed light into a plurality of first lights, each having a different wavelength; separating the second multiplexed light into a plurality of second lights simultaneous with separating the first multiplexed light into the first lights, each of the second lights having a different wavelength; and generating optical parameters for each optical channel in the N wavelengths using the first light and the second light for each wavelength.

Abstract: A multi-channel mode converter includes a lens array having a first lens and a second lens, a glass block coupled to the lens array, and a fiber assembly unit (FAU) array coupled to the glass block, the FAU array including a first fiber corresponding to the first lens, and a second fiber corresponding to the second lens. The FAU array provides for a corresponding number of fibers and lenses such that a specific single fiber corresponds to a specific single lens, there being a 1:1 relationship between fibers and lenses. A mode converter system comprises: a lens array comprising: a first silicon lens configured to convert a first mode between a first waveguide and a first fiber, and a second silicon lens configured to convert a second mode between a second waveguide and a second fiber, and a glass block coupled to the lens array and configured to provide an optical path for a first light beam corresponding to the first silicon lens and a second light beam corresponding to the second silicon lens.

Abstract: This application discloses a rotating mechanism for a display terminal and a vehicle having the same. The rotating mechanism includes: a mounting unit, a clutch unit, and a drive unit, the mounting unit being configured to mount a display terminal, the clutch unit including a first engaging portion and a second engaging portion, the first engaging portion being connected to the mounting unit, and the drive unit having a power output member capable of outputting torque, the power output member being detachably connected to the second engaging portion and capable of transmitting torque, and the first engaging portion and the second engaging portion being in power coupling connection.

Abstract: An actuator for adjusting a display terminal and a vehicle are provided. The actuator includes: a mounting unit configured to mount a display terminal; a clutch unit, a first engaging portion of the clutch unit being connected to the mounting unit, and a second engaging portion of the clutch unit being normally interlocked with the first engaging portion; and a drive unit, an output end of the drive unit being connected to the second engaging portion.

Abstract: A vehicle-mounted display screen device includes a display screen, a motor and a transmission system. The motor drives the display screen to rotate via the transmission system. The transmission system includes a first shaft, a second shaft, a first semi-clutch, a second semi-clutch and an elastic component, the first shaft is coaxial with the second shaft, the first semi-clutch is slidably sleeved on the first shaft axially, the second semi-clutch is connected to the second shaft, a first tooth is formed on an end surface of the first semi-clutch facing the second semi-clutch, a second tooth is formed on an end surface of the second semi-clutch facing the first semi-clutch, and the elastic component applies axial elastic force to the first semi-clutch to enable the first tooth and the second tooth to be engaged.

Abstract: A method for determining a source of pollutant emissions for a selected area includes: mapping a grid onto a representation of the selected area; collecting monitoring data for the selected data; from the monitoring data, assigning air pollution values and weather values to each cell in the grid using an interpolation method to estimate values for gap cells; re-sizing the grid to mitigate the influence of atmospheric turbulence on the air pollution values; and using weather factor separation to minimize the influence of weather from the air pollution values, resulting in air pollution values that reflect the net pollutant emissions for the selected area.

Abstract: Probabilistic generation and decoding modulation symbols for use with optical communication. Codewords are generated using combinations of symbols from a modulation symbol alphabet, and each type of modulation symbol is sequentially generated using a hardware efficient combination generator that performs as a virtual lookup table (LUT). Likewise, decoding can be performed by sequentially identifying locations of individual modulation symbols within the received codeword.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a polarization beam splitter optically coupled to a first light path and a second light path and configured to receive a CW light having a plurality of wavelengths, forward a first light beam of the CW light along the first light path, and forward a second light beam of the CW light along the second light path. A first multiplexer coupled to the first light path and configured to de-multiplex the first light beam into a first plurality of channels each corresponding to one of the plurality of wavelengths. A second multiplexer coupled to the second light path and configured to de-multiplex the second light beam into a second plurality of channels each corresponding to one of the plurality of wavelengths. A modulator coupled to the first multiplexer and the second multiplexer and configured to modulate the first plurality of channels and the second plurality of channels.

Abstract: An optical modulator for generating quadrature amplitude modulation (nQAM) and phase-shift keying (nPSK) signals with tunable modulation efficiency. The modulator includes a controlling circuit for adjusting the modulation efficiency or modulation depth of the modulator by controlling the direct current (DC) bias.

