Abstract: Counting accuracy of colonies is improved. A colony counting device captures a test individual to generate an image of the test individual, registers the image of the test individual in an initial state as a reference image, identifies a residue included in the reference image and identifies a position of the residue in a test image corresponding to the residue included in the reference image based on a displacement of each of two or more common characteristic portions between the reference image and the test image that is an image of the test individual after culturing, and counts the number of colonies while excluding the residue from a count as a colony based on the position of the residue.

Abstract: To mitigate burden on a user regarding counting colonies. A colony counting device stores a count table including a cell to which a count result of each of a plurality of test individuals is input, displays the stored count table on a display device, identifies a target cell to which the count result is input from among a plurality of the cells included in the count table, acquires a test image that is an image of the test individual, acquires the test image according to a counting instruction, counts colonies included in the test individual based on the test image, and reflects the number of the colonies counted on the target cell.

Abstract: A magnified observation apparatus includes an illuminator, a feature quantity calculator, and an illumination controller. The illumination controller selectively performs first and second sequences. In the first sequence, the illuminator is operated in the first lighting pattern, and a display is operated to display a live image of the observation object that is irradiated with the first lighting pattern by a display controller. In the second sequence, the illuminator is operated in the second lighting pattern as at least one of the different illumination directions that is selected based on the feature quantities of the image data, which are calculated correspondingly to the different illumination directions by the feature quantity calculator, and the display is operated to display by the display controller an image of the observation object that is captured when the observation object is irradiated with the second lighting pattern.

Abstract: A magnified observation apparatus includes an FOV changer, an in-focus degree evaluator, and a focus sequence executor. The in-focus degree evaluator calculates in-focus degree feature quantities, which represent in-focus degrees of image data corresponding to images to be displayed by a display controller on a display. The focus sequence executor executes an FOV-moving focus sequence in which a focusing device adjusts a relative distance between a focus position of the objective lens and an observation object in accordance with in-focus degree feature quantities of image data that are successively calculated by the in-focus degree evaluator corresponding to images of the observation object that are captured during movement of an observation FOV by the FOV changer so that a live image of the observation object is displayed on the display based on image data that is obtained during the movement of an observation FOV by the display controller.

Abstract: An emitting section of a light projecting section is provided to surround an optical axis of an objective lens of a lens unit. The optical axis of the emitting section is substantially the same as the optical axis of the objective lens. Ring illumination is irradiated on the observation target from the emitting section and light from the observation target is received by an imaging section via the objective lens, whereby first original image data is generated. Directional illumination is irradiated on the observation target from the emitting section and the light from the observation target is received by the imaging section via the objective lens, whereby second original image data is generated. Image data for display indicating an image of the observation target that should be obtained when it is assumed that light in a specific emitting direction is irradiated on the observation target is generated.

Abstract: Lights in a plurality of emitting directions different from one another are selectively irradiated on the observation target from a light projecting section. A plurality of image data indicating images of the observation target at the time when the lights in the plurality of emitting directions are respectively irradiated on the observation target are generated by an imaging section. An imaginary emitting direction of light is designated on the basis of operation of an operation section by the user. Image data for display indicating an image of the observation target that should be obtained when it is assumed that the light in the designated emitting direction is irradiated on the observation target is generated on the basis of the designated emitting direction and the plurality of image data generated by the imaging section. The image based on the generated image data for display is displayed on the display section.

Abstract: Light in a first emitting direction is irradiated on an observation target from a light projecting section and light from the observation target is received by an imaging section via an objective lens while a focal position of the light is changed in an optical axis direction of the objective lens, whereby a plurality of first original image data are generated in a plurality of focal positions. Light in a second emitting direction different from the first emitting direction is irradiated on the observation target from the light projecting section, whereby a plurality of second original image data are generated. First and second focused image data are respectively acquired on the basis of the pluralities of first and second original image data.

Abstract: Light in a first emitting direction is irradiated on an observation target from a light projecting section and light from the observation target is received by an imaging section via an objective lens while a focal position of the light is changed in an optical axis direction of the objective lens, whereby a plurality of first original image data are generated in a plurality of focal positions. Light in a second emitting direction different from the first emitting direction is irradiated on the observation target from the light projecting section, whereby a plurality of second original image data are generated. First and second focused image data are respectively acquired on the basis of the pluralities of first and second original image data.

