Abstract: A computer system that supports virtualization may maintain multiple address spaces. Each guest operating system employs guest virtual addresses (GVAs), which are translated to guest physical addresses (GPAs). A hypervisor, which manages one or more guest operating systems, translates GPAs to root physical addresses (RPAs). A merged translation lookaside buffer (MTLB) caches translations between the multiple addressing domains, enabling faster address translation and memory access. The MTLB can be logically addressable as multiple different caches, and can be reconfigured to allot different spaces to each logical cache. Further, a collapsed TLB provides an additional cache storing collapsed translations derived from the MTLB.

Abstract: A computer system that supports virtualization may maintain multiple address spaces. Each guest operating system employs guest virtual addresses (GVAs), which are translated to guest physical addresses (GPAs). A hypervisor, which manages one or more guest operating systems, translates GPAs to root physical addresses (RPAs). A merged translation lookaside buffer (MTLB) caches translations between the multiple addressing domains, enabling faster address translation and memory access. The MTLB can be logically addressable as multiple different caches, and can be reconfigured to allot different spaces to each logical cache.

Abstract: Each of multiple translation lookaside buffers (TLBs) is associated with a corresponding processing element. A first TLB invalidation (TLBI) instruction is issued at a first processing element, and sent to a second processing element. An element-specific synchronization instruction is issued at the first processing element. A synchronization command is broadcast, and received at the second processing element. The element-specific synchronization instruction prevents issuance of additional TLBI instructions at the first processing element until an acknowledgement in response to the synchronization command is received at the first processing element.

Abstract: According to at least one example embodiment, a method and corresponding apparatus for conditionally storing data include initiating an atomic sequence by executing, by a core processor, an instruction/operation designed to initiate an atomic sequence. Executing the instruction designed to initiate the atomic sequence includes loading content associated with a memory location into a first cache memory, and maintaining an indication of the memory location and a copy of the corresponding content loaded. A conditional storing operation is then performed, the conditional storing operation includes a compare-and-swap operation, executed by a controller associated with a second cache memory, based on the maintained copy of the content and the indication of the memory location.

Abstract: According to at least one example embodiment, a method and corresponding processor device comprise maintaining a translation data structure mapping uncompressed process context identifiers to corresponding compressed identifiers, the uncompressed process context identifiers and the corresponding compressed identifiers being associated with address spaces or corresponding computer processes. The compressed identifiers are employed to probe, or access, one or more structures of the processor device in executing an operation associated with a computer process.

Abstract: A computer system that supports virtualization may maintain multiple address spaces. Each guest operating system employs guest virtual addresses (GVAs), which are translated to guest physical addresses (GPAs). A hypervisor, which manages one or more guest operating systems, translates GPAs to root physical addresses (RPAs). A merged translation lookaside buffer (MTLB) caches translations between the multiple addressing domains, enabling faster address translation and memory access. The MTLB can be logically addressable as multiple different caches, and can be reconfigured to allot different spaces to each logical cache. Further, a collapsed TLB is an additional cache storing collapsed translations derived from the MTLB. Entries in the MTLB, the collapsed TLB, and other caches can be maintained for consistency.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention includes a method for providing a cache block in an exclusive state to a first cache and providing the same cache block in the exclusive state to a second cache when cores accessing the two caches are executing redundant threads. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: According to at least one example embodiment, a method and corresponding processor device comprise maintaining a translation data structure mapping uncompressed process context identifiers to corresponding compressed identifiers, the uncompressed process context identifiers and the corresponding compressed identifiers being associated with address spaces or corresponding computer processes. The compressed identifiers are employed to probe, or access, one or more structures of the processor device in executing an operation associated with a computer process.

Abstract: According to at least one example embodiment, a method and corresponding apparatus for conditionally storing data include initiating an atomic sequence by executing, by a core processor, an instruction/operation designed to initiate an atomic sequence. Executing the instruction designed to initiate the atomic sequence includes loading content associated with a memory location into a first cache memory, and maintaining an indication of the memory location and a copy of the corresponding content loaded. A conditional storing operation is then performed, the conditional storing operation includes a compare-and-swap operation, executed by a controller associated with a second cache memory, based on the maintained copy of the content and the indication of the memory location.

