Abstract: An optical module includes a substrate on which an optical waveguide is provided; a housing that houses the substrate and includes a through path arranged on a side wall of the housing so as to extend in a direction that crosses the optical waveguide; a ferrule that houses an end portion of an optical fiber; and an optical path conversion element that is fixed on the ferrule, that is fixed on an end surface of the substrate on the end portion side of the optical waveguide, and that has a size smaller than a width of the substrate and a width of the ferrule along a longitudinal direction of the substrate. The end portion of the optical waveguide is arranged at a position close to the through path of the housing relative to a central portion in a width direction of the substrate.

Abstract: An optical modulator module includes: a semiconductor modulator that includes a plurality of output waveguides; a first cylindrical lens that has a longitudinal direction in a direction in which the plurality of output waveguides are aligned, and through which lights output from the plurality of output waveguides penetrate; and a plurality of second cylindrical lenses each having a longitudinal direction that intersects with the longitudinal direction of the first cylindrical lens and allowing a corresponding light of the lights output from the plurality of output waveguides to penetrate therethrough.

Abstract: An optical module includes an optical modulator that includes a cutout portion and a first terminal projecting to the inside of the cutout portion, and is configured to perform optical modulation by using an electrical signal input to the first terminal; a driver, at least a part of the driver being housed inside the cutout portion, that is configured to generate an electrical signal; an electrode pattern that extends from the driver inside the cutout portion, and is configured to transmit the electrical signal generated by the driver; and a flexible board having flexibility, one end of the flexible board being electrically connected with the first terminal inside the cutout portion, another end of the flexible board extending in the direction away from the driver, the flexible board being connected with the electrode pattern and configured to input the electrical signal transmitted by the electrode pattern to the first terminal.

Abstract: An optical module includes a driver that generates an electric signal and an optical modulator that has a notch in which at least a portion of the driver is accommodated and performs optical modulation using an electric signal generated by the driver. The optical module also includes a first connector electrically connected to the driver in the notch of the optical modulator. The optical module further includes a second connector provided on a surface of the notch of the optical modulator, the surface being opposed to the first connector. The second connector is electrically connected to the optical modulator. Furthermore, the optical module includes a coaxial pin that is connected to the first connector and the second connector and transmits the electric signal generated by the driver to the optical modulator.

Abstract: A polarization combiner includes: a base member that includes a body portion, an arm portion extending from the body portion, and a notch portion surrounded with the body portion and the arm portion; a polarization rotating element that is fixed to the arm portion of the base member and that rotates a polarization direction of a first polarized wave; and a polarization combining element that is fixed to the base member so as to face the notch portion of the base member and the polarization rotating element, the polarization combining element combining two polarized waves entering from a surface facing the notch portion and the polarization rotating element, the two polarized waves including the first polarized wave whose polarization direction is rotated by the polarization rotating element and a second polarized wave passing the notch portion.

Abstract: A first lens transmits a beam of light having a vertical cross-sectional diameter made closer to a horizontal cross-sectional diameter. The beam of light is emitted from an optical waveguide on a substrate and configured such that the vertical cross-sectional diameter which is the diameter of a vertical cross section along the direction of the thickness of the substrate is greater than the horizontal cross-sectional diameter which is the diameter of a horizontal cross section along the direction of the width of the substrate. A second lens is disposed at a position, at which the vertical cross-sectional diameter and the horizontal cross-sectional diameter coincide with each other, so as to focus the beam of light on the optical fiber. The position is closer to the optical fiber than the first lens along the direction of travel of the beam of light transmitted by the first lens.

Abstract: A sheet conveyance apparatus according to an embodiment includes a conveyance roller and a register roller arranged downstream of the conveyance roller along a sheet conveyance path. A sensor unit detects a first deflection amount of the sheet and a second deflection amount of the sheet when the sheet is pressed against the register roller. A movable section is connected to at least one end of the conveyance roller. A control section determines a tilt of a rotation axis of the conveyance roller relative to a rotation axis of the register roller based on a difference in the first and second deflection amounts detected by the sensor unit. The control section controls the movable section to move the conveyance roller so that the rotational axis of the conveyance roller is positioned relative to a rotational axis of the register roller in accordance with the determined tilt.

Abstract: An optical module includes an optical modulator that includes a cutout portion and a first terminal projecting to the inside of the cutout portion, and is configured to perform optical modulation by using an electrical signal input to the first terminal; a driver, at least a part of the driver being housed inside the cutout portion, that is configured to generate an electrical signal; an electrode pattern that extends from the driver inside the cutout portion, and is configured to transmit the electrical signal generated by the driver; and a flexible board having flexibility, one end of the flexible board being electrically connected with the first terminal inside the cutout portion, another end of the flexible board extending in the direction away from the driver, the flexible board being connected with the electrode pattern and configured to input the electrical signal transmitted by the electrode pattern to the first terminal.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus comprises a conveyance roller, a register roller, a sensor, a movable section, and a control section. The conveyance roller conveys a sheet. The register roller is arranged downstream of the conveyance roller along a sheet conveyance path. The sensor detects a deflection amount of the sheet when the sheet is pressed against the register roller. The movable section is connected to at least one end part of the conveyance roller. The control section controls the movable section to move the at least one end of the conveyance roller based on the deflection amount detected by the sensor, to tilt a rotational axis of the conveyance roller relative to a rotational axis of the register roller.

