Abstract: A manufacturing method of a semiconductor element includes forming a plurality of islands, each including a semiconductor layer containing a nitride semiconductor and a support formed on the semiconductor layer, on a sapphire substrate, joining the support to a retention substrate via an adhesive member, peeling off the semiconductor layer from the sapphire substrate by irradiating the semiconductor layer with laser light, and polishing a surface of the semiconductor layers peeled off from the sapphire substrate.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a semiconductor element includes forming a plurality of semiconductor layers on a sapphire substrate, each of the semiconductor layers having a first surface on the sapphire substrate side and a second surface on the opposite side, joining the second surfaces of the plurality of semiconductor layers to a retention member via an adhesive member, peeling off the plurality of semiconductor layers from the sapphire substrate by irradiating the first surfaces of the plurality of semiconductor layers with laser light, and polishing the first surfaces of the plurality of semiconductor layers. At least one semiconductor layer among the plurality of semiconductor layers includes a polishing indication part extending from the second surface toward the first surface. The polishing is executed until the polishing indication part is exposed to the polished surface.

Abstract: An electric motor system includes a battery, an inverter, an electric motor, a zero-phase switching arm and a control unit. The inverter converts DC power output from the battery into three-phase AC power and outputs the three-phase AC power to the electric motor. A rotor of the electric motor rotates by the three-phase AC power output from the inverter. A neural point of the electric motor is connected to the zero-phase switching arm. A zero-phase current flowing through respective windings of the electric motor is adjusted by switching of the zero-phase switching arm. By this means, in the electric motor system, torque is generated at the rotor also using the zero-phase current as well as a three-phase AC current flowing through the respective windings.

Abstract: A device management system includes: a server; base stations for long-distance wireless communication; and a device that communicatively connect to one of the base stations and that each sequentially transmit, to the server via the one base station, operation information indicating the current operation state of the device. Upon sequentially receiving the operation information, each of the base stations sequentially transmits, to the server, unique information unique to the base station together with the sequentially received operation information. The server sequentially receives, and sequentially stores in association with each other, the operation information and the unique information. When first and second unique information received at first and second times, respectively, are different, the server separately manages first operation information received in a first period ending at the first time and second operation information received in a second period starting at the second time.

Abstract: A device management method executed in a server communicatively connected, via a network, to a plurality of devices and a first operation device associated with a first user identifier identifying a first user, includes: receiving, from the first operation device, a request to associate the first user identifier and a first device identifier identifying a first device among the plurality of devices; and when, in correspondence information stored in a storage device and including device identifiers identifying devices associated with user identifiers identifying users, (i) the first device identifier is associated with a second user identifier different from the first user identifier and (ii) the first user identifier is associated with a second device identifier identifying a second device different from the first device among the plurality of devices, storing the second device identifier and the second user identifier in association with each other.

Abstract: A control method for controlling a device that includes a plurality of communication modules including a long-distance communication module that is a communication module for long-distance wireless communication and a short-distance communication module that is a communication module for short-distance wireless communication, the device being capable of being connected through each of the plurality of communication modules to a server that manages the device, the control method includes: receiving information necessary to the short-distance wireless communication by the short-distance communication module, when the long-distance communication module and the short-distance communication module are not operating; determining whether the information satisfies a condition indicating that the information received in the receiving is sufficient for a first connection to the server using the short-distance communication module; and causing the long-distance communication module to start operating, when it is determi

Abstract: Apparatus includes a plurality of wireless communication modules for connecting apparatus to a server that manages the apparatus via a plurality of networks different from one another; storage that stores, for each of the networks, a characteristic regarding communication; acquirer that acquires communication information indicating, for each of communication modules, whether communication via the communication module is possible; identifier that identifies a specific communication module from among communication modules, the specific communication module being indicated by the communication information as being a communication module via which communication is possible, and being selected based on the characteristic; and controller that causes the specific communication module identified by identifier to connect to the server to enable communication.

Abstract: A device management system includes: a server; base stations for long-distance wireless communication; and a device that communicatively connect to one of the base stations and that each sequentially transmit, to the server via the one base station, operation information indicating the current operation state of the device. Upon sequentially receiving the operation information, each of the base stations sequentially transmits, to the server, unique information unique to the base station together with the sequentially received operation information. The server sequentially receives, and sequentially stores in association with each other, the operation information and the unique information. When first and second unique information received at first and second times, respectively, are different, the server separately manages first operation information received in a first period ending at the first time and second operation information received in a second period starting at the second time.

Abstract: A device management system includes: a server communicatively connected to a network; a base station for long-distance wireless communication that is communicatively connected to the network; and a device that is communicatively connected to the base station and transmits, to the server via the base station, state information indicating a state of the device. The server receives the state information from the device, generates notification information in accordance with the received state information, and transmits the generated notification information to the device.

Abstract: A device includes: N communication modules, a selector that selects one communication module, an obtainer that obtains a reception strength of a signal, a generator that generates an image that includes 2N display regions associated with the N communication modules in order of communication speed from slower to faster per two display regions counted from a reference position along one direction, and a display. The generator generates, as the image, an image displaying (i) a graphic of a first type in, among the two display regions associated with the one communication module, more display regions counted from proximity to the reference position along the one direction, with an increase in the reception strength of the one communication module, and (ii) the graphic of the first type in each of two display regions associated with a communication module that communicates at a slower speed than the one communication module.