Abstract: A computer system that supports virtualization may maintain multiple address spaces. Each guest operating system employs guest virtual addresses (GVAs), which are translated to guest physical addresses (GPAs). A hypervisor, which manages one or more guest operating systems, translates GPAs to root physical addresses (RPAs). A merged translation lookaside buffer (MTLB) caches translations between the multiple addressing domains, enabling faster address translation and memory access. The MTLB can be logically addressable as multiple different caches, and can be reconfigured to allot different spaces to each logical cache.

Abstract: A computer system that supports virtualization may maintain multiple address spaces. Each guest operating system employs guest virtual addresses (GVAs), which are translated to guest physical addresses (GPAs). A hypervisor, which manages one or more guest operating systems, translates GPAs to root physical addresses (RPAs). A merged translation lookaside buffer (MTLB) caches translations between the multiple addressing domains, enabling faster address translation and memory access. The MTLB can be logically addressable as multiple different caches, and can be reconfigured to allot different spaces to each logical cache. Further, a collapsed TLB provides an additional cache storing collapsed translations derived from the MTLB.

Abstract: A computer system that supports virtualization may maintain multiple address spaces. Each guest operating system employs guest virtual addresses (GVAs), which are translated to guest physical addresses (GPAs). A hypervisor, which manages one or more guest operating systems, translates GPAs to root physical addresses (RPAs). A merged translation lookaside buffer (MTLB) caches translations between the multiple addressing domains, enabling faster address translation and memory access. The MTLB can be logically addressable as multiple different caches, and can be reconfigured to allot different spaces to each logical cache. Further, a collapsed TLB is an additional cache storing collapsed translations derived from the MTLB. Entries in the MTLB, the collapsed TLB, and other caches can be maintained for consistency.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is described herein for replacing faulty core components. General purpose hardware is provided to replace core pipeline components, such as execution units. In the embodiment of execution unit replacement, a proxy unit is provided, such that mapping logic is able to map instruction/operations, which correspond to faulty execution units, to the proxy unit. As a result, the proxy unit is able to receive the operations, send them to general purpose hardware for execution, and subsequently write-back the execution results to a register file; it essentially replaces the defective execution unit allowing a processor with defective units to be sold or continue operation.

Abstract: A method for detecting transient fault includes translating binary code to an intermediate language code. An instruction of interest in the intermediate language code is identified. Reliability instructions are inserted in the intermediate language code to validate values from the instruction of interest. The intermediate language code is translated to binary code. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: Embodiments of an invention for synchronizing redundant processors using state history are disclosed. In one embodiment, an apparatus includes two processors, state storage for each processor, and control logic. Each processor is to execute the same instructions. The state storage is to store compressed processor state information for each instruction executed by the processors. The control logic is to synchronize the two processors based on entries from the state storage.

Abstract: A method for detecting transient fault includes translating binary code to an intermediate language code. An instruction of interest in the intermediate language code is identified. Reliability instructions are inserted in the intermediate language code to validate values from the instruction of interest. The intermediate language code is translated to binary code. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: A method for detecting transient fault includes translating binary code to an intermediate language code. An instruction of interest in the intermediate language code is identified. Reliability instructions are inserted in the intermediate language code to validate values from the instruction of interest. The intermediate language code is translated to binary code. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is described herein for replacing faulty core components. General purpose hardware is provided to replace core pipeline components, such as execution units. In the embodiment of execution unit replacement, a proxy unit is provided, such that mapping logic is able to map instruction/operations, which correspond to faulty execution units, to the proxy unit. As a result, the proxy unit is able to receive the operations, send them to general purpose hardware for execution, and subsequently write-back the execution results to a register file; it essentially replaces the defective execution unit allowing a processor with defective units to be sold or continue operation.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to efficiently detect faults are described. In an embodiment, an encoded value may be generated based on a portion of an instruction address and a portion of a corresponding result value. The encoded value may be used to determine whether an entry corresponding to the encoded value is absent from a screening storage unit. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: Embodiments of an invention for synchronizing redundant processors using state history are disclosed. In one embodiment, an apparatus includes two processors, state storage for each processor, and control logic. Each processor is to execute the same instructions. The state storage is to store compressed processor state information for each instruction executed by the processors. The control logic is to synchronize the two processors based on entries from the state storage.