Abstract: The invention provides an ion exchange membrane electrolyzer ensuring a satisfactory circulation of electrolyte, high electrolytic efficiency and great ridigity. An anode chamber partition in a flat sheet form is joined to a cathode chamber partition in a flat sheet form. An electrode retainer member in a sheet form is joined to at least one partition at a belt-like junction. A projecting strip with an electrode joined thereto is located between adjacent junctions. A space on an electrode surface side of the electrode retainer member defines a path through which a fluid goes up in the electrode chamber, and a space that spaces away from the space defines a path through which an electrolyte separated from a gas at a top portion of the electrode goes down.

Abstract: An OHC engine includes a valve operation system housed in a valve operation chamber formed between a cylinder head and a head cover joined to the cylinder head. The valve operation system includes a valve-operating cam and is cooperatively connected to an intake valve and an exhaust valve. The OHC engine also includes timing transmitting device disposed between the valve operation system and a crankshaft, the timing transmitting means including a driven wheel that rotates together with the valve-operating cam and a transmission belt that is wrapped around the driven wheel so that oil within a crankcase can accompany the transmission belt and be supplied to the valve operation chamber. The head cover is provided with an arc-form curved cover part for covering the upper part of the driven wheel.

Abstract: In order to prevent lubricating oil from entering an intake system when an engine body is tilted downward while avoiding any increase in the engine dimensions, the engine body has first and second breather chambers, first and second through passages for providing communication between a crank chamber and the first and second breather chambers, respectively, and a communicating passage for providing communication between the first and second breather chambers. The second breather chamber is connected to the intake system via a guide pipe, an end of the second through passage that opens inside the crank chamber is positioned above the oil surface inside the crank chamber when the engine is tilted downward, and the route from the first through passage to the communicating passage via the first breather chamber is shaped so as to prevent the lubricating oil inside the crank chamber from entering the communicating passage.

Abstract: An electrolytic cell using an oxygen cathode, for use in an ion-exchange membrane electrolytic soda process or the like, the electrolytic cell having; a structure, wherein, for effective supply and discharge of a caustic liquid and for an effective handling of a caustic liquid leakage, provided on an outer-side edge of the electrolytic cell are an upper chamber as a caustic liquid discharge outlet, a lower chamber as a caustic liquid introduction inlet, and a caustic-liquid room frame connected via a caustic liquid passage to thereby reduce a caustic liquid leakage; a structure, wherein a lower gas chamber is provided at the lower outer end of a cathode element to thereby handle a caustic liquid leakage from a gas diffusion electrode to a gas room; or a structure which uses a gas-liquid permeating gas diffusion electrode to supply an oxygen gas from an upper chamber communicating with a gas room and discharge a gas and a caustic liquid into a lower chamber.

Abstract: An electricity leading method for a gas diffusion electrode is provided, by which a gas diffusion electrode is easily fixed to a cathode current collecting frame, the contact part has reduced electrical resistance, even an electrically insulating mesh sheet can be utilized as a gas chamber, and only the gas diffusion electrode can be replaced in renewal of the electrode. The method includes preparing a gas diffusion electrode by sandwiching a conductor made of a highly conductive metallic mesh or spongy processed material in catalyst layers or attaching a catalyst layer onto the conductor while leaving the conductor exposed in the outer periphery of the electrode, and electrically connecting the exposed part of the conductor to a cathode chamber current collecting frame.

Abstract: A sodium chloride electrolytic cell is provided, comprising a gas diffusion electrode that allows smooth supply and discharge of catholyte for electrolyzing sodium chloride and allows oxygen gas to come in good contact therewith. The sodium chloride electrolytic cell comprises an anode chamber having an anode into which an aqueous solution of sodium chloride and a cathode chamber having the foregoing gas diffusion electrode for producing an alkaline aqueous solution, the anode chamber and the cathode chamber being divided by an ion exchange membrane. The sodium chloride electrolytic cell is arranged to effect electrolysis in such a manner that there occurs no pressure differential between the catholyte chamber and the gas chamber in the gas diffusion electrode. Further, a nickel mesh substance is fitted in a concave portion having the same size as that of the gas diffusion electrode formed in the central portion of a thin nickel plate.

