Abstract: Provided are a poor visibility estimation system and a poor visibility estimation method that can estimate poor visibility using a simpler configuration. A center has a change amount calculation unit for calculating the change amounts of operation elements of vehicles. A visibility estimation unit estimates poor visibility on the basis of the change amounts calculated by the change amount calculation unit. The center also has a distribution unit for distributing the estimation results of the visibility estimation unit.

Abstract: An ink-jet printer includes a rotary drum 10, having a dielectric peripheral surface 11, for rotating at a constant speed, a sheet loader 90 for loading a sheet to the rotary drum 10, a sheet holding system for causing the sheet to be held on the peripheral surface 11 of the rotary drum 10, and a print head section 200 for printing an image on the sheet held on the peripheral surface 11 of the rotary drum 10 by jetting ink to the sheet while the rotary drum 10 makes a predetermined number of rotations. Particularly, the sheet holding system includes a charging section 20 and a supplementary charger section 26. The charging section 20 is charges the peripheral surface 11 of the rotary drum 10 on an upstream side of the loading point where the leading end of the sheet loaded by the sheet loader 90 contacts the peripheral surface 11 of the rotary drum 10. The supplementary charger section 26 charges the sheet to supplement the electrostatic attraction force attenuated during the rotation of the rotary drum 10.

Abstract: An ink supplement system comprises a bottle holder unit for holding an ink bottle storing ink and detachably attached thereto, and an ink tank for receiving ink from the ink bottle held by the bottle holder unit. Particularly, the ink bottle includes an ink supply port having a filter affixed to a back thereof, and the bottle holder unit includes an ink supplement pump which suctions ink through the ink supply port of the ink bottle attached to the bottle holder unit so as to supplement the ink into the ink tank.

Abstract: A nozzle unit having a plurality of nozzle heads is vertically moved by an elevating mechanism between a printing position where it prints on a printing surface, and a non-printing position above the printing position and separate from the printing position by a predetermined distance. When the nozzle unit moves to the printing position, it is disengaged from the elevating mechanism to be free from it. The nozzle unit which has moved to the printing position is supported by a head support mechanism to be movable in the main scanning direction.

Abstract: An ink-jet printer includes a rotary drum 10 for rotating at a constant speed, a sheet loader for loading a paper sheet onto the rotary drum 10, a sheet holding system 20 for holding the paper sheet loaded by the sheet loader on the rotary drum 10, and a print head 200 for printing an image by ejecting ink onto the paper sheet which is held on the rotary drum 10 by the sheet holding system 20 and rotated together with the rotary drum 10. In particular, the sheet loader has a pair of loading rollers 91 and 92 for feeding the paper sheet while pinching the paper sheet, and a roller moving mechanism 28 for separating the loading roller 91 from the other loading roller 92 to release the paper sheet after the leading edge of the paper sheet has been held on the rotary drum 10.

Abstract: An ink-jet printer includes a rotary drum for holding a print medium, a print head for printing an image by ejecting ink onto the print medium held on the rotary drum, an ink receiving unit facing the print head at a non-printing time to receive ink ejected from the print head, and an ink collecting section for collecting ink from the ink receiving unit. Particularly, the ink collecting section includes a blade member for wiping out ink which is remaining on the ink receiving unit without being collected after ejection of ink.

Abstract: An ink-jet printer includes a rotary drum 10, having a dielectric peripheral surface 11, for rotating at a constant speed, a sheet loader 90 for loading a sheet to the rotary drum 10, a sheet holding system for causing the sheet to be held on the peripheral surface 11 of the rotary drum 10, and a print head section 200 for printing an image on the sheet held on the peripheral surface 11 of the rotary drum 10 by jetting ink to the sheet while the rotary drum 10 makes a predetermined number of rotations. Particularly, the sheet holding system includes a charging section 20 and a supplementary charger section 26. The charging section 20 is charges the peripheral surface 11 of the rotary drum 10 on an upstream side of the loading point where the leading end of the sheet loaded by the sheet loader 90 contacts the peripheral surface 11 of the rotary drum 10. The supplementary charger section 26 charges the sheet to supplement the electrostatic attraction force attenuated during the rotation of the rotary drum 10.

Abstract: An ink-jet printer includes a rotary drum 10, having a dielectric peripheral surface 11, for rotating at a constant speed, a sheet loader 90 for loading a sheet to the rotary drum 10, a sheet holding system for causing the sheet to be held on the peripheral surface 11 of the rotary drum 10, and a print head section 200 for printing an image on the sheet held on the peripheral surface 11 of the rotary drum 10 by jetting ink to the sheet while the rotary drum 10 makes a predetermined number of rotations. Particularly, the sheet holding system includes a charging section 20 and a supplementary charger section 26. The charging section 20 charges the peripheral surface 11 of the rotary drum 10 on an upstream side of the loading point where the leading end of the sheet loaded by the sheet loader 90 contacts the peripheral surface 11 of the rotary drum 10. The supplementary charger section 26 charges the sheet to supplement the electrostatic attraction force attenuated during the rotation of the rotary drum 10.

Abstract: An apparatus for holding a printing medium on a rotary drum, includes a rotary drum, a suction device, a medium holding mechanism and a medium removing device. The drum has a recess at its outer surface to extend along its rotation center line and rotates at a predetermined speed. A region of the outer surface, which is adjacent to a rearward end of the recess along the rotation direction, is smaller in the diameter than the remaining of the outer surface. The suction device holds by suction the medium onto the outer surface. The holding mechanism has a hook in the recess and selectively drives the hook between close and open positions. At the close position, the hook is placed over the adjacent region while being prevented from radially outwardly projecting from the remaining of the outer surface, and at the open position it is distanced from the adjacent region.

