Abstract: Utilizing an asymmetric magnetic field caused by a mechanism design between a motor rotor and a stator to induce a BEMF, a method for starting a fixed rotation direction of single-phase sensorless DC brushless motor, includes: power-on starting a motor control circuit; if the motor is not in a rotating state before starting the excitation, executing a static starting procedure; then, if the motor rotation direction conforms to a predetermined direction, executing a normal driving procedure; otherwise, executing a static starting procedure. The static starting procedure, by discharging remnant energy of the motor, achieves the purpose of star-up by performing the steps of first phase excitation, stop excitation, and strong second phase excitation. In the normal driving procedure, the slope of BEMF signal of the first phase or the second phase is taken out periodically to detect the motor rotation direction.

Abstract: The invention utilizes an asymmetric magnetic field caused by a mechanism design between a motor rotor and a stator to induce a BEMF, and discloses a method for starting a fixed rotation direction of single-phase sensorless DC brushless motor, including: power-on starting a motor control circuit; if the motor not in the rotating state before starting the excitation, executing a static starting procedure; then, if the motor rotation direction conforming to the predetermined direction, executing a normal driving procedure; otherwise, executing a static starting procedure. The static starting procedure, after of static starting by discharging remnant energy of the motor, achieves the purpose of star-up by performing the steps of first phase excitation, stop excitation, and strong second phase excitation. In the normal driving procedure, the slopes of BEMF signal of the first phase or the second phase is taken out periodically to detect the motor rotation direction.

Abstract: The invention discloses a driving method for single-phase DC brushless motor using sensor only in start-up, comprising: power-up to activate a motor control circuit of a motor; confirming whether the motor is in a rotating state before activation of an excitation? If not, executing a static start-up procedure of using a sensor to detect magnetic poles of the rotor; calculating slope of the BEMF signal to determine the rotation direction of the motor; determining whether the rotation direction of the motor conforming to a predetermined direction; if yes, executing a normal driving procedure; otherwise, executing the static start-up procedure of using a sensor to detect magnetic poles of the rotor. The invention utilizes the present invention utilizes an asymmetric magnetic field caused by a mechanism between a rotor and a stator of a motor to induce a back electromotive force signal and a sensor detection to control rotation direction.

Abstract: A dynamic current correlating circuit is disclosed. The current correlating circuit includes a reset circuit, a first current generating circuit and a second current generating circuit. The reset circuit executes a discharging procedure during a first time interval and executes a charging procedure during a second time interval. The first current generating circuit is electrically connected to the reset circuit. The first current generating circuit generates a first sub-current and a second sub-current during a third time interval according to a first input voltage and a second input voltage and generates a first current after the third time interval. The second current generating circuit is electrically connected to the reset circuit. The second current generating circuit generates a second current according to the first input voltage and the second input voltage after the third time interval.

Abstract: A dynamic current correlating circuit is disclosed. The current correlating circuit includes a reset circuit, a first current generating circuit and a second current generating circuit. The reset circuit executes a discharging procedure during a first time interval and executes a charging procedure during a second time interval. The first current generating circuit is electrically connected to the reset circuit. The first current generating circuit generates a first sub-current and a second sub-current during a third time interval according to a first input voltage and a second input voltage and generates a first current after the third time interval. The second current generating circuit is electrically connected to the reset circuit. The second current generating circuit generates a second current according to the first input voltage and the second input voltage after the third time interval.

Abstract: The invention disclosed fast start-up single-pin crystal oscillation apparatus and operation method thereof. The apparatus comprises a comparator, an envelope detector, a trigger, a crystal, a finite state machine, an amplifier gain module, a load capacitor module and a bias resistor. Compared to prior arts, the invention uses a single-pin oscillator structure to remove two external load capacitors, reduces start-up time, increase negative resistance, reduce load capacitor, and uses fast start-up algorithm to make the oscillation circuit operating at optimal power-consumption.

