Abstract: The present invention provides an optical waveguide including an optical waveguide core for transmitting optical signals, a plate-shaped clad portion containing the optical waveguide core therein, and at least one of a concave portion and a convex portion at an end surface portion of the clad portion which end surface portion is disposed near one end of the optical waveguide core; an optical waveguide ferrule having an opening portion for receiving an optical waveguide, and at least one of a convex portion and a convex portion having a concave portion on an inner surface thereof at one end of the opening portion; and an optical connector in which the optical waveguide is inserted in the opening portion of the optical waveguide ferrule.

Abstract: A lens-incorporating optical waveguide includes: a core; a clad enclosing the cores; and a lens provided in the core so as to cross a propagating direction of light.

Abstract: A flexible optical waveguide having a core in which light propagates; and a cladding portion with a smaller refractive index than the core, that surrounds the core, wherein the flexible optical waveguide has a flexible portion between both end portions thereof, and at least one end portion of the both end portions is more solid than the flexible portion, is provided, which flexible optical waveguide, while assuring flexibility, can be mounted with high accuracy.

Abstract: An optical waveguide film that can supply power at extremely low cost, and a light transmission and reception module using this film are provided. A macromolecular optical waveguide film is composed of a square-shaped waveguide core which extends in a film length direction, a conductive wires which extends in the film length direction and is arranged in parallel with the waveguide core, and a cladding which surrounds the waveguide core and the conductive wire. The two conductive wires are provided, and the waveguide core is provided between the two conductive wires.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical waveguide manufacturing method. A polymer resin with different refractive index from the polymer film is applied to a polymer film and is cured, so that a double-layered polymer film, which has a cladding layer and a core layer with higher refractive index than the cladding layer, is manufactured. The core layer is cut by the dicing saw having a blade for enabling cutting of a resin layer, so as to be processed into core portions of the optical waveguide. Cut concave portions of the core layer are filled with polymer resin having the same refractive index with the cladding layer. The core portions are further covered with the polymer resin, and the polymer resin is cured so that a cladding resin layer is formed.

Abstract: An optical waveguide module includes a light emitting element which outputs light, a light receiving element which monitors an output of the light emitting element, and an optical waveguide film having a waveguide core which has a notched portion having an optical path changing surface that changes an optical path of part of the light. The light emitting element is coupled to an end portion of the optical waveguide film, and the light receiving element is provided to face a position of the optical waveguide film from where the part of the light whose optical path has been changed by the optical path changing surface exits.

Abstract: An optical waveguide film that can supply power at extremely low cost, and a light transmission and reception module using this film are provided. A macromolecular optical waveguide film is composed of a square-shaped waveguide core which extends in a film length direction, a conductive wires which extends in the film length direction and is arranged in parallel with the waveguide core, and a cladding which surrounds the waveguide core and the conductive wire. The two conductive wires are provided, and the waveguide core is provided between the two conductive wires.

Abstract: A polymer optical waveguide module has a submount, one of an emitter and a detector and an optical waveguide. The optical waveguide is a polymer optical waveguide film obtained by using a mold, which has, on an identical end portion thereof, an optical-path converting mirror surface and an alignment surface. One of the emitter and detector as well as the polymer optical waveguide film are held on the submount. The polymer optical waveguide film is aligned on the submount by use of the alignment surface.

Abstract: The invention provides an aqueous ink composition, which comprises at least: 1) an alkali neutralized product of a copolymer containing constituent units of: (i) at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of alkene, styrene, styrene derivatives, vinyl naphthalene, and vinyl naphthalene derivatives; (ii) at least one monomer selected from monomers containing an acidic group that ion dissociate; and (iii) at least one ?,?-ethylenic unsaturated carboxylic acid alkyl ester; 2) a pigment; and 3) an aqueous medium, wherein the alkali neutralized product of the copolymer in the aqueous ink composition forms micelle aggregations with an average diameter being set in the range of 10 nm to 300 nm. A manufacturing method of the aqueous ink composition and an image forming method using the aqueous ink composition are also provided.

Abstract: An optical waveguide module includes a light emitting element which outputs light, a light receiving element which monitors an output of the light emitting element, and an optical waveguide film having a waveguide core which has a notched portion having an optical path changing surface that changes an optical path of part of the light. The light emitting element is coupled to an end portion of the optical waveguide film, and the light receiving element is provided to face a position of the optical waveguide film from where the part of the light whose optical path has been changed by the optical path changing surface exits.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bidirectional communication optical waveguide which can adopt a configuration in which light sources having the same wavelengths are used and stray light is not inputted to either a light emitting device or a light receiving device, and the bidirectional communication optical waveguide realizes a bidirectional communication module. The bidirectional communication optical waveguide includes a main waveguide core and a sub-waveguide core. A main inclined plane is provided in a midway of an optical path in the main waveguide core. The sub-waveguide core is provided with a sub-inclined plane in one end portion, and is close to or in contact with the main waveguide core such that the sub-inclined plane and the main inclined plane face each other.

