Abstract: A transfer device includes a rotatable image bearing member to bear a toner image on a surface thereof, a nip forming member to contact the surface of the image bearing member, and a bias output device to output a bias current to alternately form a transfer-direction electric field to transfer toner charged with a normal polarity in a toner image formed on the image bearing member to move therefrom to a recording medium and a return-direction electric field to return the toner from the recording medium to the image bearing member. A transition time T1 from a first time at which a current for forming the transfer-direction electric field reaches its maximum (It) to a second time at which a current for forming the return-direction electric field reaches its maximum (Ir) is longer than a transition time T2 from the second time to the first time.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a density conversion unit converting the density of one or more image data from among plural image data to be combined having different tones so as to correspond to the tone to be combined; a combine unit combining the plural image data by using the image data whose density is converted by the density conversion unit; and an image forming unit forming an image by using the image data combined by the combine unit.

Abstract: A periodic stationary object detection system extracts a feature point of a three-dimensional object from image data on a predetermined region of a bird's eye view image for each of multiple sub regions included in the predetermined region, calculates waveform data corresponding to a distribution of the feature points in the predetermined region on the bird's eye view image, and judges whether or not the three-dimensional object having the extracted feature point is a periodic stationary object candidate on the basis of whether or not peak information of the waveform data is equal to or larger than a predetermined threshold value.

Abstract: A transfer device comprises a freely rotatable transferring member contacting an image bearing member to form a transfer nip therebetween; a transfer bias applying member to apply a first bias created by superimposing an alternating current component on a direct current component to the transferring member to transfer a toner image borne on the image bearing member to a recording medium in the transfer nip; and an applicator to apply a protective agent to a surface of the transferring member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier, a transfer member, a power supply, and a control device that controls the power supply to output a DC-AC superimposed bias or a DC bias to transfer a toner image on the image carrier onto a recording medium. The control device controls the power supply to alternately output a first bias being a DC component the same in polarity as the DC bias and a second bias being a DC component opposite in polarity to the DC bias to clean the transfer member when image formation is not taking place. The first bias is output with two target output values including a first value and a second value lower than the first value. The second bias is output with one target output value. An output time of the second bias is longer than an output time of the first bias.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier that carries a toner image; a transfer member that forms a transfer nip between the transfer member and the image carrier; and a power supply capable of outputting a superimposed transfer bias in which an alternating current component is superimposed onto a direct current component. The toner image on the image carrier is transferred onto a recording medium in the transfer nip by the superimposed transfer bias or a direct current bias consisting of the direct current component output by the power supply. The apparatus also includes a controller that controls the power supply so that an output target value of the direct current component when the direct current component rises up is larger than an output target value of the direct current component when the toner image is transferred onto the recording medium.

Abstract: A transfer device includes a transfer member and a bias applicator. The transfer member contacts a surface, on which a toner image is borne, of an image bearing body, to form a transfer nip. The bias applicator applies a DC voltage and an AC voltage as transfer bias to transfer the toner image on the image bearing body to a recording sheet in the transfer nip. The bias applicator applies a DC voltage having a same polarity as the DC voltage of the transfer bias and an AC voltage having an amplitude smaller than the AC voltage of the transfer bias or applies the DC voltage having the same polarity as the DC voltage of the transfer bias without applying an AC voltage, when an inter-sheet area that exists on the image bearing body passes through the transfer nip during a continuous image formation period.

Abstract: Thin film transistors having a high current drive capability and a suitable threshold voltage are provided. The thin film transistor includes a gate electrode, an insulating layer formed on the gate electrode, a semiconductor layer formed on the insulating layer, and source/drain electrodes formed on the semiconductor layer. The semiconductor layer includes a plurality of regions separated from each other in a longitudinal direction of the source/drain electrodes.

Abstract: A travel distance detection device includes: an image-capturing unit configured to capture an image; an alignment unit configured to align images in position of bird's-eye view image, the images captured at different times by the image-capturing unit; and a solid object detection unit configured to detect a solid object based on difference image data between data of the images captured at the different times and aligned by the alignment unit. The solid object detection unit counts the number of pixels which each express a certain difference on the difference image data and which are arranged in a direction in which the solid object is inclined when the image of the predetermined region is converted into the bird's-eye view image, then produces a frequency distribution of the counted pixels to generate a difference waveform, and calculates a travel distance of the solid object based on time variation of the difference waveform.

