Abstract: A phase difference observation apparatus includes a light source; an illumination guide to guide illumination light from the light source to an observation target object in a cell culture vessel; an optical imager to form an optical image of the observation target object on an image sensor; and a controller. The illumination guide includes a spatial modulator to change an intensity distribution of the illumination light; the controller contains intensity distribution correction information associating a position of the imaging guide with respect to the cell culture vessel with an intensity distribution of illumination light at the position of the optical imager; the controller acquires imaging system position information, which is the position of the optical imager; and the controller changes an intensity distribution of illumination light in the spatial modulator on the basis of the imaging system position information and the intensity distribution correction information.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide a cell treatment apparatus and a method for treating cells that can suppress a variation of a treatment time of treating cells using laser light. The cell treatment apparatus of the present invention includes: a cell treatment chamber in which cells in a cell culture vessel are treated; an observation unit that can observe the cells; a laser projection unit that can project a laser image onto the cells; a laser moving unit that can move the laser projection unit; and a control unit. The laser projection unit includes: a laser light source; and a laser image generation portion that generates the laser image to be projected onto the cells from laser light oscillated from the laser light source. The control unit controls generation of the laser image by the laser image generation portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cell treatment apparatus capable of treating cells in a cell culture vessel. The cell treatment apparatus 100 according to the present invention includes a first region 1, a second region 3, and a third region 5. The first region 1 and the second region 3 are placed in succession. The first region 1 is a cell treatment chamber for treating cells. The cell treatment chamber can be closed from the outside of the cell treatment chamber and includes a culture vessel placement portion for placing a cell culture vessel. The second region 3 includes: a laser irradiation device capable of irradiating the cell culture vessel placed in the culture vessel placement portion with a laser; and a spot diameter adjustment device that adjusts a spot diameter formed in a portion to be irradiated with the laser in an object to be irradiated.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide a cell treatment apparatus and a method for treating cells that can suppress a variation of a treatment time of treating cells using laser light. The cell treatment apparatus of the present invention includes: a cell treatment chamber in which cells in a cell culture vessel are treated; an observation unit that can observe the cells; a laser projection unit that can project a laser image onto the cells; a laser moving unit that can move the laser projection unit; and a control unit. The laser projection unit includes: a laser light source; and a laser image generation portion that generates the laser image to be projected onto the cells from laser light oscillated from the laser light source. The control unit controls generation of the laser image by the laser image generation portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a phase difference observation apparatus that can reduce the size of the apparatus by not requiring an additional imaging unit and can suppress deterioration of the phase difference image due to the meniscus. The phase difference observation apparatus of the present invention includes a light source; an illumination optical system that guides illumination light from the light source to an observation target object in a cell culture vessel; an imaging optical system that forms an optical image of the observation target object on an image sensor; and a control unit.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cell treatment apparatus capable of treating cells in a cell culture vessel. The cell treatment apparatus 100 according to the present invention includes a first region 1, a second region 3, and a third region 5. The first region 1 and the second region 3 are placed in succession. The first region 1 is a cell treatment chamber for treating cells. The cell treatment chamber can be closed from the outside of the cell treatment chamber and includes a culture vessel placement portion for placing a cell culture vessel. The second region 3 includes: a laser irradiation device capable of irradiating the cell culture vessel placed in the culture vessel placement portion with a laser; and a spot diameter adjustment device that adjusts a spot diameter formed in a portion to be irradiated with the laser in an object to be irradiated.

Abstract: A charging lid device includes a lid that opens and closes a concave portion accommodating a charging inlet provided on a vehicle, and a support arm supporting the lid so that the lid is movable between a fully closing position and a fully opening position for closing and opening the concave portion. The support arm includes first and second swinging arms. One end side of the first swinging arm is attached inside the concave portion so as to swing. One end side of the second swinging arm is connected to the first swinging arm so as to swing and the other end side of the second swinging arm is attached to the lid so as to swing. The lid is arranged at a position displaced from the concave portion and along a surface of the vehicle when the lid is in the fully opening position.

Abstract: A charging lid device includes a lid that opens and closes a concave portion accommodating a charging inlet provided on a vehicle, and a support arm supporting the lid so that the lid is movable between a fully closing position and a fully opening position for closing and opening the concave portion. The support arm includes first and second swinging arms. One end side of the first swinging arm is attached inside the concave portion so as to swing. One end side of the second swinging arm is connected to the first swinging arm so as to swing and the other end side of the second swinging arm is attached to the lid so as to swing. The lid is arranged at a position displaced from the concave portion and along a surface of the vehicle when the lid is in the fully opening position.

Abstract: A power steering apparatus on a motor vehicle such as a riding-type four-wheel motor vehicle includes a steering shaft with at least a steering handle mounted on an upper portion thereof, a lever arm arrangement angularly movable about the axis of the steering shaft, and an actuator arrangement for relatively acting on the steering shaft depending on a change in the arm ratio of the lever arm arrangement to assist in turning the steering shaft.

Abstract: A valve drive system including mechanisms for varying the timing and lift of intake and exhaust valves in internal combustion engines. In one embodiment, an intake camshaft support member and an exhaust camshaft support member are separately mounted to pivot about axes relative to intake and exhaust rocker arms. The support members include concentric mountings along which the support members together with the cams mounted therein move to selectively advance and retard the valve timing and vary the valve lift. In other embodiments, the camshaft support is unitary in construction for both the intake and exhaust valve train. A variety of adjustments are possible with the several configurations including intake valve closure before bottom dead center during partial load operation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a drive train of a wheeled vehicle having an engine and at least one driving wheel, the drive train essentially including a first clutch connected to the engine for receiving driving force therefrom and for outputting the driving force in a variable manner according to driver operation driver; a transmission connected to the first clutch effective for receiving the driving force from the engine as varied by the driving transmitting it a varying rotational speed; and a second clutch connected to the transmission for receiving such driving force from the transmission and transmitting it to the driving wheel by automatically varying the transfer ratio between the transmission and the driving wheel according to the rotational frequency of the transmission output.

