Abstract: A sensor comprises a light source that emits light, a light receiver for receiving light, a sampling unit for binding the target of interest disposed between the light source and the light receiver, a light selecting unit for allowing light of a predetermined wavelength be received by the light receiver, and a detector configured to generate an electrical signal, and the magnitude of which reflects the amount of light that is received by the light receiver. The sampling unit comprises a substrate, a material disposed on the substrate, and a probe disposed on the material and configured to bind to the target of interest. The sampling unit is configured such that the probe is in the path of the light emitted by the light source.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure set forth an apparatus of a sensor for detecting a target of interest. One example apparatus may comprise a substrate, a material disposed on the substrate and a probe disposed on the material. The probe is configured to bind to the target of interest and scatter light emitted from a light source when the target of interest is bound to the probe.

Abstract: A method of fabricating semiconductor devices is disclosed. The method comprises providing a substrate with a plurality of epitaxial layers mounted on the substrate and separating the substrate from the plurality of epitaxial layers while the plurality of epitaxial layers is intact. This preserves the electrical, optical, and mechanical properties of the plurality of epitaxial layers.

Abstract: A system for compensating a thermal effect is provided and includes a substrate structure and a microcantilever. The substrate structure includes a first piezoresistor. The first piezoresistor is buried in the substrate structure and has a first piezoresistance having a first relation to a first variable temperature. The microcantilever has the thermal effect and a second piezoresistance having a second relation to the first variable temperature, wherein the thermal effect is compensated based on the first and the second relations.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure set forth a biosensor for detecting a target. One example sensor includes a first electrode. The first electrode includes a first electron conducting molecule and a first probe. The first probe includes a second electron conducting molecule. The first probe is configured to bind to the target of interest in solution. The first and second electron conducting molecules are different.

Abstract: A light emitting device is disclosed that has a plurality of epitaxial layers including an active layer, at least one of a reflective layer and an ohmic contact on a first side of the epitaxial layers; and a layer of a conductive metal on a second side of the epitaxial layers and having a light emitting surface. A terminal is on the light emitting surface, the terminal comprising an array for diffusing electrical current and minimizing its effect on light output. The array may have a bonding pad, an outer portion, and a joining portion connecting the bonding pad and the outer portion; the outer portion and the joining portion being for current dissipation.

Abstract: The invention discloses a novel compound effective in inactivating viruses and bacteria. The compound, 2-(10-mercaptodecyl)-propanedioic acid or salts thereof, is shown to disrupt, break down or inactivate viruses and bacteria, thus suppressing infection and proliferation thereof in host cells. A method of chemically synthesizing the novel compound is also disclosed.

Abstract: A system for compensating a thermal effect is provided and includes a substrate structure and a microcantilever. The substrate structure includes a first piezoresistor. The first piezoresistor is buried in the substrate structure and has a first piezoresistance having a first relation to a first variable temperature. The microcantilever has the thermal effect and a second piezoresistance having a second relation to the first variable temperature, wherein the thermal effect is compensated based on the first and the second relations.

Abstract: The invention discloses a novel compound effective in inactivating viruses and bacteria. The compound, 2-(10-mercaptodecyl)-propanedioic acid or salts thereof, is shown to disrupt, break down or inactivate viruses and bacteria, thus suppressing infection and proliferation thereof in host cells. A method of chemically synthesizing the novel compound is also disclosed.

Abstract: A sensor system for electrosensing an antigen in a test sample is disclosed. The sensor system has two electrodes electrically disconnected and physically separated from each other, and a layer of antibody is immobilized on the surface of the electrodes. The antibody has specific binding reactivity with the antigen. Conductivity promotion molecules suspended in a buffer solution may be distributed over and/or between the antibody-populated electrodes for improving electrical conductivity characteristics across the two electrodes. The antibody captures the antigen present in the test sample mixed in the buffer solution that comes into contact with the antibody-populated electrodes. This alters the electrical conductivity characteristic across the two electrodes in which an amount representative of the altering provides an indication for electrosensing of the antigen.

Abstract: A sensor for electrosensing an antigen in a test sample is disclosed. The sensor has two electrodes electrically disconnected and physically separated from each other, and a layer of antibody is immobilized on the surface of at least one of the electrodes. The antibody has specific binding reactivity with the antigen. Conductivity promotion molecules may be tethered over and/or distributed between the antibody-populated electrodes for improving electrical conductivity characteristics across the two electrodes. The antibody captures the antigen present in the test sample mixed in a buffer solution that comes into contact with the antibody-populated electrodes. This alters the electrical conductivity characteristic across the two electrodes in which an amount representative of the altering provides an indication for electrosensing of the antigen.