Abstract: Lights in a plurality of emitting directions different from one another are selectively irradiated on the observation target from a light projecting section. A plurality of image data indicating images of the observation target at the time when the lights in the plurality of emitting directions are respectively irradiated on the observation target are generated by an imaging section. An imaginary emitting direction of light is designated on the basis of operation of an operation section by the user. Image data for display indicating an image of the observation target that should be obtained when it is assumed that the light in the designated emitting direction is irradiated on the observation target is generated on the basis of the designated emitting direction and the plurality of image data generated by the imaging section. The image based on the generated image data for display is displayed on the display section.

Abstract: An emitting section of a light projecting section is provided to surround an optical axis of an objective lens of a lens unit. The optical axis of the emitting section is substantially the same as the optical axis of the objective lens. Ring illumination is irradiated on the observation target from the emitting section and light from the observation target is received by an imaging section via the objective lens, whereby first original image data is generated. Directional illumination is irradiated on the observation target from the emitting section and the light from the observation target is received by the imaging section via the objective lens, whereby second original image data is generated. Image data for display indicating an image of the observation target that should be obtained when it is assumed that light in a specific emitting direction is irradiated on the observation target is generated.

Abstract: Provided is an image processing apparatus and an image processing program which are capable of selectively and readily acquiring a geometrical physical quantity of a desired measuring portion. An object image is displayed based on object image data, and a measuring portion designating image corresponding to a specific portion of the object image is displayed based on designating image data. By operation of an operation part by a user, the displayed measuring portion designating image is moved relatively to the object image. When the measuring portion designating image is moved to a specific portion of the object image, a geometrical physical quantity of a measuring portion of the measuring object, previously set so as to correspond to that specific portion, is measured.

Abstract: Provided is an image processing apparatus and an image processing program which are capable of selectively and readily acquiring a geometrical physical quantity of a desired measuring portion. An object image is displayed based on object image data, and a measuring portion designating image corresponding to a specific portion of the object image is displayed based on designating image data. By operation of an operation part by a user, the displayed measuring portion designating image is moved relatively to the object image. When the measuring portion designating image is moved to a specific portion of the object image, a geometrical physical quantity of a measuring portion of the measuring object, previously set so as to correspond to that specific portion, is measured.

Abstract: N-aralkylmoranoline and N-aralkenylmoranoline, and their pharmaceutical acceptable non-toxic acid addition salts thereof, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same and methods of inhibiting the increase in blood sugar level by administration of the same.

Abstract: Glutamine derivatives and non-toxic salts thereof have been found to have immunomodulating activities.

Abstract: 4-(3-Aryloxy-2-hydroxypropyl)piperazines bearing a carbamyl group in the 1-position are .beta.-adrenergic blockers. A typical example is 1-carbamyl-4-{3-[2-allyl-3-(2-carbethoxyaminoethyl)phenoxy]-2-hydroxypropy l}piperazine.

Abstract: Quinolinecarboxylic acid derivatives, such as compound 7-fluoro-8-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-5-oxo-1,2-dihydro-5H-thiazolo(3,2-a)-q uinoline-4-carboxylic acid, a pharmaceutical composition containing the same and methods of treatment of bacterial and fungal infections using the same.

Abstract: Oxygenated sterylglycoside derivatives of the formula (I) wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are the same or different and each is hydrogen or lower alkanoyl, Y is ##STR1## and R.sub.5 is 4-methylpentyl, 3-ethyl-4-methylpentyl or 3-ethyl-4-methyl-1-pentenyl are useful for their hemostatic and capillary stabilizing effects.

Abstract: Bisglucosyl moranoline of the formula (I) ##STR1## is useful in inhibiting increase of blood sugar in sugar-loaded animals and humans, and particularly for treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Abstract: Moranoline, or 2-hydroxymethyl-3,4,5-trihydroxy piperidine, is prepared by directly reducing an actinomycetes culture solution containing nojirimycin, followed by isolation, as for example, through the utilization of an ion exchange resin. The corresponding N-methyl derivative can be obtained through the addition of formaldehyde to the culture solution prior to the reduction.

Abstract: Moranolines are produced which are useful for controlling blood sugar levels.