Abstract: Oligonucleotide constructs are described, each comprising a functional element and a coding element, wherein the functional element comprises a functional sequence, the functional sequence comprising a sequence of nucleotides in which one or more, or each, nucleotide is modified and the coding element comprises a coding sequence, the coding sequence comprising a sequence of nucleotides which do not contain the modifications of the functional sequence, wherein the coding sequence encodes the sequence structure of the functional sequence.

Abstract: A novel method for efficiently manufacturing a functional molecule with affinity for a target substance is provided along with a functional molecule manufactured by this method. The method for manufacturing a functional molecule includes binding, to a resin, a specific substance having a cleavable linker which is a site that is cleavable under a specific condition to prepare a specific-substance-bound resin, treating this specific-substance-bound resin with a solution comprising functional molecule candidates, and then cleaving the cleavable linker under the specific condition to select a functional molecule which has interacted specifically with the specific substance.

Abstract: To provide a functional molecule including a modified nucleotide unit having a substituent introduced to a base thereof, wherein the substituent is removably introduced to the base; a functional molecule synthesizing amidite that has a substituent removably introduced to its base and that is used for the manufacture of the functional molecule; and a target substance analysis method including: preparing a random pool of functional molecules using a functional molecule synthesizing amidite; screening a functional molecule having affinity for a target substance from the random pool; amplifying the functional molecules having affinity for the target substance, wherein the method further comprises, prior to the amplification step, removing a substituent from the functional molecule having affinity for the target substance.

Abstract: To provide a functional molecule including a modified nucleotide unit having a substituent introduced to a base thereof, wherein the substituent is removably introduced to the base; a functional molecule synthesizing amidite that has a substituent removably introduced to its base and that is used for the manufacture of the functional molecule; and a target substance analysis method including: preparing a random pool of functional molecules using a functional molecule synthesizing amidite; screening a functional molecule having affinity for a target substance from the random pool; amplifying the functional molecules having affinity for the target substance, wherein the method further comprises, prior to the amplification step, removing a substituent from the functional molecule having affinity for the target substance.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing carbon cylindrical structures, as represented by carbon nanotubes, by growing them on a substrate using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, comprising the steps of implanting metal ions to the substrate surface and then growing the carbon cylindrical structures using the metal ions as a catalyst. A method of manufacturing carbon nanotubes comprising a step of using nano-carbon material as seed material for growing carbon nanotubes is also disclosed. A biopolymer detection device comprising vibration inducing part for inducing vibration, binding part capable of resonating with the vibration induced by the vibration inducing part and capable of binding or interacting with a target biopolymer, and detection part for detecting whether or not the binding part have bound or interacted with the target biopolymer, is also disclosed.

Abstract: To provide a functional molecule including a modified nucleotide unit having a substituent introduced to a base thereof, wherein the substituent is removably introduced to the base; a functional molecule synthesizing amidite that has a substituent removably introduced to its base and that is used for the manufacture of the functional molecule; and a target substance analysis method including: preparing a random pool of functional molecules using a functional molecule synthesizing amidite; screening a functional molecule having affinity for a target substance from the random pool; amplifying the functional molecules having affinity for the target substance, wherein the method further comprises, prior to the amplification step, removing a substituent from the functional molecule having affinity for the target substance.

Abstract: To provide a functional molecule including a modified nucleotide unit having a substituent introduced to a base thereof, wherein the substituent is removably introduced to the base; a functional molecule synthesizing amidite that has a substituent removably introduced to its base and that is used for the manufacture of the functional molecule; and a target substance analysis method including: preparing a random pool of functional molecules using a functional molecule synthesizing amidite; screening a functional molecule having affinity for a target substance from the random pool; amplifying the functional molecules having affinity for the target substance, wherein the method further comprises, prior to the amplification step, removing a substituent from the functional molecule having affinity for the target substance.