Abstract: In order to prevent lubricating oil from entering an intake system when an engine body is tilted downward while avoiding any increase in the engine dimensions, the engine body has first and second breather chambers, first and second through passages for providing communication between a crank chamber and the first and second breather chambers, respectively, and a communicating passage for providing communication between the first and second breather chambers. The second breather chamber is connected to the intake system via a guide pipe, an end of the second through passage that opens inside the crank chamber is positioned above the oil surface inside the crank chamber when the engine is tilted downward, and the route from the first through passage to the communicating passage via the first breather chamber is shaped so as to prevent the lubricating oil inside the crank chamber from entering the communicating passage.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ion exchange membrane type electrolyzer, which comprises electrodes at opposed positions via an ion exchange membrane, spacers are mounted in dot-like arrangement on openings of electrode surface to maintain spacing between the ion exchange membrane and surface of at least one of the electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrolyzer, which comprises vertical type electrolyzer units with irregular surfaces formed on partition walls on anode side and on partition walls on cathode side, said irregular surfaces being overlapped on each other and integrated, and electrode plates being connected to convex portions of the partition walls, whereby said irregular surfaces are formed as troughs and ridges extending in vertical direction of the electrolyzer units, said irregular surfaces are divided into a plurality of sectors in height direction, said trough in each sector extends along the same straight line as the ridge of another sector, a liquid junction is provided to connect adjacent troughs in the same sector in the connecting portion of the adjacent sector and to connect the troughs in adjacent sectors, and an internal circulation member is provided between the partition wall and the electrode surface, using inclined surfaces of the trough on the partition wall or a member parallel to the incl

Abstract: A spark arrester includes a buffer plate against which exhaust gases discharged from the outlet end of a tail pipe strike directly. Upon impingement on the buffer plate, the exhaust gases become turbulent or agitated whereupon temperature distribution of the exhaust gases is made uniform. The buffer plate has a plurality of through-holes arranged to allow passage of the exhaust gases after the exhaust gases impinge against the buffer plate. After passing through the through-holes, the exhaust gases flow through a wire screen during which time sparks in the exhaust gases are caught by the wire screen. The exhaust gases are then guided downstream along a guide tube and finally released from an outlet end of the guide tube. A stream of exhaust gases discharged from the guide tube has only a limited length of high-temperature zone.

Abstract: An air-cooled engine includes a cooling fan mounted at one end of a crankshaft supported in a crankcase, and a shroud for guiding cooling air flow produced by the cooling fan encloses an outer periphery of a cylinder block. The engine further includes an auxiliary cooling fan mounted at the other end of the crankshaft, together with an auxiliary shroud for guiding cooling air flow produced by the auxiliary cooling fan to an outer periphery of the crankcase, so that the absorption of heat from the cylinder block by the crankcase can be effectively increased. Thus, it is possible to enhance the effect of cooling of an air-cooled engine without increasing the size of the cooling fan and the shroud thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for reactivating an active cathode attached to an electrolyzer, wherein a porous cathode that is attached to the electrolyzer by means of a flexible member and has a decreased electrode catalyst activity is provided thereon with a fresh active cathode equivalent to, or smaller in wire diameter or pore diameter than, the porous cathode by bending a mounting piece formed around said fresh active cathode without removal of a deteriorated electrode catalyst substance.

Abstract: An oil reservoir chamber 22 in an engine E is formed into a tubular shape having annular corner portions 22a and 22b at opposite ends, and an oil slinger 25 is secured to a crankshaft 13 and has two splashing blades 25a and 25b with their tip ends being in proximity to the corner portions 22a and 22b, so that a lubricating oil in the oil reservoir chamber 22 is splashed by at least one of the two splashing blades 25a and 25b during rotation of the oil slinger 25 with any operative position of the engine E. Thus, a lubricating oil mist can be produced with any operative position of the engine E by the oil slinger of a simple structure including the two blades.