Abstract: A method of electrosensing an antigen in a test sample using a sensor is disclosed. The sensor has two electrodes electrically disconnected and physically separated from each other and a layer of antibody immobilized on the surface of at least one of the electrodes. The antibody has specific binding reactivity with the antigen. The method comprises tethering conductivity promotion molecules over and/or distributing between the antibody-populated electrodes for improving electrical conductivity characteristics across the two electrodes, and measuring electrically across the electrodes after the test sample comes into contact with the antibody-populated electrodes. The antibody captures the antigen present in the test sample thereby altering the improved electrical conductivity characteristic across the two electrodes in which an amount representative of the altering providing an indication for electrosensing of the antigen.

Abstract: A sensor for electrosensing an antigen in a test sample is disclosed. The sensor has two electrodes electrically disconnected and physically separated from each other, a layer of antibody immobilized on the surface of at least one of said electrodes. The antibody has specific binding reactivity with the antigen. Conductivity promotion molecules are conjugated with the antibody to improve electrical conductivity characteristics across the two electrodes. The antibody captures the antigen present in the test sample mixed in a buffer solution that comes into contact with the antibody-populated electrodes. This alters the electrical conductivity characteristic across the two electrodes in which an amount representative of the altering provides an indication for electrosensing of the antigen.

Abstract: A method of fabricating semiconductor devices is disclosed. The method comprises providing a substrate with a plurality of epitaxial layers mounted on the substrate and separating the substrate from the plurality of epitaxial layers while the plurality of epitaxial layers is intact. This preserves the electrical, optical, and mechanical properties of the plurality of epitaxial layers.

Abstract: A high-precision vortex flow meter includes a blunt body having a predetermined dimension and being arranged inside a fluid channel to serve as a vortex shedder. The vortex flow meter also includes a temperature detecting device for detecting the vortex shedder temperature and a temperature control element for adjusting the vortex shedder temperature. A frequency measuring device is arranged in the downstream section of the blunt body for detecting the vortex shedding frequency. From the measured temperatures of the upstream fluid flow and that of the blunt body, an effective temperature and a temperature ratio are calculated. The kinematic viscosity of the fluid is looked up from database. By using the relationship between the Strouhal number and Reynolds number, the fluid flow rate is calculated. By employing different blunt body temperature, the measurement range of the flow meter can be broadly extended.

Abstract: A high-precision vortex flow meter includes a blunt body having a predetermined dimension and being arranged inside a fluid channel to serve as a vortex shedder. The vortex flow meter also includes a temperature detecting device for detecting the vortex shedder temperature and a temperature control element for adjusting the vortex shedder temperature. A frequency measuring device is arranged in the downstream section of the blunt body for detecting the vortex shedding frequency. From the measured temperatures of the upstream fluid flow and that of the blunt body, an effective temperature and a temperature ratio are calculated. The kinematic viscosity of the fluid is looked up from database. By using the relationship between the Strouhal number and Reynolds number, the fluid flow rate is calculated. By employing different blunt body temperature, the measurement range of the flow meter can be broadly extended.

Abstract: A biomolecular sensor system utilizing a transverse propagation wave of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is described. The system comprises: a substrate; a dielectric layer, having a groove therein and standing on top of the substrate; a sensing film layer, sitting at the groove; a pair of prism devices, each resting on one side of the groove and both separating a tunable distance. Besides, the sensor system further comprises a light source, a light detector (a frontend of which connecting to a spectrometer and a backend connecting to a differential amplifier) and a channel with a cover forming inside the groove for the acquisition of the reflected light from the prism devices. Since the sensor system is constructed by exploiting the SPR technique on the transverse propagation, a whole contact surface is under detection (parallel detection) which differentiates it from the traditional method of single-area SPR detection.

Abstract: A microarray biochip workstation allowing positioning of chips, immobilization of molecules, mixing of sample solution, molecular interactions and washing and processing qualitative and quantitative analyses consists of a positioning device for holding a biochip, a mixing device for acting on the sample solution applied on the biochip, a pumping device for removing the sample solution from the biochip surface that does not react, and a reading device for detecting reaction results of the biochip. The workstation thus constructed provides an integrated and effective work interface.

Abstract: A biomolecular sensor system utilizing a transverse propagation wave of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is described. The system comprises: a substrate; a dielectric layer, having a groove therein and standing on top of the substrate; a sensing film layer, sitting at the groove; a pair of prism devices, each resting on one side of the groove and both separating a tunable distance. Besides, the sensor system further comprises a light source, a light detector (a frontend of which connecting to a spectrometer and a backend connecting to a differential amplifier) and a channel with a cover forming inside the groove for the acquisition of the reflected light from the prism devices. Since the sensor system is constructed by exploiting the SPR technique on the transverse propagation, a whole contact surface is under detection (parallel detection) which differentiates it from the traditional method of single-area SPR detection.

Abstract: A symmetric or asymmetric multilayer structure based on the technique of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) has been applied for modulation of resonant angle and wavelength. The fabrication of this invention can have nanoscale thin film layers up to several hundreds, while each layer has its own material of a high or low refractive index value, and the total layers in a thickness of tens to hundreds nanometers are grown in this single structure. This invention is intended for optimizing the scanning of mechanism by modulating SPR resonant angle and wavelength, and for developing the prospect of portable instruments.