Abstract: A 1,3-thiazole compound substituted at the 5-position by a pyridyl group optionally having substituent(s) has a superior p38 MAP kinase inhibitory activity and TNF-? production inhibitory activity.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the formula: wherein R1 and R2 are hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group, or R1 and R2 may form, together with the adjacent carbon atom, a 3- to 8-membered homocyclic or heterocyclic ring, W indicates (i) a group represented by the formula: wherein ring B indicates a 5- to 7-membered ring, or (ii) a group represented by the formula: wherein R4 indicates (1) an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, which may be substituted with an aromatic group, or (2) an acyl group containing an aromatic group, R5 is hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl, or an acyl group, provided that, when W is Wa, R3 is hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group, when W is Wb, R3 indicates a C6-14 aryl group, or salts thereof or prodrugs thereof have an excellent action to inhibit neurodegeneration and the like as well as an excellent brain penetrability and are low in the toxicity, thereby being useful as prophylactic or therapeutic drugs for nerve degenerative diseases and the li

Abstract: A PKB (Akt) activating agent comprising a compound represented by the formula (I): wherein R1 and R2: H, a hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group or R1 and R2 form a ring in cooperation with the adjacent carbon atom; R3: H, a hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group; W: represents a group represented by the formulas: wherein ring A: an optionally substituted benzene ring; ring B: an optionally substituted 5- to 7-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycle; R4: an aliphatic hydrocarbon group substituted with an aromatic group and further optionally substituted, or an acyl group containing an aromatic group; R5: H, C1-6 alkyl or acyl; R4c: an aromatic group, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or acyl; and X:O or S; Y:O, S or NH; and ring C: an optionally substituted benzene ring, or a salt or a prodrug thereof, and use of the activating agent in prevention or treatment of depression, anxiety, manic-depressive psychosis or PTSD are provided.

Abstract: It is intended to provide agents for treating mild cognitive impairment which comprise compounds having an effect of inhibiting the production, secretion, aggregation, and/or accumulation of ?-amyloid proteins, prodrugs thereof or salts of the same and inhibit the progress of mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease using the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of pain, an agent for suppressing activation of osteoclast, and an inhibitor of osteoclast formation, which contains a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor and/or a TNF-? production inhibitor.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula: wherein Ring A is a non-aromatic 5- to 7-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring which may be further substituted, Ring B is benzene ring which is further substituted, Ring C is a dihydrofuran-ring which may be further substituted and R is hydrogen atom or an acyl group or a salt thereof has an excellent lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity and is useful as a lipid peroxidation inhibitor.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula: 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to a c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor containing an azole compound (I) substituted by a nitrogen-containing aromatic group having substituent(s)(except a compound represented by the formula: 1

Abstract: (1) A 1,3-thiazole compound of which the 5-position is substituted with a 4-pyridyl group having a substituent including no aromatic group or (2) a 1,3-thiazole compound of which the 5-position is substituted with a pyridyl group having at the position adjacent to a nitrogen atom of the pyridyl group a substituent including no aromatic group has an excellent p38 MAP kinase inhibitory activity.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for antagonizing adenosine at adenosine A3 receptors which comprises a 1,3-azole compound substituted on the 4- or 5-position, or both, by a pyridyl which may be substituted is provided and can be used as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent for asthma, allergosis, inflammation, and so on.

Abstract: Compounds represented by general formula (I): and salts thereof, exhibiting excellent adenosine A3 receptor antagonism: wherein A is an optionally substituted benzene ring; B may be further substituted; and R1 is an optionally substituted cyclic group.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the formula: wherein R1 and R2 are hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group, or R1 and R2 may form, together with the adjacent carbon atom, a 3- to 8-membered homocyclic or heterocyclic ring, W indicates (i) a group represented by the formula:  wherein ring B indicates a 5- to 7-membered ring, or (ii) a group represented by the formula:  wherein R4 indicates (1) an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, which may be substituted with an aromatic group, or (2) an acyl group containing an aromatic group, R5 is hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl, or an acyl group, provided that, when W is Wa, R3 is hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group, when W is Wb, R3 indicates a C6-14 aryl group, or salts thereof or prodrugs thereof have an excellent action to inhibit neurodegeneration and the like as well as an excellent brain penetrability and are low in the toxicity, thereby being useful as prophylactic or thera

Abstract: Compounds represented by the formula: 1

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for antagonizing adenosine at adenosine A3 receptors which comprises a 1,3-azole compound substituted on the 4- or 5-position, or both, by a pyridyl which may be substituted is provided and can be used as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent for asthma, allergosis, inflammation, and so on.

Abstract: A compound of the formula wherein R1 is H or a substituent; m is 1-3; Ar is an aromatic group which may be substituted; X is a bond or a divalent straight-chain group having 1-6 atoms which may be substituted; Y is —S—, —O—, or —N(R2)— (R2 is H or a substituent group), Z is —N═ or —C(R3)═ (R3 is H or a hydrocarbon group), ring A is a benzene ring; ring B is a 5- to 7-membered ring which may be substituted, or a salt thereof is useful for eliciting a prostaglandin I2 receptor agonistic effect.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing sleep disorders which comprises (S)-N-[2-(1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-indeno[5,4-b]furan-8-yl)ethyl]propionamide in combination with at least one active component selected from zolpidem, zopiclone, triazolam and brotizolam.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: 1

Abstract: A compound of the formula: wherein R1 is H or a substituent; m is 1-3; Ar is an aromatic group which may be substituted; X is a bond or a divalent straight-chain group having 1-6 atoms which may be substituted; Y is —S—, —O—, or —N(R2— (R2 is H or a substituent group), Z is —N═ or —C(R3)═ (R3 is H or a hydrocarbon group), ring A is a benzene ring; ring B is a 5- to 7-membered ring which may be substituted, or a salt thereof is useful for eliciting a prostaglandin I2 receptor agonistic effect.

Abstract: A compound of the formula wherein R1 and R2 are H, a hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group, or R1 and R2 are combinedly a spiro ring; R3 is a hydrocarbon group, a substituted amino group, a substituted hydroxyl group or a heterocyclic group; R4 is H or alkyl; ring A is a substituted benzene ring; m and n denote 1 to 4; {overscore (.........)} means a single or double bond or a salt, a process of producing thereof and a composition having a binding affinity for melatonin receptor.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: wherein R1 is an optionally substituted hydrocarbon, amino or heterocyclic group; R2 is H or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group; R3 is H or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon or heterocyclic group; X is CHR4, NR4, O or S in which R4 is H or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group; Y is C, CH or N; ring A is optionally substituted 5- to 7-membered ring; ring B is an optionally substituted benzene ring; and m is 1 to 4, or a salt thereof, a process for producing it, an intermediate for the production and a pharmaceutical composition comprising it are provided.