Abstract: The invention provides a process for production of carbon nanotubes whereby a laminate prepared by alternating lamination of a metal catalyst and a material other than the metal catalyst is cut to expose the laminated structure, and carbon nanotubes are grown on the metal catalyst at the cut surface of the laminate. The process results in high-quality carbon nanotubes, with minimized bundle growth, which are each individually and independently arranged in a highly precise manner at prescribed locations. The invention also provides a carbon nanotube production process comprising a step of preparing a substrate which is inclined in one or two dimensions from a specific highly symmetrical crystal orientation and vapor depositing a metal catalyst along the atomic steps appearing on the surface of the substrate, and a step of growing the carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using the metal catalyst as nuclei.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for production of carbon nanotubes whereby a laminate prepared by alternating lamination of a metal catalyst and a material other than the metal catalyst is cut to expose the laminated structure, and carbon nanotubes are grown on the metal catalyst at the cut surface of the laminate. The process results in high-quality carbon nanotubes, with minimized bundle growth, which are each individually and independently arranged in a highly precise manner at prescribed locations. The invention also provides a carbon nanotube production process comprising a step of preparing a substrate which is inclined in one or two dimensions from a specific highly symmetrical crystal orientation and vapor depositing a metal catalyst along the atomic steps appearing on the surface of the substrate, and a step of growing the carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using the metal catalyst as nuclei.

Abstract: A novel method for efficiently manufacturing a functional molecule with affinity for a target substance is provided along with a functional molecule manufactured by this method. The method for manufacturing a functional molecule includes binding, to a resin, a specific substance having a cleavable linker which is a site that is cleavable under a specific condition to prepare a specific-substance-bound resin, treating this specific-substance-bound resin with a solution comprising functional molecule candidates, and then cleaving the cleavable linker under the specific condition to select a functional molecule which has interacted specifically with the specific substance.

Abstract: A novel method for efficiently manufacturing a functional molecule with affinity for a target substance is provided along with a functional molecule manufactured by this method. The method for manufacturing a functional molecule includes binding, to a resin, a specific substance having a cleavable linker which is a site that is cleavable under a specific condition to prepare a specific-substance-bound resin, treating this specific-substance-bound resin with a solution comprising functional molecule candidates, and then cleaving the cleavable linker under the specific condition to select a functional molecule which has interacted specifically with the specific substance.

Abstract: A device for quantitatively determining an analyte is provided to conspicuously improve the performance of the quantitative determination. This device is equipped with a flow channel, an analyte detecting unit for capturing and detecting the analyte, and a quantitative measurement unit for quantitatively determining the analyte, wherein a signal generated when the analyte detecting unit has detected the analyte is divided into a plurality of parts in the direction of the flow in the flow channel at the quantitative measurement unit for processing. Also provided are technologies including one for controlling the density of molecules attached to the surface of a solid. In these technologies, when molecules are attached to a substrate, the density of attached molecules is controlled, by having an electrolyte also present in a solution containing the molecules to adjust the screening effect by the electrolyte, and by taking into consideration the effective size of a molecule.

Abstract: The method for producing an artificial enzyme according to the invention is a method for producing an artificial enzyme and includes the step of selecting an artificial enzyme precursor which includes an oligonucleotide sequence containing modified nucleosides prepared by introducing a substituent into each nucleoside and at least one of the modified nucleoside capable of reacting with a raw substance of a target reaction which the artificial enzyme catalyzes; and the step of producing the artificial enzyme which is capable of catalyzing a target reaction and includes the oligonucleotide sequence in which the modified nucleoside capable of reacting with the raw substance of the artificial enzyme precursor is substituted with a non-reactive modified nucleoside which is non-reactive with the raw substance of the target reaction.

Abstract: Novel technologies are provided to determine the structure of and produce a functional substance that has a high affinity to a target. Candidates for a substance having an affinity to a target (functional substance) is synthesized; a functional substance that has an affinity to the target is selected from among the functional substance candidates; a specific substituent group is eliminated from the selected functional substance; the functional substance from which the specific substituent group has been eliminated is amplified; the structure of the amplified functional substance is determined; and the functional substance is produced, based on the structure.