Abstract: A vehicle-mounted display screen device includes a display screen, a motor and a transmission system. The motor drives the display screen to rotate via the transmission system. The transmission system includes a first shaft, a second shaft, a first semi-clutch, a second semi-clutch and an elastic component, the first shaft is coaxial with the second shaft, the first semi-clutch is slidably sleeved on the first shaft axially, the second semi-clutch is connected to the second shaft, a first tooth is formed on an end surface of the first semi-clutch facing the second semi-clutch, a second tooth is formed on an end surface of the second semi-clutch facing the first semi-clutch, and the elastic component applies axial elastic force to the first semi-clutch to enable the first tooth and the second tooth to be engaged.

Abstract: A reducer includes a reducer housing, an input shaft, an inner gear ring, a cycloidal gear, an output flange, and a plurality of pin shafts. The inner gear ring is fixed to the reducer housing. An eccentric cam is provided on the input shaft. The cycloidal gear is mounted on the eccentric cam via an arm bearing and meshes with the inner gear ring. The cycloidal gear is provided with a plurality of pin holes distributed in the circumferential direction thereof. The reducer further includes a support frame having a central shaft hole. The input shaft passes through the central shaft hole. Each pin shaft passes through the corresponding pin hole and both ends are connected to the output flange and the support frame respectively.

Abstract: A method comprising: receiving a multiplexed optical signal comprising optical channels for N wavelengths, N being a positive integer greater than or equal to two; and separating the multiplexed optical signal into a first multiplexed light and a second multiplexed light, each of the first multiplexed light and the second multiplexed light having the same polarization, and each of the first multiplexed light and the second multiplexed light having N wavelengths; separating the first multiplexed light into a plurality of first lights, each having a different wavelength; separating the second multiplexed light into a plurality of second lights simultaneous with separating the first multiplexed light into the first lights, each of the second lights having a different wavelength; and generating optical parameters for each optical channel in the N wavelengths using the first light and the second light for each wavelength.

Abstract: A transmission-type polarization insensitive modulator implemented as a polarization insensitive micro ring modulator (PIMRM) includes a first polarization splitter-rotator (PSR) configured to generate a first light beam and a second light beam having a common polarization from an input, a micro ring configured to modulate the first light beam with data to generate a first output signal, and modulate the second light beam with data to generate a second output signal, and a second PSR configured to combine the first output signal and the second output signal to form a modulated output signal, wherein the micro ring is disposed in between the first PSR and the second PSR.

Abstract: An optical modulator comprises a silicon substrate, a buried oxide (BOX) layer disposed on top of the silicon substrate, and a ridge waveguide disposed on top of the BOX layer and comprising a first n-type silicon (n-Si) slab, a first gate oxide layer coupled to the first n-Si slab, a first p-type silicon (p-Si) slab coupled to the first gate oxide layer, and a light propagation path that travels sequentially through the first n-Si slab, the first gate oxide layer, and the first p-Si slab.

Abstract: A wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) polarization-independent transmissive modulator (PITM) that receives a multi-wavelength continuous wave (CW) light of indeterminate polarization, splits the multi-wavelength CW light into two transverse electric (TE) polarized components, demultiplexer the polarized components into single-wavelength CW lights, modulates the single-wavelength CW lights using four-port cross-state or bypass-state modulators, multiplexes the modulated output of the four-port modulators (FPM) into two polarized modulated components, and combines the two polarized modulated components into a multi-wavelength modulated output signal.

Abstract: A method of modulation implemented by a polarization insensitive integrated optical modulator (PIIOM). The method includes receiving, at an input, a continuous wave (CW) light, splitting, by a first polarization splitter-rotator (PSR), the CW light into a first light beam having a transverse electric (TE) polarization and a second light beam having a transverse magnetic (TM) polarization, rotating, by the first PSR, the second light beam having the TM polarization to generate a third light beam having the TE polarization, modulating, with a multiport modulator, the first light beam with data to generate a first output signal and the third light beam with data to generate a second output signal, combining, by a second PSR, the first output signal and the second output signal to form a modulated output CW light, and transmitting, at an output separate from the input, the modulated output CW light to an optical receiving device.

Abstract: A tunable hybrid laser has a gain chip and a wavelength selection chip. The wavelength selection chip includes a wavelength selective loop reflector. The wavelength selective loop reflector is configured to receive the amplified lightwave from the gain chip. The wavelength selective loop reflector includes a single optical coupler and a micro-ring resonator (MMR). The single optical coupler splits the amplified lightwave and provides portions thereof to different branches of the MRR. The MRR permits selection of a desired wavelength and reflects the portions of the amplified lightwave at the desired wavelength back to the single optical coupler, which combines the portions of the amplified lightwave at the desired wavelength to generate a reflection lightwave and a transmission lightwave. The reflection lightwave is returned to the gain chip to form the external cavity and the transmission lightwave is output from the tunable hybrid laser.