Abstract: The invention disclosed fast start-up single-pin crystal oscillation apparatus and operation method thereof. The apparatus comprises a comparator, an envelope detector, a trigger, a crystal, a finite state machine, an amplifier gain module, a load capacitor module and a bias resistor. Compared to prior arts, the invention uses a single-pin oscillator structure to remove two external load capacitors, reduces start-up time, increase negative resistance, reduce load capacitor, and uses fast start-up algorithm to make the oscillation circuit operating at optimal power-consumption.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) receiver may comprise a first sampling module that is operable to sample in a first level at a particular main sampling rate; a plurality of second-level sampling modules, wherein each of the plurality of second-level sampling modules is operable to sample in a second level, an output of the first level, at a second sampling rate that is reduced compared to the main sampling rate; and a plurality of third-level modules, each comprising a plurality of third-stage sampling sub-modules that are operable to sample at a third sampling rate that is reduced compared to the second sampling rate, and a plurality of corresponding analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) sub-modules.

Abstract: A cycling record system includes a hub generator; a power harvesting module; a memory device; a processor; a battery module; and a wireless transmission module; wherein, the hub generator is installed within a hub of a bicycle wheel, the processor is coupled electrically with the hub generator, the battery module is coupled electrically with the memory device and the wireless transmission module for supplying power thereto; wherein, the power harvesting module is coupled electrically with the hub generator and the battery module such that the power harvesting module rectifies and boosts a voltage generated by the hub generator in order to recharge the battery module continuously, thereby permanently allowing the processor to process signals continuously from the hub generator and converting into data to write the data in the memory device or transmitting the data outbound via the wireless transmission module.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) receiver may comprise a first sampling module that is operable to sample in a first level at a particular main sampling rate; a plurality of second-level sampling modules, wherein each of the plurality of second-level sampling modules is operable to sample in a second level, an output of the first level, at a second sampling rate that is reduced compared to the main sampling rate; and a plurality of third-level modules, each comprising a plurality of third-stage sampling sub-modules that are operable to sample at a third sampling rate that is reduced compared to the second sampling rate, and a plurality of corresponding analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) sub-modules.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) receiver may comprise a first sampling module that is operable to sample in a first level at a particular main sampling rate; a plurality of second-level sampling modules, wherein each of the plurality of second-level sampling modules is operable to sample in a second level, an output of the first level, at a second sampling rate that is reduced compared to the main sampling rate; and a plurality of third-level modules, each comprising a plurality of third-stage sampling sub-modules that are operable to sample at a third sampling rate that is reduced compared to the second sampling rate, and a plurality of corresponding analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) sub-modules.

Abstract: An image sensing device, a system and a method thereof and a charge sensing device are provided. The image sensing device includes a charge sensor, a pixel circuit, a selector and a pulse generator. The charge sensor includes a sensing electrode and generates an induced charge on the sensing electrode. The pixel circuit transforms the induced charge into a pixel voltage. Before the image sensing device outputs the pixel voltage, the pixel circuit receives a pulse voltage from the pulse generator such that at least one transistor in the pixel circuit raises a hot carrier injection effect, so as to amplify the induced charge on the sensing electrode.

Abstract: A differential amplitude pulse width modulation (aPWM) digital to analog converter (DAC) is provided, including an aPWM module for generating differential pulse from an input digital audio data stream, a power driver module for providing energy to a terminal load and a filter for removing unwanted harmonic signal to reconstruct analog signal, wherein the aPWM module further includes a PWM pulse generator to convert the digital input numerical code to a series of time domain pulse width; an amplitude modulation unit, for increasing time domain resolution of the pulse width, and a differential pulse width generator to convert series of PWM pulse into voltage and time domain differential form; the power driver module further comprising a pulse amplitude selector, connected to a power source, and two power stages connected respectively to the pulse amplitude selector.