Abstract: A work is applied with a solvent-containing thermosetting coating composition to a thickness larger than a limit thickness over which the coating composition on a surface of the work extending in a vertical direction will normally run or sag in a coating zone. After applied with the coating composition, the work is rotated about a substantially horizontal axis to prevent the coating composition on the vertical surface of the work from running or sagging and is conveyed through a heat-hardening zone for hardening the coating composition applied to the work by heating by a conveyor line. The conveyor line includes a pair of conveyors which are separated from each other upstream of a position where the coating composition is applied to the work to a thickness larger than said limit thickness.

Abstract: A work is applied with a solvent-containing thermosetting coating composition to a thickness larger than a limit thickness over which the coating composition on a surface of the work extending in a vertical direction will normally run or sag in a coating zone. After applied with the coating composition, the work is rotated about a substantially horizontal axis to prevent the coating composition on the vertical surface of the work from running or sagging and is conveyed through a heat-hardening zone for hardening the coating composition applied to the work by heating by a conveyor line. The conveyor line includes a pair of conveyors which are separated from each other upstream of a position where the coating composition is applied to the work to a thickness larger than said limit thickness.

Abstract: Electroplating is carried out in a nickel plating bath in which are dispersed active carbon particles supporting at least one platinum metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, rhodium, iridium, and palladium, thereby forming on an electrode substrate a nickel electrode active layer containing platinum metal-supporting active carbon particles and having such active carbon particles attached to a surface layer thereof, and thus producing a cathode exhibiting a high electrode activity and capable of stably sustaining a low hydrogen overvoltage for a long period of time.

Abstract: An electrolyzer having a partition plate produced by forming thin plates. The electrolyzer includes a vertical electrolyzer unit which has a partition plate formed by superimposing a pair of anode- and cathode-side partitions provided with mutually fittable recesses and projections, and an electrode plate connected to the projections on each side of the partition plate to define an electrolytic chamber. A gas-liquid separating chamber having a discharge opening is provided in the upper part of the electrolyzer unit such that the cross-sectional area of the gas-liquid separating chamber is larger at a part closer to the discharge opening than at a part remoter from the discharge opening, thereby preventing the fluctuation of pressure in the electrolytic chamber caused by pulsation occurring in the gas-liquid separating chamber.

Abstract: An electrode (14) is joined to ridges (12) or ribs of a partition (11) by means of spring members (13), each being in comb form and bent at the toothed portions (16) thereof, so that, while the electrode surface is kept flat, the toothed portions (16) can be held with any desired distance with respect to electrode-supporting portions such as the partition or its ribs, but without causing damage to an ion-exchange membrane.

Abstract: An electrolyzer includes a stack composed of a plurality of upright electrolytic cell units, each unit including an electrolytic cell unit frame bounding a pair of electrode sheets. Each pair of electrode sheets are anode-side and cathode-side partitions having opposed recesses and projections that are engaged in nesting relationship with each other. A gas-liquid separation chamber is provided which is integral with an upper edge of the electrolytic cell unit frame.

Abstract: In a system for removing press-formed parts formed in a pressing machine, a loading transfer device is disposed between an ejection position to which a plurality of press-formed parts are simultaneously ejected in parallel from the pressing machine and a loading position established to load the press-formed parts onto each of a plurality of carrier pallets which are on standby in parallel to individually correspond to the plurality of press-formed parts. The loading transfer device comprises a plurality of transfer pallets connected to one another with variable spacings therebetween and reciprocally movable in parallel between the ejection position and the loading position so that the plurality of press-formed parts may be placed onto the individual transfer pallets, and a spacing-varying drive device for varying the spacing between the transfer pallets. During transferring of the press-formed parts by the loading transfer device, the spacing between the press-formed parts is varied.