Abstract: An acoustic apparatus has permanent magnets 2 and 3, which have north poles and south poles magnetized alternately in a stripe-like fashion, at the front and back of a diaphragm 1, respectively; and has a conductor circuit 4 wired on the diaphragm 1 along the stripe-like poles of the permanent magnets 2 and 3. This offers an advantage of being able to prevent an echo. The diaphragm 1, permanent magnets 2 and 3, conductor circuit 4, spacer 5, and iron plates 6 and 7 are installed in a baffle 8.

Abstract: An acoustic apparatus has permanent magnets 2 and 3, which have north poles and south poles magnetized alternately in a stripe-like fashion, at the front and back of a diaphragm 1, respectively; and has a conductor circuit 4 wired on the diaphragm 1 along the stripe-like poles of the permanent magnets 2 and 3. This offers an advantage of being able to prevent an echo. The diaphragm 1, permanent magnets 2 and 3, conductor circuit 4, spacer 5, and iron plates 6 and 7 are installed in a baffle 8.

Abstract: A moving object 1 equipped with ultra-directional speaker is provided with an emitter 44 for measuring a distance to a target 11 to which it is to provide a voice by using an ultrasonic transmit sensor 45 and an ultrasonic receive sensor 46 thereof, and for emitting an output signal having a predetermined sound level which is adjusted by an amplifier 34 with sound level adjusting function. The moving object 1 can thus transmit a voice having an optimal volume only to the specific target through parametric action.

Abstract: A moving object 1 equipped with ultra-directional speaker is provided with an emitter 44 for measuring a distance to a target 11 to which it is to provide a voice by using an ultrasonic transmit sensor 45 and an ultrasonic receive sensor 46 thereof, and for emitting an output signal having a predetermined sound level which is adjusted by an amplifier 34 with sound level adjusting function. The moving object 1 can thus transmit a voice having an optimal volume only to the specific target through parametric action.

Abstract: A liquid raw material is heated to its boiling point or higher at a vaporizer to mix the vaporized ingredient gas and a carrier gas at a mixer at predetermined concentrations. The flow of the mixed gas is adjusted while the mixed gas is heated to over its condensing point and the temperature thereof is kept. Subsequently, the mixed gas is fed to a reactor for epitaxial growth while the mixed gas is heated to over its condensing point and the temperature thereof is kept. When the temperature of a heating medium is kept constant at the vaporizer to vaporize the liquid raw material and the feeding amount of the liquid into the vaporizer is adjusted by the pressure of the gas inside the vaporizer, the liquid surface level can be controlled to be constant.

Abstract: A liquid raw material is heated to its boiling point or higher at a vaporizer to mix the vaporized ingredient gas and a carrier gas at a mixer at predetermined concentrations. The flow of the mixed gas is adjusted while the mixed gas is heated to over its condensing point and the temperature thereof is kept. Subsequently, the mixed gas is fed to a reactor for epitaxial growth while the mixed gas is heated to over its condensing point and the temperature thereof is kept. When the temperature of a heating medium is kept constant at the vaporizer to vaporize the liquid raw material and the feeding amount of the liquid into the vaporizer is adjusted by the pressure of the gas inside the vaporizer, the liquid surface level can be controlled to be constant.

Abstract: An elongated flexible metal clad laminate formed of at least one metal layer and at least one plastic layer and having a smaller interlayer dimensional difference and excellent process-ability. A defect that a dimension of the metal layer is longer than a corresponding dimension of the plastic layer when they are compared to each other as discrete layers has been corrected by causing the metal layer to continually undergo compression plastic deformation in the form of the laminate and hence compressing the metal layer. A production method for the laminate and an apparatus for the method.