Abstract: Suction ports (14) are provided in one end (15R) of a drum (10), connecting the interior (16) and exterior of the drum (10). Corresponding suction ports (34) are provided at a stationary side (5R), opposing the suction ports (14), respectively. A suction fan (32) is provided, which draws air from the interior (16) of the rotating drum (10) through the corresponding suction ports (34) and the suction ports (14). A printing medium M can be attracted and held onto the outer circumferential surface (11) of the drum (10) by virtue of negative pressure, by utilizing the negative pressure generated in the interior (16) of the drum (10) as the suction fan (32) rotates and a plurality of suction holes (12) extending in a radial direction and connecting the interior and exterior of the drum (10). A damper (38) is provided at the air outlet port of the suction fan (32), for opening and closing the outlet port of the fan (32).

Abstract: An ink-jet printer includes a rotary drum having a peripheral surface with a plurality of suction holes arranged therein for rotating at a constant speed, a sheet loader for loading a paper sheet to the peripheral surface of the rotary drum, a sheet holding system for holding the paper sheet on the peripheral surface of the rotary drum by applying negative suction pressure to the paper sheet via the suction holes, and a print head for printing an image by jetting ink onto the paper sheet. The rotary drum has an outer cylindrical member which serves as the peripheral surface, an inner cylindrical member having a diameter smaller than the outer cylindrical member, and a partitioning wall for fixing the inner cylindrical member in the outer cylindrical member at a uniform distance from the outer cylindrical member and for partitioning the space between the inner cylindrical member and the outer cylindrical member into a plurality of air rooms in a drum rotational direction.

Abstract: An ink-jet printer includes a rotary drum for rotating at a constant speed and holding a paper sheet on its peripheral surface, a print head having ink-jet nozzles aligned in the axial direction of the rotary drum to perform printing by spitting ink from these ink-jet nozzles on the paper sheet rotating together with the rotary drum, and a sheet feed-in mechanism for feeding a paper sheet from a cassette and a manual feed tray to the rotary drum. Particularly, the sheet feed-in mechanism has a loading roller unit for loading the paper sheet to the rotary drum, a pickup section for picking up a paper sheet from one of the cassette and the manual feed tray to strike the leading end of the paper sheet against the loading roller unit, and a control section for controlling the loading roller unit to feed, to the rotary drum, the paper sheet whose posture has been corrected upon strike by the pickup section.

Abstract: An ink-jet printer includes a rotary drum which rotates at a constant speed; a medium holding system which holds a printing medium on the rotary drum; and a print head which prints an image by jetting ink onto a printing medium which is held on the rotary drum by the medium holding system and which rotates along with the rotary drum, while the rotary drum makes a predetermined number (greater than one) of rotations during a printing operation.

Abstract: Novel polypeptide derivatives, acid-addition salts thereof and complexes thereof, having the activities for inhibiting bone calcium absorption, for lowering the blood level of calcium, as analgesics, for inhibiting secretion of the gastric juice.Pharmaceutical composition can be prepared by formulating, at least one of the novel polypeptide derivatives, acid-addition salts thereof and complexes thereof, together with a proteolytic enzyme inhibitors and/or pharmaceutically acceptable acids.The pharmaceutical composition are quite effective as agents for curing hypercalcemia, for curing Peget's disease, for curing osteoporosis, analgetic agent, anti-ulcerative agent and the like.

Abstract: Phenylcarboxylic acid derivatives having a hetero ring in the substituent of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, phenoxy which has a substituent selected from halogen and alkyl, carboxyl, alkylsulfonyloxy, phenylsulfonyloxy optionally substituted by halogen, alkylsulfonyloxyalkoxy, amino, alkanoylamino, benzoylamino, alkenyloxy, phenylalkoxyalkoxy, hydroxyalkoxy, phenylalkoxy having optionally 1 to 3 substituents selected from halogen, alkyl and alkoxy, halogenoalkyl, cycloalkyloxy optionally substituted by hydroxy, alkoxy substituted by cycloalkyl having optionally hydroxy substituent, imidazolylalkyl or imidazolylalkoxy; k is 0 or 1 to 3; or (R.sup.1).sub.k is alkylenedioxy; A is alkylene or alkylenoxy; l is 0 or 1; B is methylene or carbonyl; m is 0 or 1; D is alkylene; E is alkylene or alkenylene; n is 0 or 1; and R.sup.

Abstract: The present invention provides a non-injection type anti-cancer composiiton comprising a 5-fluorouracil type compound and an oxonic acid or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as effective components, the composition being capable of inhibiting inflammation development due to the 5-fluorouracil type compound, and a method of treating a cancer while inhibiting inflammation development due to the 5-fluorouracil type compound.

Abstract: A paper feeding device comprises a tractor including a paper transport member having a circumferential speed set substantially equal to or a little lower than the circumferential speed of a platen, a fulcrum shaft supporting the tractor thereon for pivotal motion between a pushing in position in which the tractor is directed toward a lower portion of an outer periphery of the platen and a pulling position in which the tractor is directed to an upper portion of the outer periphery of the platen, and a thin piece extending along the lower portion of the outer periphery of the platen from an extension line of a paper feeding route of the tractor in the pushing in position between the platen and the tractor and resiliently contacting with an inner face of a paper pan. When the tractor is fixed to the pushing in position, paper supplied from the tractor is guided by the thin piece and will not hang down to the paper pan side.

Abstract: A dot printer wherein a bearing member is movably attached to each of two shafts disposed in parallel with a platen, and a plurality of electromagnets are secured to the bearing members together with a head which houses therein a plurality of needles driven by the electromagnets. In this arrangement, the necessity of employing a carrier can be eliminated to simplify the structure as well as to reduce both the dimensions and the weight of the whole while ensuring a high-speed printing operation with another advantage of facilitating the assembling process.