Abstract: A sealed-type hydraulic lash adjuster having a reservoir chamber holding a hydraulic oil having a molecular weight distribution substantially equal to the molecular weight distribution of the exterior oil surrounding the lash adjuster. The approximate matching of molecular weight distributions of the hydraulic oil within the lash adjuster, and the exterior oil contacting the outside of the lash adjuster ensures that the volume of oil in the reservoir chamber remains substantially constant, as the amount of hydraulic oil passing through the diaphragm of the lash adjuster from the reservoir is equal to the amount of exterior oil passing through the diaphragm into the reservoir chamber.

Abstract: A chain constituted by an endlessly connected link plate groups each consisting of a plural number of link plates with paired pin-receiving holes and successively connected with adjacent link plate groups with the respective link plates intermeshed with the link plates of adjacent groups and with a shift of one pitch from the latter, by means of paired rocker pins inserted in the pin-receiving holes of the intermeshed link plates in back-to-back relation with each other, the rocker pins being formed in an arcuate shape and spaced from each other by a predetermined gap space when the centers of the pin-receiving holes of the intermeshed link plates are brought into alignment with each other.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes an engine body having a chamber and an endless transmission member extended around and operatively engaged with a crankshaft and a cam shaft to transmit a rotation of the crankshaft to the cam shaft, the endless transmission member being movable along a closed path of travel in the chamber. A hollow mounting member is disposed in the chamber and has an upper open end and a lower tubular portion. The mounting member is fixed to the engine body through fastening elements secured to an upper portion of a peripheral wall of the mounting member. A tensioner device is disposed in the chamber and includes a tensioner member movably mounted on the engine body, and a hydraulic lock mechanism including a hollow cylinder and a plunger slidably received in the cylinder to define a hydraulic chamber in the cylinder. The cylinder is received in the hollow mounting member and snugly fitted in the lower tubular portion of the mounting member against movement.

Abstract: A valve train for an internal combustion engine includes a mounting member mounted on a cylinder head, and a pair of elongated rocker arms interposed between a camshaft and the mounting member. Each rocker arm has opposite first and second sides facing a camshaft and the mounting member, respectively. The rocker arm has opposite ends held respectively against the camshaft and a respective one of intake and exhaust valves at the first side of the rocker arm. A pair of hydraulic tappets are mounted on the mounting member. Each hydraulic tappet includes an axially-extensible elongated body, and a tubular boot of an elastic material mounted around the body to form an oil reservoir therebetween.

Abstract: A link-type V-belt having links of parallel link plates. Each link includes a transverse block for accommodating the compressive stress imposed by the V-belt running through a pulley. Aprons on the link plates extend to define bearing plate portions at either end of the transverse block. These bearing plate portions define the V-belt configuration by being inwardly inclined. Intermediate link plates within each link also act by means of block supporting holes to locate the blocks between the bearing support portions. Pins join the links together to form a continuous belt.

Abstract: A drive chain belt is fitted around a V-type pulley with a pair of inclined walls movable toward and away from each other. The chain belt comprises an endless chain which is formed by pivotally connecting a plural number of rows of link members by pins. An inner extension is provided on an appropriate number or each of the link members projecting radially inward of the pulley when the chain is fitted thereon. An opening is formed in each one of the inner extension so as to fit V-blocks in the openings. Each V-block has an inclined end face adapted to be brought into engagement with the inclined walls of the V-pulley to increase the contact area to the inclined walls of the pulley. Interference portions are a provided on opposing end faces of the link members in at least one row thereof to prevent outward deflection of the chain belt beyond a predetermined angle.

Abstract: A power transmission chain includes a plurality of link plate units each composed of a pair of outer link plates and a plurality of inner link plates disposed inwardly of the outer link plates, a plurality of joint plates connecting the outer link plates and the inner link plates and coupling the link plate units in an endless loop pattern, and a plurality of power transmission blocks extending transversely across the link plates and supported by the inner link plates.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is a valve actuating mechanism having a stopping function for use in an internal combustion engine of the type, in which at least one pair of intake or exhaust valves having an identical function and disposed adjacent to each other are arranged for one cylinder. First and second rocker arms respectively having arms abutting against the upper ends of the paired intake or exhaust valves are rockingly supported on a common support shaft which is fixed on the engine body while having an axis perpendicular to the operating directions of the valves. The first rocker arm is formed with a cylinder bore which is opened toward the second rocker arm to bear a plunger therein whereas the second rocker arm is formed with a guide bore which is opened toward the first rocker arm to fit the plunger therein.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is a valve actuating mechanism having a stopping function for use in an internal combustion engine of the type, in which at least one pair of intake or exhaust valves having an identical function and disposed adjacent to each other are arranged for one cylinder. First and second rocker arms respectively having arms abutting against the upper ends of the paired intake or exhaust valves are rockingly supported on a common support shaft which is fixed on the engine body while having an axis perpendicular to the operating directions of the valves. The first rocker arm is formed with a cylinder bore which is opened toward the second rocker arm to bear a plunger therein whereas the second rocker arm is formed with a guide bore which is opened toward the first rocker arm to fit the plunger therein.