Abstract: A battery system includes a main control module and a battery pack. The battery pack includes a plurality of battery modules. During the transition of mode switching, each of the battery modules outputs a constant current. The battery modules monitor the battery status of the battery modules respectively. Based on a load requirement, the battery status of the battery modules and a conversion efficiency, the main control module dynamically controls a voltage conversion operation mode of a voltage converter of the battery system and dynamically controls the operation modes of the battery modules respectively.

Abstract: A battery module includes a crystal lattice type battery, a detection circuit, a control circuit and an excitation circuit. The detection circuit is electrically coupled to the battery. The control circuit is electrically coupled to the detection circuit. The excitation circuit is electrically coupled to the control circuit and the battery. When the battery is charged or discharged, the detection circuit is configured to detect an impedance of the battery. The control circuit is configured to compare the impedance and a threshold. And the control circuit is configured to produce a control signal. The excitation circuit is configured to selectively provide an excitation signal to the battery according to the control signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a semiconductor memory device, includes at least one static random access memory (SRAM) cell, wherein the SRAM cell includes a first pick-up node, and a dielectric oxide SRAM (DOSRAM), disposed in a first dielectric layer and disposed above the SRAM cell when viewed in a cross section view, wherein the DOSRAM includes an oxide semiconductor filed effect transistor (OSFET) and a capacitor, a source of the OSFET is electrically connected to the first pick-up node of the SRAM cell through a via structure, and at least parts of the first dielectric layer are disposed between the source of the OSFET and the via structure, and the capacitor is disposed above the OSFET and electrically connected to a drain of the OSFET when viewed in the cross section view.

Abstract: A battery control method based on ageing-adaptive operation window is provided, including: performing a multi-dimensional electrochemical impedance spectrum method to obtain a three-dimensional Nyquist-vs-SoC relation diagram; using an equivalent circuit model to analyze the Nyquist-vs-SoC diagram to obtain at least a major ageing factor; defining an operation window stress index, and based on the stress index defining a plurality of control reference points for the battery operation window; and based on the plurality of control points, performing the control of battery discharging.

Abstract: A battery system includes a main control module and a battery pack. The battery pack includes a plurality of battery modules. During the transition of mode switching, each of the battery modules outputs a constant current. The battery modules monitor the battery status of the battery modules respectively. Based on a load requirement, the battery status of the battery modules and a conversion efficiency, the main control module dynamically controls a voltage conversion operation mode of a voltage converter of the battery system and dynamically controls the operation modes of the battery modules respectively.

Abstract: A charger apparatus and a charging method are provided for charging/discharging battery modules connected in series. The chargers of the charger apparatus are grouped at least into a first charger group and a second charger group. The first terminal of the first charger of the first charger group is coupled to the positive terminal of the i-th battery module of the battery modules, and the second terminal of the first charger is coupled to a first node between the j-th battery module and the k-th battery module of the battery modules, wherein j ranges between i and k. The first terminal of the second charger of the second charger group is coupled to a second node between the i-th battery module and the j-th battery module, and the second terminal of the second charger is coupled to the negative terminal of the k-th battery module.

Abstract: A battery control method based on ageing-adaptive operation window is provided, including: performing a multi-dimensional electrochemical impedance spectrum method to obtain a three-dimensional Nyquist-vs-SoC relation diagram; using an equivalent circuit model to analyze the Nyquist-vs-SoC diagram to obtain at least a major ageing factor; defining an operation window stress index, and based on the stress index defining a plurality of control reference points for the battery operation window; and based on the plurality of control points, performing the control of battery discharging.

Abstract: A power management method for electro-chemical batteries in low capacity state is provided, including: obtaining battery information based on device hardware, to know in advance the maximum allowable current and maximum allowable power when the battery power is low; by detecting the changes in the voltage versus current, updating BCC curve; using BCC curve as power budget to control the ON/OFF of device function thread; and determining whether the minimum battery capacity and the control restriction are reached, and when the minimum battery capacity and the control restriction are reached, turn off the battery through normal shutdown process; otherwise, return to the step of obtaining battery information.

Abstract: A battery pack and a method for controlling charge-and-discharge of the battery pack by its thermoelectric property are provided, in which the battery pack has a plurality of thermal regions divided by different ranges of temperature. The battery pack includes a plurality of parallel-connected battery groups and a plurality of variable resistances. The parallel-connected battery groups are located in the thermal regions respectively, and each of the parallel-connected battery groups includes batteries connected in parallel. The variable resistances are disposed between two parallel-connected battery groups.

Abstract: A charger apparatus and a charging method are provided for charging/discharging battery modules connected in series. The chargers of the charger apparatus are grouped at least into a first charger group and a second charger group. The first terminal of the first charger of the first charger group is coupled to the positive terminal of the i-th battery module of the battery modules, and the second terminal of the first charger is coupled to a first node between the j-th battery module and the k-th battery module of the battery modules, wherein j ranges between i and k. The first terminal of the second charger of the second charger group is coupled to a second node between the i-th battery module and the j-th battery module, and the second terminal of the second charger is coupled to the negative terminal of the k-th battery module.

Abstract: A power management method for electro-chemical batteries in low capacity state is provided, including: obtaining battery information based on device hardware, to know in advance the maximum allowable current and maximum allowable power when the battery power is low; by detecting the changes in the voltage versus current, updating BCC curve; using BCC curve as power budget to control the ON/OFF of device function thread; and determining whether the minimum battery capacity and the control restriction are reached, and when the minimum battery capacity and the control restriction are reached, turn off the battery through normal shutdown process; otherwise, return to the step of obtaining battery information.

Abstract: A battery pack and a method for controlling charge-and-discharge of the battery pack by its thermoelectric property are provided, in which the battery pack has a plurality of thermal regions divided by different ranges of temperature. The battery pack includes a plurality of parallel-connected battery groups and a plurality of variable resistances. The parallel-connected battery groups are located in the thermal regions respectively, and each of the parallel-connected battery groups includes batteries connected in parallel. The variable resistances are disposed between two parallel-connected battery groups.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention provides a fuel supply control system to control a fuel cell system to work in a predetermined temperature range by controlling a fuel supply rate. The fuel supply control system includes a fuel supply controller and a fuel supply device. The fuel supply controller calculates a temperature variation slope to generate a first fuel supply rate by increasing or decreasing the predetermined fuel supply rate according to the relationship of system temperature and predetermined working temperature, and controls a fuel delivering rate of the fuel supply device according to the first fuel supply rate.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention provides a fuel supply control system to control a fuel cell system to work in a predetermined temperature range by controlling a fuel supply rate. The fuel supply control system includes a fuel supply controller and a fuel supply device. The fuel supply controller calculates a temperature variation slope to generate a first fuel supply rate by increasing or decreasing the predetermined fuel supply rate according to the relationship of system temperature and predetermined working temperature, and controls a fuel delivering rate of the fuel supply device according to the first fuel supply rate.