Abstract: A display that includes a display panel, a controller controlling the display panel, and drivers for driving the display panel, the drivers including a most previous stage driver supplying a data signal from a controller to a subsequent stage driver, and an at least one subsequent stage driver supplying a data signal from a previous stage driver to a subsequent stage driver, the driver device including: a detection unit supplying a monitoring signal indicating whether a data signal is supplied to the subsequent stage driver normally to the controller; and a substitution controller supplying a substitution data signal based on a substitution control signal from the controller, wherein the controller supplies a substitution control signal making the substitution controller supply a substitution data signal when it determines that a data signal is not supplied to the subsequent stage driver normally by the monitoring signal.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provides a TFT array substrate, in which TFT elements and pixel electrodes being correspondingly connected with the TFT elements are arrayed in matrix on an insulating substrate, the TFT array substrate including: gate bus lines made from a first metal material; source bus lines made from a second metal material; pixel electrodes made from a third metal material; a clock wiring made from the first metal material; a branch wiring made from the second metal material; and a connection conductor made from the third metal material, the connection conductor connecting the clock wiring and the branch wiring at a connection part in a periphery area, the connection part having a branch-wiring via hole, which exposes the branch wiring which is covered with the connection conductor, and overlaps the clock wiring at least partly in a plane view.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a transfer device to transfer a toner image formed on an image bearing member onto a recording medium, a sheet separation device to separate the recording medium from the image bearing member, a sheet separation bias application device to apply to the sheet separation device a sheet separation bias in which an alternating current (AC) component is superimposed on a direct current (DC) component, and a transfer bias application device to selectively apply to the transfer device one of a DC transfer bias having a DC component and a superimposed transfer bias in which an AC component is superimposed on a DC component. Upon application of the superimposed transfer bias to the transfer device, the sheet separation bias applied to the sheet separation device is changed from the sheet separation bias applied upon application of the DC transfer bias to the transfer device.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a rotatable image bearing member, a nip forming member, and a power source. The rotatable image bearing member bears a toner image on a surface thereof and rotates. The nip forming member contacts the surface of the image bearing member to form a transfer nip therebetween. The power source applies a transfer bias to the transfer nip to transfer the toner image from the image bearing member onto a recording medium interposed in the transfer nip. The transfer bias includes a superimposed transfer bias in which an alternating current (AC) component is superimposed on a direct current (DC) component and a polarity of the superimposed transfer bias changes with time. A phase difference between an AC voltage and an AC current output from the power source is equal to or less than 0.47 cycles.

Abstract: Described herein is a transfer device that transfers a visualized image formed on an image carrier onto a recording medium. The transfer device includes an image carrier that carries a toner image, a contacting member that contacts the image carrier via a recording medium and a power source that outputs a transfer bias to transfer the toner image from the image carrier onto the recording medium at a transfer nip formed between the image carrier and the contacting member. The transfer bias has a direct current component and an alternating current (AC) component superimposed on the direct current component. The transfer device also includes a controller that controls the power source such that the controller controls a level of the direct current component output from the power source by a constant current control.

Abstract: An ophthalmologic photographing apparatus includes a photographing mode selection unit configured to select one of a plurality of photographing modes respectively corresponding to different photographing conditions, an imaging unit configured to capture an image of a subject's eye, an original image data generation unit configured to process electronic data of the image captured by the imaging unit according to the selected photographing mode and to generate a plurality of original image data differing from one another in spatial resolution and gradation resolution, and an image processing unit configured to generate a electronic image for diagnosis, which has similar gradation resolution to that of each of the plurality of original image data generated by the original image data generation unit.

Abstract: A method of transferring an image includes the steps of; bringing an image bearer bearing an image thereon as a transfer origin in contact with a transferring objective (onto which the image is transferred) as a transfer destination; moving at least one of the image bearer and the transferring objective in a prescribed direction; and sequentially transferring the image borne on the image bearer onto the transferring objective in a contacting section in which the image bearer and the transferring objective contact each other in a direction in which the image does not pass through the contacting section.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a display panel and a display apparatus which can reduce the picture-frame area while sufficiently preventing the delay of signals by allowing a required amount of current to flow. The display panel of the present invention is a display panel which includes a circuit substrate, and an opposed substrate facing the circuit substrate, and which is featured in that the circuit section is arranged in the picture-frame area of the display panel, in that the circuit section includes trunk wiring, and branch wiring connected to the gate electrode or the source electrode of a transistor in the circuit section, and in that all or a part of the trunk wiring is provided on the opposed substrate, and the branch wiring is provided on the circuit substrate so as to be electrically connected to the trunk wiring via a conductor.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a transfer device to transfer a toner image formed on an image bearing member onto a recording medium, a sheet separation device to separate the recording medium from the image bearing member, a sheet separation bias application device to apply to the sheet separation device a sheet separation bias in which an alternating current (AC) component is superimposed on a direct current (DC) component, and a transfer bias application device to selectively apply to the transfer device one of a DC transfer bias having a DC component and a superimposed transfer bias in which an AC component is superimposed on a DC component. Upon application of the superimposed transfer bias to the transfer device, the sheet separation bias applied to the sheet separation device is changed from the sheet separation bias applied upon application of the DC transfer bias to the transfer device.

Abstract: A source and drain electrode layer (3s/3d) of an oxide TFT element (3) is formed by a first conductive layer. A gate electrode (3g) of the oxide TFT element (3) and a gate electrode (5g) of an a-Si TFT element (5) are formed by a single conductive layer, that is, a second conductive layer. A source and drain electrode layer (5s/5d) of the a-Si TFT element (5) is formed by a third conductive layer. The third conductive layer is formed above the second conductive layer in a thickness direction in which each conductive layer is stacked on an insulating substrate (2). Further, the first conductive layer is formed below the second conductive layer in the thickness direction. Therefore, it is possible to provide a circuit board that can have an improved degree of integration of transistor elements formed on the insulating substrate.

Abstract: A shift register is formed by connecting unit circuits 11 in multi-stage. One electrode of a capacitor Cap2 in the unit circuit 11 is connected to the gate terminal (node N1) of a transistor T2, and the other connected to a node N2. A compensation circuit composed of transistors T3 to T5 provides a clock signal CKB to the node N2 when the node N1 potential is at low level, and applies a low-level potential to the node N2 when the node N1 potential is at high level. Accordingly, even when the gate potential of the transistor T2 changes with a change in a clock signal CK, a signal that cancels out the change is provided through the capacitor Cap2, stabilizing the gate potential of the transistor T2. Thus, a change in the control terminal potential of an output transistor associated with a change in a clock signal is prevented.