Abstract: A device management system includes: a server; base stations for long-distance wireless communication; and a device that communicatively connect to one of the base stations and that each sequentially transmit, to the server via the one base station, operation information indicating the current operation state of the device. Upon sequentially receiving the operation information, each of the base stations sequentially transmits, to the server, unique information unique to the base station together with the sequentially received operation information. The server sequentially receives, and sequentially stores in association with each other, the operation information and the unique information. When first and second unique information received at first and second times, respectively, are different, the server separately manages first operation information received in a first period ending at the first time and second operation information received in a second period starting at the second time.

Abstract: An appliance management system includes an appliance, a server that manages the appliance and that can be connected to the appliance via a plurality of different networks, and a selection device provided in a communication channel that connects the server and each of one or more networks of the plurality of networks. The selection device selects, from the plurality of networks, one network to be used for communication between the appliance and the server based on a comparison of communication-related properties of the plurality of networks and causes the appliance and the server to communicate via the selected one network.

Abstract: A device management system includes: a server; base stations for long-distance wireless communication; and a device that communicatively connect to one of the base stations and that each sequentially transmit, to the server via the one base station, operation information indicating the current operation state of the device. Upon sequentially receiving the operation information, each of the base stations sequentially transmits, to the server, unique information unique to the base station together with the sequentially received operation information. The server sequentially receives, and sequentially stores in association with each other, the operation information and the unique information. When first and second unique information received at first and second times, respectively, are different, the server separately manages first operation information received in a first period ending at the first time and second operation information received in a second period starting at the second time.

Abstract: Apparatus includes a plurality of wireless communication modules for connecting apparatus to a server that manages the apparatus via a plurality of networks different from one another; storage that stores, for each of the networks, a characteristic regarding communication; acquirer that acquires communication information indicating, for each of communication modules, whether communication via the communication module is possible; identifier that identifies a specific communication module from among communication modules, the specific communication module being indicated by the communication information as being a communication module via which communication is possible, and being selected based on the characteristic; and controller that causes the specific communication module identified by identifier to connect to the server to enable communication.

Abstract: A control method for controlling a device that includes a plurality of communication modules including a long-distance communication module that is a communication module for long-distance wireless communication and a short-distance communication module that is a communication module for short-distance wireless communication, the device being capable of being connected through each of the plurality of communication modules to a server that manages the device, the control method includes: receiving information necessary to the short-distance wireless communication by the short-distance communication module, when the long-distance communication module and the short-distance communication module are not operating; determining whether the information satisfies a condition indicating that the information received in the receiving is sufficient for a first connection to the server using the short-distance communication module; and causing the long-distance communication module to start operating, when it is determi

Abstract: A device includes: N communication modules, a selector that selects one communication module, an obtainer that obtains a reception strength of a signal, a generator that generates an image that includes 2N display regions associated with the N communication modules in order of communication speed from slower to faster per two display regions counted from a reference position along one direction, and a display. The generator generates, as the image, an image displaying (i) a graphic of a first type in, among the two display regions associated with the one communication module, more display regions counted from proximity to the reference position along the one direction, with an increase in the reception strength of the one communication module, and (ii) the graphic of the first type in each of two display regions associated with a communication module that communicates at a slower speed than the one communication module.

Abstract: A device management method executed in a server communicatively connected, via a network, to a plurality of devices and a first operation device associated with a first user identifier identifying a first user, includes: receiving, from the first operation device, a request to associate the first user identifier and a first device identifier identifying a first device among the plurality of devices; and when, in correspondence information stored in a storage device and including device identifiers identifying devices associated with user identifiers identifying users, (i) the first device identifier is associated with a second user identifier different from the first user identifier and (ii) the first user identifier is associated with a second device identifier identifying a second device different from the first device among the plurality of devices, storing the second device identifier and the second user identifier in association with each other.

Abstract: A device management system includes: a server communicatively connected to a network; a base station for long-distance wireless communication that is communicatively connected to the network; and a device that is communicatively connected to the base station and transmits, to the server via the base station, state information indicating a state of the device. The server receives the state information from the device, generates notification information in accordance with the received state information, and transmits the generated notification information to the device.

Abstract: A high frequency module comprises a layered substrate. Inside the layered substrate, a reception diplexer for processing reception signals and a transmission diplexer for processing transmission signals are provided. The reception diplexer and the transmission diplexer are located in two different regions inside the layered substrate. A conductor portion that is connected to the ground and that electromagnetically separates the reception diplexer and the transmission diplexer from each other is provided between the two regions inside the layered substrate. The conductor portion is formed by using a plurality of through holes.

Abstract: A front end module (2) comprises: a triplexer (11) for separating the AMPS band, the PCS band and the GPS band from one another; a duplexer (12) for separating transmission signals and reception signals in the AMPS band from each other; and a duplexer (13) for separating transmission signals and reception signals in the PCS band from each other. The duplexers (12, 13) each include an acoustic wave element that functions as a filter. A single multilayer substrate is used to integrate the triplexer (11) and the duplexers (12, 13). The triplexer (11) is made up of conductor layers located inside or on the surface of the multilayer substrate.