Abstract: The invention concerns a structured semiconductor surface as basis for molecular electronics or molecular electronics-based bio-sensors. The starting point is a heterostructure consisting of two undoped layers of a semiconductor material that are separated by an extremely thin (a few nm) layer of a different semiconductor material. This material stack is cleaved perpendicular to the layer planes and the middle layer is selectively etched. Source- and drain contacts for conductive organic “wires” are by built by evaporation with a thin metal film. The middle conductive layer can be employed as electrostatic gate. An assembly for contacting a few up to single wires can be obtained by two sequential separations and evaporations. Possible organic wires are e.g. molecules with conjugated (E-electron system, DNA-oligonucleotides or carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: A device for quantitatively determining an analyte is provided to conspicuously improve the performance of the quantitative determination. This device is equipped with a flow channel, an analyte detecting unit for capturing and detecting the analyte, and a quantitative measurement unit for quantitatively determining the analyte, wherein a signal generated when the analyte detecting unit has detected the analyte is divided into a plurality of parts in the direction of the flow in the flow channel at the quantitative measurement unit for processing. Also provided are technologies including one for controlling the density of molecules attached to the surface of a solid. In these technologies, when molecules are attached to a substrate, the density of attached molecules is controlled, by having an electrolyte also present in a solution containing the molecules to adjust the screening effect by the electrolyte, and by taking into consideration the effective size of a molecule.

Abstract: The present invention provides, for example, a target detecting device comprising a target capturer, means for releasing the target capturer, light irradiating means and light detecting means, the target capturer at least partially containing a region interactive with an electrically conductive member, being capable of capturing a target, and being capable of emitting light upon irradiation with light in the case of not interacting with the electrically conductive member, the means for releasing the target capturer serving to release the target capturer from the electrically conductive member by ceasing the interaction between the target capturer and the electrically conductive member, the light irradiating means serving to apply light to the electrically conductive member, and the light detecting means serving to detect light emitted by the target capturer upon irradiation of light applied by the light irradiating means.

Abstract: A molecule-releasing apparatus includes a releasing unit configured to release molecules, wherein the releasing unit comprises at least one conductive member and releases molecules electrically interacting with the conductive member to which a potential is applied, from the conductive member by changing the potential so as to remove the interaction. In a moleculue-releasing method, molecules electrically attracted to two or more conductive members are released by electrical repulsion from the conductive members at different times. The molecule-releasing apparatus and molecule-releasing method are capable of efficiently releasing or transferring various useful molecules such as DNA molecules, into targets such as cells and can be safely applied for use in gene therapy and other applications.

Abstract: A process for producing a functional molecule includes a forming step which forms a modified nucleotide n-mer (where, n represents an integer) containing a modified nucleoside prepared by introducing a substituent into a nucleoside composing a nucleic acid; and a producing step which produces a modified oligonucleotide sequence by randomly polymerizing the modified nucleotide n-mer. A preferable embodiment thereof includes a selecting step which selects a sequence having an affinity to a target from the modified oligonucleotide sequence, a determining step which amplifies the selected modified oligonucleotide sequence and determines the base sequence thereof, and a translating step which translates the sequence of the modified oligonucleotide sequence on the basis of a relation table prepared by relating at least one of 4n kinds of nucleotide n-mers, which are presented in the relation table prepared by the one-to-one combination of 4 kinds of nucleosides, to a modified nucleotide n-mer.

Abstract: A protein detecting device, which comprises: (1) a detecting unit having a bonding section, which has properties for specifically bonding to a protein to be detected, a detecting section for detecting the bonding of the protein to be detected to the bonding section, the detecting section being made up of a polynucleotide double strand and a charge separating group, and an electrode section detecting the change in electrical conductivity of, or amount of transferred charge in, the polynucleotide double strand modified by the bond of the protein, (2) a standard electrode, (3) a reference electrode, (4) a container for housing the detecting unit, the standard electrode and the reference electrode, and containing a sample solutions comprising the protein to be detected, and (5) a measuring unit for measuring the protein based on a signal detected in the detecting unit.