Abstract: A smart auxiliary power system for bicycles is provided, comprising: an electric motor, an electric auxiliary power device (E-AUX), and an energy storage device; wherein: the electric motor and the E-AUX being mounted on the wheel drum of the bicycle, the energy storage device being electrically connected to the electric motor through the E-AUX; the E-AUX using the kinetic energy information, including acceleration, bicycle position rotational speed and torque of the electric motor to compute with a control algorithm to drive the electric motor through the motor driving, or charging the energy storage device with the electric power generated by the electric motor through energy recycling device. As such, the system can self-adaptively output auxiliary power according to the kinetic energy information of the bicycle-riding to share the pedaling load of the rider while allowing the rider to enjoy the pedaling.

Abstract: Provided is a weight calculating intelligent wearable device and method thereof. The device includes a carrier and a data recorder. At least a heel piezoelectric element, at least a sole of foot piezoelectric element, a central control module, a power converting module and an electricity storage module are installed on the carrier. The heel piezoelectric element and the sole of foot piezoelectric element generate pulse signals when a heel of a wearer exerts pressure on the heel piezoelectric element during a walking process. The central control module includes a processor and a wireless transmitting unit. The pulse signals are received by the processor, and characteristic vectors are obtained by an algorithm. The characteristic vectors are transmitted from the wireless transmitting to the data recorder. A weight value of the wearer is obtained based on the characteristic vectors computed in a remote database or local data recorder.

Abstract: A signal receiver may comprise circuitry for applying multi-level sampling to an input signal, using a plurality of sampling rates that comprises at least two different sampling rates, and circuitry for processing one or more outputs of the multi-level sampling. The processing may comprises sampling at a sampling rate that is different than each of the plurality of sampling rates used during the multi-level sampling and applying analog-to-digital conversion. At least one of the sampling rates used during the multi-level sampling and/or the sampling rate used during the processing may be set based on configuring of one or more clock signals used during the multi-level sampling and/or during the processing. At least one of the one or more clock signals may be configured based on reduction of frequency of a corresponding base clock signal.

Abstract: An image sensing device, a system and a method thereof and a charge sensing device are provided. The image sensing device includes a charge sensor, a pixel circuit, a selector and a pulse generator. The charge sensor includes a sensing electrode and generates an induced charge on the sensing electrode. The pixel circuit transforms the induced charge into a pixel voltage. Before the image sensing device outputs the pixel voltage, the pixel circuit receives a pulse voltage from the pulse generator such that at least one transistor in the pixel circuit raises a hot carrier injection effect, so as to amplify the induced charge on the sensing electrode.

Abstract: A dielectric constant measurement circuit includes a dielectric constant sensor, an oscillator controlling circuit, a waveform converting circuit, and a counting readout circuit. The oscillator controlling circuit generates an oscillation waveform according to the response of the dielectric constant sensor to a dielectric material. The waveform converting circuit converts the oscillation waveform into frequency division square waves. The counting readout circuit includes a switching counter, a switching circuit, a reference current source, and a current integrator.

Abstract: An operational transconductance amplifier includes a fully-differential amplifying circuit, a bias driving circuit, and a common mode feedback circuit. The fully-differential amplifying circuit is configured for receiving a differential input voltage and providing a differential output voltage. The fully-differential amplifying circuit includes a plurality of diffusor-differential-pair circuits. The bias driving circuit is configured for providing at least one first bias current to drive the fully-differential amplifying circuit and adjust the transconductance of the transconductance amplifier. The common mode feedback circuit is configured for stabilizing the differential output voltage. An operational transconductance amplifier-capacitor (OTA-C) filter and a high order filter are disclosed herein as well.

Abstract: An operational transconductance amplifier includes a cascode differential-pair amplifying circuit, a bias driving circuit, and a common mode feedback circuit. The cascode differential-pair amplifying circuit is configured for receiving a differential input voltage and for providing a differential output voltage. The bias driving circuit is configured for providing a first bias current to drive the cascode differential-pair amplifying circuit and for adjusting the transconductance of the transconductance amplifier. The bias driving circuit includes a first floating-gate transistor. The first floating-gate transistor is configured for adjusting the first bias current. The common mode feedback circuit is configured for adjusting a second bias current of the cascode differential-pair amplifying circuit according to the differential output voltage so that the differential output voltage is stabilized.