Abstract: A protein detecting device, which comprises: (1) a detecting unit having a bonding section, which has properties for specifically bonding to a protein to be detected, a detecting section for detecting the bonding of the protein to be detected to the bonding section, the detecting section being made up of a polynucleotide double strand and a charge separating group, and an electrode section detecting the change in electrical conductivity of, or amount of transferred charge in, the polynucleotide double strand modified by the bond of the protein, (2) a standard electrode, (3) a reference electrode, (4) a container for housing the detecting unit, the standard electrode and the reference electrode, and containing a sample solutions comprising the protein to be detected, and (5) a measuring unit for measuring the protein based on a signal detected in the detecting unit.

Abstract: A novel method for efficiently manufacturing a functional molecule with affinity for a target substance is provided along with a functional molecule manufactured by this method. The method for manufacturing a functional molecule includes binding, to a resin, a specific substance having a cleavable linker which is a site that is cleavable under a specific condition to prepare a specific-substance-bound resin, treating this specific-substance-bound resin with a solution comprising functional molecule candidates, and then cleaving the cleavable linker under the specific condition to select a functional molecule which has interacted specifically with the specific substance.

Abstract: Novel technologies are provided to determine the structure of and produce a functional substance that has a high affinity to a target. Candidates for a substance having an affinity to a target (functional substance) are synthesized; a functional substance that has an affinity to the target is selected from among the functional substance candidates; a specific substituent group is eliminated from the selected functional substance; the functional substance from which the specific substituent group has been eliminated is amplified; the structure of the amplified functional substance is determined; and the functional substance is produced, based on the structure.

Abstract: A device for quantitatively determining an analyte is provided to conspicuously improve the performance of the quantitative determination. This device is equipped with a flow channel, an analyte detecting unit for capturing and detecting the analyte, and a quantitative measurement unit for quantitatively determining the analyte, wherein a signal generated when the analyte detecting unit has detected the analyte is divided into a plurality of parts in the direction of the flow in the flow channel at the quantitative measurement unit for processing. Also provided are technologies including one for controlling the density of molecules attached to the surface of a solid. In these technologies, when molecules are attached to a substrate, the density of attached molecules is controlled, by having an electrolyte also present in a solution containing the molecules to adjust the screening effect by the electrolyte, and by taking into consideration the effective size of a molecule.

Abstract: A modified nucleotide n-mer (where n is an integer of 2 or more) is used which comprises a nucleoside unit with a substituent group introduced into the base, wherein the substituent group is bound to the base via a triple bond. Novel nucleotide oligomers, nucleotide polymers, and nucleosides which can be used as raw materials or intermediates in the synthesis of this nucleotide oligomer and nucleotide polymer, as well as novel techniques for structural determination and manufacture of a functional substance having high affinity for a target, are provided.

Abstract: A protein detecting device, which comprises: (1) a detecting unit having a bonding section, which has properties for specifically bonding to a protein to be detected, a detecting section for detecting the bonding of the protein to be detected to the bonding section, the detecting section being made up of a polynucleotide double strand and a charge separating group, and an electrode section detecting the change in electrical conductivity of, or amount of transferred charge in, the polynucleotide double strand modified by the bond of the protein, (2) a standard electrode, (3) a reference electrode, (4) a container for housing the detecting unit, the standard electrode and the reference electrode, and containing a sample solutions comprising the protein to be detected, and (5) a measuring unit for measuring the protein based on a signal detected in the detecting unit.