Abstract: In an analyte evaluating device comprising a carrier body that can be bound with an analyte having a fluorescence-labeled part that can emit fluorescence by light received when the distance between the fluorescence-labeled part and the carrier body is enlarged, at least one factor selected from the group consisting of a light irradiation angle, a light irradiation intensity, a light irradiation area, a fluorescence detection angle, a fluorescence detection area, the shape of the carrier body, the surface area of the carrier body, a salt concentration in a medium for use in the detection, and the adhesion density of analytes on the carrier body, is made to be adjustable. A high sensitivity is realized. Evaluation is possible without introducing fluorescence-labeled parts. Evaluation for a tiny amount of sample is possible. It is also possible to evaluate objects in a mixed state. Miniaturized, complex, and integrated devices are possible.

Abstract: An analyte evaluating device is provided that comprises a carrier body that can be bound with an analyte having a fluorescence-labeled part that can emit fluorescence by light received when the distance between the fluorescence-labeled part and the carrier body is enlarged, wherein the distance between the fluorescence-labeled part and the carrier body can be varied by a responding part equipped on at least one of the analyte and the carrier body. It is possible to perform a high-sensitivity evaluation without introducing a fluorescence-labeled part or a radioactive material into an evaluation object. Evaluation is possible for a very small amount of sample. Furthermore, evaluation is possible even when multiple types of evaluation objects are present in a mixture. Miniaturized, complex, and integrated analyte evaluating devices can be provided.

Abstract: A protein detecting device, which comprises: (1) a detecting unit having a bonding section, which has properties for specifically bonding to a protein to be detected, a detecting section for detecting the bonding of the protein to be detected to the bonding section, the detecting section being made up of a polynucleotide double strand and a charge separating group, and an electrode section detecting the change in electrical conductivity of, or amount of transferred charge in, the polynucleotide double strand modified by the bond of the protein, (2) a standard electrode, (3) a reference electrode, (4) a container for housing the detecting unit, the standard electrode and the reference electrode, and containing a sample solutions comprising the protein to be detected, and (5) a measuring unit for measuring the protein based on a signal detected in the detecting unit.

Abstract: An electronic device which comprises one or more functional elements consisting of a high molecular weight material which has a steric structure containing one or more three-dimensionally disposed modifying functional groups, the steric structure on the high molecular weight material being known or predictable. In the electronic device, the high molecular weight material is a biopolymer, a synthetic polymer or a combination thereof, and the modifying functional groups are selected from the group consisting of positive hole-transporting functional groups, electron-transporting functional groups and a combination thereof. The electronic device includes a wide variety of devices such as diodes such as photodiodes and light-emitting diodes, capacitors, resistors and transistors such as bipolar transistors and FETs (field effect transistors).

Abstract: A method of manufacturing carbon cylindrical structures, as represented by carbon nanotubes, by growing them on a substrate using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, comprising the steps of implanting metal ions to the substrate surface and then growing the carbon cylindrical structures using the metal ions as a catalyst. A method of manufacturing carbon nanotubes comprising a step of using nano-carbon material as seed material for growing carbon nanotubes is also disclosed. A biopolymer detection device comprising vibration inducing means for inducing vibration, binding means capable of resonating with the vibration induced by the vibration inducing means and capable of binding or interacting with a target biopolymer, and detection means for detecting whether or not the binding means have bound or interacted with the target biopolymer, is also disclosed.

Abstract: A protein detecting device, which comprises: (1) a detecting unit having a bonding section, which has properties for specifically bonding to a protein to be detected, a detecting section for detecting the bonding of the protein to be detected to the bonding section, the detecting section being made up of a polynucleotide double strand and a charge separating group, and an electrode section detecting the change in electrical conductivity of, or amount of transferred charge in, the polynucleotide double strand modified by the bond of the protein, (2) a standard electrode, (3) a reference electrode, (4) a container for housing the detecting unit, the standard electrode and the reference electrode, and containing a sample solutions comprising the protein to be detected, and (5) a measuring unit for measuring the protein based on a signal detected in the detecting unit.

Abstract: A biodegradable resin molded article molded from a kneaded material obtained by kneading, melting or mixing a biodegradable resin raw material and at least one of a biodegradable additive and an additive made of a substance existing in the nature, an injection molded article of a biodegradable resin containing a biodegradable resin and an anti-biotic substance, a molded article of a resin composition including a polymer material having an ester bond in the polymer main chain thereof and an alkali or acid component in an amount effective for neutralizing an acidic or alkaline component contained in the polymer material, and a resin molded article having a layer of a biodegradable resin, and a layer of a photolytic resin covering the resin layer and containing an antibiotic.