Abstract: A flexible optical waveguide having a core in which light propagates; and a cladding portion with a smaller refractive index than the core, that surrounds the core, wherein the flexible optical waveguide has a flexible portion between both end portions thereof, and at least one end portion of the both end portions is more solid than the flexible portion, is provided, which flexible optical waveguide, while assuring flexibility, can be mounted with high accuracy.

Abstract: A sub-mount for mounting optical components includes a recess for mounting whose side wall is tapered. A light transmission and reception module includes the sub-mount for mounting optical component. The sub-mount is manufactured by forming a master mold of the sub-mount formed with projections and recesses including the recess for mounting of the sub-mount, applying liquid silicone rubber to the mater mold, curing the liquid silicone rubber to produce a mold for duplication, filling the curable material into the mold for duplication, curing the curable material, and separating the cured curable material from the mold for duplication.

Abstract: An optical waveguide film that can supply power at extremely low cost, and a light transmission and reception module using this film are provided. A macromolecular optical waveguide film is composed of a square-shaped waveguide core which extends in a film length direction, a conductive wires which extends in the film length direction and is arranged in parallel with the waveguide core, and a cladding which surrounds the waveguide core and the conductive wire. The two conductive wires are provided, and the waveguide core is provided between the two conductive wires.

Abstract: A sub-mount includes a recess for holding a polymer optical waveguide film and recesses for embedding and holding a light emitting element and a light detecting element. The sub-mount further has an adhesive filling groove formed adjacent to respective recesses. When mounting the polymer optical waveguide film, the light emitting element, and the light detecting element onto the sub-mount, an adhesive is accurately applied and is prevented from flowing out as the adhesive filling grooves are provided.

Abstract: A flexible optical element useful for optical wiring is provided, in which a light emitting portion is disposed to a core end face of a flexible polymeric optical waveguide channel sheet having a film substrate clad, a core and a clad layer covering the core. A method which enables of manufacturing the optical element in a simple and convenient manner at a low cost is also provided.

Abstract: A polymeric optical waveguide module has: a light-emitting element; a polymeric optical waveguide film having a lower clad, a core, an upper clad, an optical path changing mirror surface provided at one end of the polymeric optical waveguide film and a guided light leakage portion on at least one of a lower surface of the core and an upper surface of the lower clad; and a monitoring light-receiving element that monitors light emitted from the light-emitting element. The light-emitting element, the polymeric optical waveguide film and the monitoring light-receiving element are aligned with each other so that the light emitted from the light-emitting element is reflected by the optical path changing mirror surface to be guided through the core and part of the light emitted from the light-emitting element is received by the monitoring light-receiving element via the guided light leakage portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical waveguide, which at least includes: a waveguide core having a cavity therein; and a clad which encloses the periphery of the waveguide core and has a smaller refractive index than the waveguide core, wherein the optical waveguide changes a direction of a part or all of propagated light by using a part or all of an interface between the waveguide core and the cavity as a reflecting surface. The present invention further provides a method for manufacturing the optical waveguide, which at least includes: forming a core having a cavity therein on a substrate; applying an uncured clad material to a side surface and an upper portion of the core while maintaining the cavity which allows an atmospheric gas to be present in the cavity; and curing the clad material by heat or light to seal the gas in the cavity.

Abstract: A light transmission and reception module includes: a belt-shaped macromolecular optical waveguide film having an optical waveguide, an optical transmitter having a light emitting element and a first sub-mount for holding the light emitting element, for holding one end of the macromolecular optical waveguide film on the first sub-mount so that a light emitted from the light emitting element may be coupled to an incident end surface of the optical waveguide, and an optical receiver having a light detecting element and a second sub-mount for holding the light detecting element, for holding the other end of the macromolecular optical waveguide film on the second sub-mount so that the light emitted from an exit end surface of the optical waveguide may be received in the light detecting element.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for fabricating a polymer optical waveguide device, the method at least includes: preparing a mold including a cured resin layer of a mold forming curing resin and having a concave portion correspondent to a core portion of an optical waveguide formed therein; attaching the mold to a cladding base material; filling the concave portion of the mold with a core forming curing resin; hardening the core forming curing resin to form a cured core portion; forming a space or a groove for placing an optical device in a middle part in the waveguide direction of the core portion such that the optical device cuts across the core portion; inserting and positioning the optical device in a predetermined position of the space or groove; and conducting an optical bonding between an optical pathway portion of the optical device and the core portion.