Abstract: To provide an amidite for nucleic acid synthesis, which enables a protective group therein to be removed under moderate conditions and can be practically used, and a nucleic acid synthesizing method using the amidite for nucleic acid synthesis. Specifically, the present invention relates to an amidite for nucleic acid synthesis represented by General Formula (I) below, and a nucleic acid synthesizing method using the amidite for nucleic acid synthesis: where X denotes a base; Y denotes a protective group formed of any one of a 4-aminobutyric acid derivative, an o-aminomethylbenzoic acid derivative, an o-aminophenylacetic acid derivative, an o-aminoethylbenzoic acid derivative, an o-aminomethylphenylacetic acid derivative, an o-aminophenylpropionic acid derivative and a 5-aminovaleric acid derivative; and Q denotes one of a hydrogen atom and a hydroxyl group.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing carbon cylindrical structures, as represented by carbon nanotubes, by growing them on a substrate using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, comprising the steps of implanting metal ions to the substrate surface and then growing the carbon cylindrical structures using the metal ions as a catalyst. A method of manufacturing carbon nanotubes comprising a step of using nano-carbon material as seed material for growing carbon nanotubes is also disclosed. A biopolymer detection device comprising vibration inducing part for inducing vibration, binding part capable of resonating with the vibration induced by the vibration inducing part and capable of binding or interacting with a target biopolymer, and detection part for detecting whether or not the binding part have bound or interacted with the target biopolymer, is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing a functional molecule includes a forming step which forms a modified nucleotide n-mer (where, n represents an integer) containing a modified nucleoside prepared by introducing a substituent into a nucleoside composing a nucleic acid; and a producing step which produces a modified oligonucleotide sequence by randomly polymerizing the modified nucleotide n-mer. A preferable embodiment thereof includes a selecting step which selects a sequence having an affinity to a target from the modified oligonucleotide sequence, a determining step which amplifies the selected modified oligonucleotide sequence and determines the base sequence thereof, and a translating step which translates the sequence of the modified oligonucleotide sequence on the basis of a relation table prepared by relating at least one of 4n kinds of nucleotide n-mers, which are presented in the relation table prepared by the one-to-one combination of 4 kinds of nucleosides, to a modified nucleotide n-mer.

Abstract: To provide a functional molecule including a modified nucleotide unit having a substituent introduced to a base thereof, wherein the substituent is removably introduced to the base; a functional molecule synthesizing amidite that has a substituent removably introduced to its base and that is used for the manufacture of the functional molecule; and a target substance analysis method including: preparing a random pool of functional molecules using a functional molecule synthesizing amidite; screening a functional molecule having affinity for a target substance from the random pool; amplifying the functional molecules having affinity for the target substance, wherein the method further comprises, prior to the amplification step, removing a substituent from the functional molecule having affinity for the target substance.

Abstract: A modified nucleotide n-mer (where n is an integer of 2 or more) is used which comprises a nucleoside unit with a substituent group introduced into the base, wherein the substituent group is bound to the base via a triple bond. Novel nucleotide oligomers, nucleotide polymers, and nucleosides which can be used as raw materials or intermediates in the synthesis of this nucleotide oligomer and nucleotide polymer, as well as novel techniques for structural determination and manufacture of a functional substance having high affinity for a target, are provided.

Abstract: A membrane protein is brought into contact with a pool of functional molecule candidates including a modified oligonucleotide sequence obtained by random polymerization of modified nucleotide n-mers (wherein n is an integer) having a modified nucleoside having a substituent introduced therein, then the membrane protein is treated with a protease, and the functional molecule that has bound to the membrane protein is isolated. The corresponding unmodified molecule is amplified from this function molecule, the sequence of corresponding unmodified molecules obtained by the amplification is decoded, and the decoding results are translated into the sequence of the isolated functional molecule. The functional molecule can be manufactured based on this translation.

Abstract: To provide an amidite for nucleic acid synthesis, which enables a protective group therein to be removed under moderate conditions and can be practically used, and a nucleic acid synthesizing method using the amidite for nucleic acid synthesis. Specifically, the present invention relates to an amidite for nucleic acid synthesis represented by General Formula (I) below, and a nucleic acid synthesizing method using the amidite for nucleic acid synthesis: where X denotes a base; Y denotes a protective group formed of any one of a 4-aminobutyric acid derivative, an o-aminomethylbenzoic acid derivative, an o-aminophenylacetic acid derivative, an o-aminoethylbenzoic acid derivative, an o-aminomethylphenylacetic acid derivative, an o-aminophenylpropionic acid derivative and a 5-aminovaleric acid derivative; and Q denotes one of a hydrogen atom and a hydroxyl group.