Abstract: In a contactless IC card system, a modulating circuit manufactured in an IC form is operable in a high power efficiency. The demodulating apparatus is arranged by: first signal output means for outputting a first output signal having a predetermined phase with respect to that of an input signal; a second signal output means for outputting a second output signal having a predetermined phase with respect to that of the input signal; gate means for gating at least the second output signal; calculation means for adding, or subtracting the first output signal and the second output signal; and control means for controlling the operation of the gate means in response to a logic level of input data.

Abstract: In a contactless IC card system, a modulating circuit manufactured in an IC form is operable at a high power efficiency. The demodulating apparatus is configured to include first signal output means for outputting a first output signal having a predetermined phase with respect to that of an input signal, a second signal output means for outputting a second output signal having a predetermined phase with respect to that of the input signal, gate means for gating at least the second output signal, calculation means for adding, or subtracting the first output signal and the second output signal; and control means for controlling the operation of the gate means in response to a logic level of input data.

Abstract: An IC card and an IC card system for transmitting a signal modulated with a desired data sequence. In the IC card, a reference signal having the same frequency as a carrier of a transmission signal received by an antenna and phase-synchronized with the carrier is formed, and a response data sequence corresponding to the desired data sequence is sent out from the antenna by modulating the reference signal with the response data sequence in a phase shift keying manner.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for providing communication with a higher communication rate while maintaining the occupied frequency band narrow, a signal processing unit of a reader/writer unit Biphase Shift Keying (BPSK)-modulates data to be transmitted, and thereafter outputs the modulated signal to a modem. The modem Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK)-modulates the modulated signal and outputs the ASK-modulated signal to a first loop coil. The first loop coil generates a magnetic field corresponding to the modulated wave. An IC card converts a part of the magnetic field radiated from the reader/writer unit with another loop coil to generate a power source from the electrical signal, and also extracts the data transmitted. In the case of transmitting the data to the reader/writer unit, a load of another loop coil is changed in accordance with the data. The reader/writer unit detects, with the first loop coil, any change in load of another loop coil of the IC card magnetically coupled with the first loop coil.

Abstract: The recognition pattern device is intended to improve the recognition ratio. In a pre-processing unit 3, an input pattern is prepared based on the image taken from a video camera 1. Then, in a comparing processing unit 4, the input pattern is compared with a basic pattern stored in a function learning storing unit, and the deformed amount of the input pattern to the basic pattern is calculated. Thus, in a deformed amount analysis unit, the deformed amount is analyzed. Finally, in a person's information learning storing unit, on the basis of the above result, the standard pattern stored therein is regenerated.