Abstract: An optical device includes an optical waveguide that includes an incident waveguide, parallel waveguides along an electrode, and emission waveguides, formed on a substrate having an electro-optical effect, a first emission waveguide among the emission waveguides is set as an output waveguide of signal light, for output to an external destination and a second emission waveguide among the emission waveguides is set as a monitoring optical waveguide for the signal light; a photodetector that is disposed over the monitoring optical waveguide; and a groove formed on a portion of the substrate, where the photodetector of the monitoring optical waveguide is disposed. The monitoring optical waveguide has a width that, as compared with the width at a starting point side, is formed to increase as the monitoring optical waveguide approaches the groove.

Abstract: An optical modulator module includes: a semiconductor modulator that includes a plurality of output waveguides; a first cylindrical lens that has a longitudinal direction in a direction in which the plurality of output waveguides are aligned, and through which lights output from the plurality of output waveguides penetrate; and a plurality of second cylindrical lenses each having a longitudinal direction that intersects with the longitudinal direction of the first cylindrical lens and allowing a corresponding light of the lights output from the plurality of output waveguides to penetrate therethrough.

Abstract: An optical module connected to an optical fiber for transmitting light includes: a substrate; a ferrule that is formed from a material capable of transmitting therethrough light having a predetermined wavelength, accommodates an end of the optical fiber, and is fixed on the substrate with a fixing agent cured by being irradiated with the light capable of passing through the material; and a semiconductor chip that is disposed on the substrate and modulates light emitted from the end of the optical fiber accommodated in the ferrule.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus comprises a conveyance roller, a register roller, a sensor, a movable section, and a control section. The conveyance roller conveys a sheet. The register roller is arranged downstream of the conveyance roller along a sheet conveyance path. The sensor detects a deflection amount of the sheet when the sheet is pressed against the register roller. The movable section is connected to at least one end part of the conveyance roller. The control section controls the movable section to move the at least one end of the conveyance roller based on the deflection amount detected by the sensor, to tilt a rotational axis of the conveyance roller relative to a rotational axis of the register roller.

Abstract: An optical transmitting apparatus includes: a substrate; optical modulators that are arranged in parallel to one another on the substrate and modulate light; waveguides that are formed on the substrate and guide signal light represented by at least one of modulated light beams obtained by the light being modulated by the plurality of optical modulators and monitor light represented by at least another one of the modulated light beams other than the signal light; lenses that collimate the signal light and the monitor light emitted from the waveguides; and a holding member that causes the signal light and the monitor light to be emitted from the lenses in mutually-different directions, by holding the lenses in such a manner that the optical axis of at least one of the lenses is out of alignment in a predetermined direction with the optical axis of at least one of the waveguides.

Abstract: An optical device includes a substrate having an electrooptical effect, and including an optical waveguide that guides light and a reflection groove having a bottom face that reflects light output from the optical waveguide; and a light-receiving element positioned above the reflection groove and fixed to the substrate. The light output from the optical waveguide into the reflection groove is reflected by the bottom face of the reflection groove while traveling through a space inside the reflection groove and is incident to the light-receiving element.

Abstract: A first lens transmits a beam of light having a vertical cross-sectional diameter made closer to a horizontal cross-sectional diameter. The beam of light is emitted from an optical waveguide on a substrate and configured such that the vertical cross-sectional diameter which is the diameter of a vertical cross section along the direction of the thickness of the substrate is greater than the horizontal cross-sectional diameter which is the diameter of a horizontal cross section along the direction of the width of the substrate. A second lens is disposed at a position, at which the vertical cross-sectional diameter and the horizontal cross-sectional diameter coincide with each other, so as to focus the beam of light on the optical fiber. The position is closer to the optical fiber than the first lens along the direction of travel of the beam of light transmitted by the first lens.

Abstract: A polarization combiner includes: a base member that includes a body portion, an arm portion extending from the body portion, and a notch portion surrounded with the body portion and the arm portion; a polarization rotating element that is fixed to the arm portion of the base member and that rotates a polarization direction of a first polarized wave; and a polarization combining element that is fixed to the base member so as to face the notch portion of the base member and the polarization rotating element, the polarization combining element combining two polarized waves entering from a surface facing the notch portion and the polarization rotating element, the two polarized waves including the first polarized wave whose polarization direction is rotated by the polarization rotating element and a second polarized wave passing the notch portion.

Abstract: An optical transmitting apparatus includes: a substrate; optical modulators that are arranged in parallel to one another on the substrate and modulate light; waveguides that are formed on the substrate and guide signal light represented by at least one of modulated light beams obtained by the light being modulated by the plurality of optical modulators and monitor light represented by at least another one of the modulated light beams other than the signal light; lenses that collimate the signal light and the monitor light emitted from the waveguides; and a holding member that causes the signal light and the monitor light to be emitted from the lenses in mutually-different directions, by holding the lenses in such a manner that the optical axis of at least one of the lenses is out of alignment in a predetermined direction with the optical axis of at least one of the waveguides.

Abstract: An optical module connected to an optical fiber for transmitting light includes: a substrate; a ferrule that is formed from a material capable of transmitting therethrough light having a predetermined wavelength, accommodates an end of the optical fiber, and is fixed on the substrate with a fixing agent cured by being irradiated with the light capable of passing through the material; and a semiconductor chip that is disposed on the substrate and modulates light emitted from the end of the optical fiber accommodated in the ferrule.

Abstract: A fixing apparatus according to an embodiment includes: a first roller; a second roller that forms a nip between the second roller and the first roller and presses a sheet passing through the nip against the first roller; a heater that heats at least one of the first roller and the second roller, a heating range of the heater being greater than a maximum printing width of a predetermined maximum sheet width, and a heat-uniformizing member that distributes heat of the heater along a longitudinal direction thereof, an effective length of the heat-uniformizing member in the longitudinal direction being the same as, or greater than, the predetermined maximum sheet width.