Abstract: In a circuit multiplex transmission system for transmitting speech/facsimile signals, a transmission circuit allocation control unit outputs a data transmission rate designation signal according to the load of the transmission circuit. A facsimile procedure operating unit operates a facsimile procedure, by reloading a control signal to be used for controlling the facsimile procedure or by selectively causing a training, which takes place prior to sending a message, to end in failure, in such a manner that a facsimile base band data transmission rate will be a rate designated by a transmission rate designation information. The result is that since the facsimile base band data transmission rate is controlled according to the load of the transmission circuit, it is possible to accommodate the same number of input telephone lines as that if every input signal is a speech signal.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire has a tread pattern with blocks which are divided by two circumferential grooves extending in the circumferential direction of a tire and eighty-five or more lateral grooves crossing the circumferential grooves in a tread part. In the tread pattern, the quotient S.sub.T /S of the total groove area S.sub.T which is the sum of the circumferential groove area S.sub.G and the lateral groove area Sg in a ground contact surface S when the tire is mounted on a standard rim, inflated with a normal internal pressure and loaded with a normal load, to the ground contact area S is in a range from 0.15 to 0.25, and the rate Sg/S.sub.G of the lateral groove area Sg to the circumferential groove area S.sub.G is in a range from 0.33 to 0.53.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire has a block pattern which is divided by plural circumferential grooves extending in the circumferential direction of a tire and a number of lateral grooves crossing the circumferential grooves. In the block pattern, the block circumferential/lateral ratio Lm/Wm of the average block circumferential length Lm to the average block width Wm is in a range from 0.38 to 0.55, and the block circumferential length ratio Lm/L of the average block circumferential length Lm to the circumferential length L of the tread part is in a range from 1/120 and to 1/85.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel process for produing .alpha. -keto-carboxylic acid esters that are useful as intermediates for the preparation of pharmaceutical drugs in high yield by oxidizing .alpha. -hydroxycarbocylic acid esters with hypochlorous acid in the presence of nitroxy radical.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel process for producing .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aldehydes including industrial important fragrances such as citral and sinensal, starting materials for preparing pharmaceutical drugs such as senecioaldehyde, farnesal, 8-acetoxy-2,6-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal and the like, directly and in high yield, from formic acid esters of allylic alcohols in the presence of a catalytic amount of aluminum alkoxide by the oxidation of the corresponding alehyde.

Abstract: A dampening mask for use in aircraft, includes a mask body to be worn in a manner in which it is placed in front of the nose of the wearer to cover at least the nose, and forming a small space separated from the outside air in front of the nose; and a ventilation-passage member provided in a portion of the mask body which is, when the mask is worn, situated in front of the nose, the ventilation-passage member interconnecting the small space and the outside air in communication, the ventilation-passage member being a honeycomb structure made of a moisture absorbing material which has a function of absorbing and releasing moisture, the honeycomb structure having a large number of ventilation passages (tubular cavities) directed forward so as to form passages for air.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing halogenated sulfones by reacting a halogenating agent with a salt of a hydroxysulfone. The halogenated sulfones are useful as an intermediate for vitamin A or its carboxylic acid esters employed as medicines or feed additives.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing vitamin A or its carboxylic acid ester by treating inexpensive and readily available industrial starting materials with potassium hydroxide which is widely employed industrially and is inexpensive.

Abstract: A present invention provides a process for preparing a mixture of cyclic terpenoids of general formula (I), ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and general formula (II), ##STR2## wherein R is defined as above, containing (I) predominant over (II) by the reaction of an acid with a cyclic terpenoid of general formula (II), or a mixture of cyclic terpenoids of general formulas (I) and (II), containing (II) predominant over (I).

Abstract: A process for preparing an allylic sulfone of the following general formula (I), ##STR1## wherein, R is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and containing both cis and trans isomers, by a reaction of a compound selected from the group consisting of geranyl chloride, neryl chloride, and linalyl chloride with a phenyl sulfinate of the following general formula (III), ##STR2## wherein, R is a hydrogen atom, or a lower alkyl group, and M is a sodium atom or potassium atom, in the presence of (i) tetralkylammonium iodide in an anhydrous condition or (ii) a zinc halide and an iodide.

Abstract: Chlorinated olefins of general formula (I), ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl, aralkyl, or alkenyl group substituted or not substituted by a lower acyloxy, lower alkyloxy, alkenyloxy or benzyloxy group, are prepared by the reaction of hypochlorous acid, generated by the reaction of sodium hypochlorite with a strong mineral acid, and olefins of general formula (II), ##STR2## wherein R is the same as defined above, in a two-phase system of water phase and organic solvent phase, not being miscible with water.

Abstract: In an on-line transaction network, in order to transmit to an administration center the custodial positions of commodities in each terminal transaction device and the contents of the commodities kept in custody thereat, the center is provided with a memory device in which a plurality of commodity patterns specifying the corresponding relations between the custodial positions of the commodities and the contents thereof are stored beforehand along with pattern codes affixed to the commodity patterns, and after the commodity has been put in the terminal transaction device in accordance with any of the commodity patterns, the pattern code indicative of the commodity pattern is sent to the center, whereby information for transaction administration is obtained.

Abstract: A process for preparing .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aldehydes of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl or alkenyl group with or without being substituted with a lower acyloxy group. The aldehyde of the general formula (I) is prepared by reaction between an allylic chloride of the following general formula (IIa) ##STR2## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have, respectively, the same meanings as defined above, and an amine oxide selected from the group consisting of tri(lower alkyl)amine N-oxides of the formula,R.sub.3.sup.4 N.sup.+ O.sup.-,in which R.sup.4 represents a lower alkyl group having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and N-lower alkylmorpholine N-oxides of the following formula ##STR3## in which R.sup.5 represents a lower alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Alternatively, the aldehyde of the formula (I) is obtained by reaction between an allylic chloride of the following general formula (IIb) ##STR4## in which R.sup.

Abstract: Novel trimethylcyclohexenyl compounds of the 1,3,3-trimethyl-1-cyclohexene type having a 3-hydroxy-3-lower alkylpropionyl group at the 6-position of the cyclohexene are provided. These trimethylcyclohexenyl compounds have a floral note reminiscent of a variety of odors. There are also provided aroma compositions containing these compounds.

Abstract: Novel polyprenyl compounds have the general formula: ##STR1## represents a cis-isoprene unit, n is an integer of 11-19, Z.sup.1 is --CH.sub.2 OH or a functional precursor thereof, and either one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom and the other is --S(O).sub.m R.sup.3 in which m is an integer of 0 (zero), 1 or 2 and R.sup.3 is a phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl or thiazolinyl group or such group substituted with at least one lower alkyl and/or halogen substituent. The topic novel polyprenyl compounds can be synthesized from derivatives of the polyprenol which is obtainable from leaves of Ginkgo biloba or Cedrus deodara, among others, by extraction, if necessary followed by hydrolytic treatment. The novel polyprenyl compounds can be converted to mammalian dolichols or precursors thereof by reductive elimination of the --S(O).sub.m R.sup.3 group.