Abstract: Methods of treating or suppressing mitochondrial diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactacidosis, stroke (MELAS), or Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) are disclosed, as well as compounds useful in the methods of the invention, such as alpha-tocopherol quinone. Methods and compounds useful in treating other disorders are also disclosed. Energy biomarkers useful in assessing the metabolic state of a subject and the efficacy of treatment are also disclosed. Methods of modulating, normalizing, or enhancing energy biomarkers, as well as compounds useful for such methods, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of treating or suppressing mitochondrial diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactacidosis, stroke (MELAS), or Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) are disclosed, as well as compounds useful in the methods of the invention, such as alpha-tocopherol quinone. Methods and compounds useful in treating other disorders are also disclosed. Energy biomarkers useful in assessing the metabolic state of a subject and the efficacy of treatment are also disclosed. Methods of modulating, normalizing, or enhancing energy biomarkers, as well as compounds useful for such methods, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of treating or suppressing mitochondrial diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactacidosis, stroke (MELAS), or Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) are disclosed, as well as compounds useful in the methods of the invention. Methods and compounds useful in treating other disorders are also disclosed. Energy biomarkers useful in assessing the metabolic state of a subject and the efficacy of treatment are also disclosed. Methods of modulating, normalizing, or enhancing energy biomarkers, as well as compounds useful for such methods, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of treating or suppressing mitochondrial diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactacidosis, stroke (MELAS), or Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) are disclosed, as well as compounds useful in the methods of the invention, such as alpha-tocopherol quinone. Methods and compounds useful in treating other disorders are also disclosed. Energy biomarkers useful in assessing the metabolic state of a subject and the efficacy of treatment are also disclosed. Methods of modulating, normalizing, or enhancing energy biomarkers, as well as compounds useful for such methods, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of treating or suppressing mitochondrial diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactacidosis, stroke (MELAS), or Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) are disclosed, as well as compounds useful in the methods of the invention. Methods and compounds useful in treating other disorders are also disclosed. Energy biomarkers useful in assessing the metabolic state of a subject and the efficacy of treatment are also disclosed. Methods of modulating, normalizing, or enhancing energy biomarkers, as well as compounds useful for such methods, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of treating or suppressing mitochondrial diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactacidosis, stroke (MELAS), or Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) are disclosed, as well as compounds useful in the methods of the invention. Methods and compounds useful in treating other disorders are also disclosed. Energy biomarkers useful in assessing the metabolic state of a subject and the efficacy of treatment are also disclosed. Methods of modulating, normalizing, or enhancing energy biomarkers, as well as compounds useful for such methods, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A composition comprising an SL0101 [kaempferol 3-O-(3?,4?-di-O-acetyl-?-L-rhamnopyranoside)] derivative compound that has enhanced ability to inhibit RSK activity, relative to the parent compound is provided. The compounds have utility for treating any disease or conditions characterized or associated with excess or undesirable RSK activity. For example the RSK inhibitors of the present invention can be used to reduce the proliferation of neoplastic cells or for inhibiting the establishment or maintenance of an intracellular pathogenic infection by pathogens whose pathogenicity derives in part from the pathogen's ability to impede endosomal/phagosomal maturation in the host cell.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods useful for preparing and using analogs, derivatives, and modifications of kaempferols that have anti-neoplastic activity. More specifically, the compounds are analogs, derivatives, and modifications of SLO1O1. The invention further provides compounds that are inhibitors of rsk activity. The invention further provides compounds that selectively inhibit excessive rsk activity in cancers. The present invention further provides methods for treating cancer using compounds of the invention.

Abstract: A composition comprising an SL0101 [kaempferol 3-O-(3?,4?-di-O-acetyl-?-L-rhamnopyranoside)] derivative compound that has enhanced ability to inhibit RSK activity, relative to the parent compound is provided. The compounds have utility for treating any disease or conditions characterized or associated with excess or undesirable RSK activity. For example the RSK inhibitors of the present invention can be used to reduce the proliferation of neoplastic cells or for inhibiting the establishment or maintenance of an intracellular pathogenic infection by pathogens whose pathogenicity derives in part from the pathogen's ability to impede endosomal/phagosomal maturation in the host cell.

Abstract: Methods of treating or suppressing mitochondrial diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactacidosis, stroke (MELAS), or Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) are disclosed, as well as compounds useful in the methods of the invention, such as alpha-tocopherol quinone. Methods and compounds useful in treating other disorders are also disclosed. Energy biomarkers useful in assessing the metabolic state of a subject and the efficacy of treatment are also disclosed. Methods of modulating, normalizing, or enhancing energy biomarkers, as well as compounds useful for such methods, are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods useful for preparing and using analogs, derivatives, and modifications of kaempferols that have anti-neoplastic activity. More specifically, the compounds are analogs, derivatives, and modifications of SLO1O1. The invention further provides compounds that are inhibitors of rsk activity. The invention further provides compounds that selectively inhibit excessive rsk activity in cancers. The present invention further provides methods for treating cancer using compounds of the invention.

Abstract: The synthesis of the naturally occurring kaempferol glycoside SLO1O1-1, as well as analogs thereof, has been accomplished, as has its biochemical evaluation. SLO1O1-1 exhibits selective and potent p90 Rsk inhibitory activity at nanomolar concentrations without inhibiting the function of upstream kinases such as MEK, Raf, or PKC. The synthetic scheme of the invention verified the structural assignment of the natural product and has provided access to material sufficient for detailed biological evaluation.

Abstract: The synthesis of the naturally occurring kaempferol glycoside SLO1O1-1, as well as analogs thereof, has been accomplished, as has its biochemical evaluation. SLO1O1-1 exhibits selective and potent p90 Rsk inhibitory activity at nanomolar concentrations without inhibiting the function of upstream kinases such as MEK, Raf, or PKC. The synthetic scheme of the invention verified the structural assignment of the natural SLO1O1-1 product and has provided access to material sufficient for detailed biological evaluation.

Abstract: Methods of treating or suppressing mitochondrial diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactacidosis, stroke (MELAS), or Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) are disclosed, as well as compounds useful in the methods of the invention. Energy biomarkers useful in assessing the metabolic state of a subject and the efficacy of treatment are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved camptothecin composition for treating a patient having a disease associated with underised cell growth or proliferation, including for example cancer. More particularly, the present invention is directed to a composition comprising camptothecin or a camptothecin-related compound and a DNA polymerase sigma inhibitor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for studying translation initiation and for identifying potential inhibitors of translation initiation by expressing proteins in the presence of misacylated suppressor tRNAs.

Abstract: Optically pure enantiomers of avarol are obtained. The enantiomers of avarol are demonstrated to be highly effective inhibitors of .alpha.-glucosidase and .alpha.-mannosidase. Other enzymes assayed were not inhibited by these optically pure compounds. Inhibition of these two enzymes is useful for a variety of assays and probes, and offers particular utility in the treatment of retroviral infection-associated syndromes, such as AIDS.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the reliable production of proteins by amplifying, transcribing and translating the gene encoding the protein in an essentially cell-free system (gene amplification with transcription/translation, GATT). In the case of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), over 1 billion copies of DHFR are produced per original fol gene.

Abstract: Oligonucleotide N-alkylphosphoramidates useful for combatting diseases by biochemical intervention at the RNA and DNA level are disclosed.

Abstract: Water soluble camptothecin analogs, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such analogs, and a method of inhibiting the growth of tumor cells sensitive to such analogs in an animal in need thereof.