Abstract: An ink jet recording method comprises a pixel-recording step for forming each pixel by fewer droplets than the number of droplets to be required for obtaining a gradation of an image. Therefore all of the pixels required for the image are recorded without removing any pixel from them.

Abstract: An ink-jet printing apparatus performs a printing process by discharging ink from color ink heads and treatment liquid from a liquid head for making the ink insoluble or coherent. The printing apparatus has the minimum amount of memory required to eject the treatment liquid as far as possible and performs excellent printing. For discharge data of one scanning performance of the color ink heads, the apparatus has only memories for each color ink head. Discharge data for the treatment liquid is formed by a treatment liquid discharge data creating portion based on the data stored in the memories upon switched by data-switching portion. Then the discharge data for the liquid head is supplied to the head after being stored in a buffer as much as the number of orifices of the head.

Abstract: A data control apparatus is structured to execute complementary recording on one pixel array by dividing the scans of a recording head into four. In a nozzle context memory, the nozzle context data, which can be updated, are stored as control data to determine discharge or non-discharge of ink from discharge ports. In an operational circuit, the nozzle context data and image data are processed operationally, thus outputting drive data for the recording head. The data that indicates ink discharge in one pixel array are sequentially assigned to recording data per scan appropriately by use of the nozzle context data and the operational circuit. With the structure thus arranged, it is possible to implement making the capacity of memory smaller for use of data to control recording or non-recording, and also, to execute an intermittent recording by controlling recording or non-recording as required.

Abstract: In an aparatus for forming an aluminum thin film, or an aluminum alloy thin film useful to an interconnecting material of an electronic device, there are provided:a processing chamber capable of keeping a vacuum condition therein;a substrate holder mounted within said processing chamber, for holding a substrate and performing a temperature adjustment;a first temperature adjusting mechanism for performing the temperature adjustment of said substrate via said substrate holder;a gas conducting mechanism for conducting a predetermined gas into said processing chamber;an exhausting mechanism for exhausting an interior of said processing chamber;a distributing plate provided within said processing chamber, for uniformly supplying said predetermined gas to a surface of said substrate; whereby a part of element consisting said predetermined gas is deposited on the surface of said substrate; anda second temperature adjusting mechanism for adjusting the temperature of said distributing plate.

Abstract: In an electronic device, an interconnect utilizes a flat substrate and a layer bonded to the substrate. The layer may have a through hole formed therein or be formed from parallel spaced layers. An aluminum or aluminum alloy film having single crystallinity is deposited within the through hole or void step created between parallel spaced layers.

Abstract: After an ink-jet recording head with a plurality of discharging portions arranged is main-scanned in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the discharging portion arrangement to record a first image area, sub-scanning of the head is performed. Before the head is main-scanned to record a second image area, the sub-scanning is performed so that a few discharging portions on an upper edge portion of the head in second main-scanning overlap part of the first image area. Ink droplets land on pixels in the overlapping portion twice for each main-scanning, and image density of the pixels in the overlapping portion is controlled by the sum number of the landing ink droplets. This enables image density unevenness of image density, example, a "black stripe (banding)" or a "white stripe (banding)" in a boundary of an image area being recorded in each main-scanning, to be markedly reduced.

Abstract: In an apparatus for forming an aluminum thin film, or an aluminum alloy thin film useful to an interconnecting material of an electronic device, there are provided: a processing chamber capable of keeping a vacuum condition therein; a substrate holder mounted within said processing chamber, for holding a substrate and performing a temperature adjustment; a first temperature adjusting mechanism for performing the temperature adjustment of said substrate via said substrate holder whereby a part of element consisting said predetermined gas is deposited on the surface of said substrate; a gas conducting mechanism for conducting a predetermined gas into said processing chamber; an exhausting mechanism for exhausting an interior of said processing chamber; a distributing plate provided within said processing chamber, for uniformly supplying said predetermined gas to a surface of said substrate; and a second temperature adjusting mechanism for adjusting the temperature of said distributing plate.

Abstract: In an apparatus for forming an aluminum thin film, or an aluminum alloy thin film useful to an interconnecting material of an electronic device, there are provided:a processing chamber capable of keeping a vacuum condition therein;a substrate holder mounted within said processing chamber, for holding a substrate and performing a temperature adjustment;a first temperature adjusting mechanism for performing the temperature adjustment of said substrate via said substrate holder;whereby a part of element consisting said predetermined gas is deposited on the surface of said substrate;a gas conducting mechanism for conducting a predetermined gas into said processing chamber;an exhausting mechanism for exhausting an interior of said processing chamber;a distributing plate provided within said processing chamber, for uniformly supplying said predetermined gas to a surface of said substrate; anda second temperature adjusting mechanism for adjusting the temperature of said distributing plate.