Abstract: In a conductive liquid crystal device, particularly an organic EL device, including a carrier transporting layer of a conductive liquid crystal and a functional organic layer disposed between a pair of electrodes, a protective layer having a carrier transporting characteristic is inserted between the carrier transporting layer and the organic layer. As a result, deterioration, such as the occurrence of molecular association (such as exciplex), at the boundary between the carrier transporting layer and the organic layer can be effectively prevented, whereby a sufficient luminescence can be attained at a lower voltage to improve the durability of the organic EL device.

Abstract: A light emitting device is disclosed having a light emitting layer containing a porphyrin derivative compound each pyrrole group of which is characterized by having a straight-chain or branched side-chain alkyl group having 5 to 20 carbon atoms, and the central metal of which is Cr, Ni, Cu, Co, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir, Pt or Au. The compound is light-emissive and especially has phosphorescent light emission properties and liquid crystal properties. Also disclosed is a display unit using the light emitting device.

Abstract: A novel class of discotic liquid crystals represented by the following formula was synthesized, and a layer thereof was incorporated in an organic electroluminescence device.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence device is made to show an improved carrier transporting ability and an improved carrier injecting property by doping a liquid crystal compound having a high degree of carrier mobility without generating any ionic current. The organic electroluminescence device comprises a carrier transport layer formed by doping a smectic liquid crystal compound having a hexagonal order structure with a Lewis acid compound, a light-emitting layer and a protection layer arranged between the carrier transport layer and the light-emitting layer and composed of an organic compound having a carrier transporting property of the same type as that of carrier transport layer and a carrier conducting property of the type different from that of the carrier transport layer.

Abstract: The present invention realizes measures for antireflection in various ways in an organic electroluminescent device, and provides a high performance organic electroluminescent device. The organic electroluminescent device includes an organic compound layer containing luminescent sections, the organic compound layer being placed between substantially transparent electrodes; and an insulating light absorption layer in contact with first electrodes, the light absorption layer being placed between the substrate and the first electrodes.

Abstract: A polymer type organic EL element is improved in terms of the stability and the efficiency and intensity of light emission. A carrier injection layer made of discotic liquid crystal or smectic liquid crystal having an electron resonance structure is interposed between a polymer layer and an electrode.

Abstract: An electroconductive device is constituted by a pair of oppositely disposed electrodes, and a luminescence layer and an electroconductive layer disposed between the electrodes. The electroconductive layer includes a mixture of a plurality of organic compounds which are mutually structural isomers and include a major component and a minor component. The mixture contains the major and minor components in a (major component)/(minor component) ratio of 1/1 to 9.1. When the electroconductive layer is used as a carrier injection or transport layer, preferably an electron injection layer, a resultant electroluminescence (EL) device exhibits a high luminescence efficiency.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device of the type comprising a pair of substrates and a chiral smectic liquid crystal disposed between the substrates so as to form at least one pixel, is driven by a driving method including applying a signal waveform to a selected pixel. The driving method includes the step of applying the signal waveform which includes a clear pulse for placing the liquid crystal in a first state and a writing pulse subsequent to the clear pulse for selectively placing the liquid crystal in a second state depending on input data. The writing pulse includes a higher voltage portion and a pair of lower voltage portions sandwiching the higher voltage portion. The writing pulse is effective in reducing power consumption while ensuring a wider drive margin.

Abstract: A metal coordination compound suitable as an organic material for a luminescent device is represented by the following formula (1): 1

Abstract: A metal coordination compound suitable as an organic material for a luminescent device is represented by the following formula (1): 1

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence device is constituted by a pair of substrates each provided with an electrode, and an organic luminescence layer of an organic luminescence material and a liquid crystal layer of a liquid crystal material, respectively disposed between the substrates. The liquid crystal material has an isotropic phase transition temperature lower than a glass transition temperature of the organic luminescence material. The liquid crystal layer has been formed by disposing the liquid crystal material on the organic luminescence layer in an isotropic phase state at a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature of the organic luminescence material and cooling the liquid crystal material to a temperature lower than the isotropic phase transition temperature.

Abstract: A luminescence device is constituted by a substrate, a first electrode disposed on the substrate, at least one organic luminescence function layer disposed on the first electrode, a second electrode disposed on the above at least one organic luminescence function layer, and an oxygen absorbent disposed between the substrate and the second electrode or between the first and second electrodes. To the luminescence device, a voltage is applied between the first and second electrodes to cause phosphorescence from at last one layer constituting the above-mentioned at least one organic luminescence function layer preferably containing the oxygen absorbent. The oxygen absorbent may be formed in a layer disposed at a region other than pixel portions.

Abstract: A luminescence device is principally constituted by a pair of electrodes and an organic compound layer disposed therebetween.

Abstract: An electroconductive device is constituted by an insulating substrate, a first electrode disposed on the insulating substrate, a thin layer of a chargeable material disposed in a plurality of regions on the first electrode, a layer of an electroconductive organic function material disposed on the thin layer of the chargeable material, and a second electrode disposed on the layer of the electroconductive organic function material.

Abstract: A luminescence device is principally constituted by a pair of electrodes and an organic compound layer disposed therebetween.

Abstract: A luminescence device is principally constituted by a pair of electrodes and an organic compound layer disposed therebetween.

Abstract: A luminescence device exhibiting a better luminescence efficiency is provided by disposing between a pair of electrodes a luminescence layer comprising a mixture of a liquid crystal compound assuming discotic phase or smectic phase with a phosphorescent compound preferably having a planar molecular skeleton.

Abstract: A conductive liquid crystal device capable of exhibiting luminescence of different luminances at an identical drive voltage, thus useful as an EL device having a memory characteristic, is provided. The conductive liquid crystal device is formed by a pair of oppositely disposed electrodes and a liquid crystalline organic layer disposed between the electrodes, wherein the liquid crystalline organic layer has plural regions having mutually different electro-conductivities.

Abstract: A reflection-type liquid crystal apparatus has a liquid crystal panel which includes a pair of a back side substrate and a viewer's side substrate disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal disposed between the substrates. The back side substrate is provided with a plurality of scanning electrodes for applying a scanning signal to the liquid crystal, and the viewer's side substrate is provided with a plurality of transparent data electrodes for applying data signals to the liquid crystal. Further, the scanning electrodes are provided with a reflective and diffusive surface of a metal so as to reflect light incident thereto through the viewer's side substrate. The reflective and diffusive metal scanning electrodes formed on the back substrate are not only effective for providing improved drive characteristics because of its high conductivity but also provides uniform diffusive reflected light for providing a paper-like improved display quality.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device is constituted by a pair of electrode plates and a liquid crystal composition disposed between the electrode plates. At least one of the electrode plates comprises a light-transmissive substrate, a plurality of electrodes including principal electrodes and auxiliary electrodes supported on the light-transmissive substrate, and an insulating layer. Each auxiliary electrode is disposed between an associated principal electrode and the light-transmissive substrate so as to be electrically connected with at least a part of the associated principal electrode, and the auxiliary electrodes being disposed with spacings therebetween which are filled with the insulating layer. The liquid crystal composition comprises at least one species of a fluorine-containing mesomorphic compound comprising a fluorocarbon terminal portion and a hydrocarbon terminal portion, the terminal portions being connected with a central core, and having smectic mesophase or latent smectic mesophase.