Abstract: In a method and a system for correcting an angle-measuring and/or distance-measuring sensor system, sinusoidal and cosinusoidal measurement signals (xi, yi) obtained by scanning a moved object of a measurement are evaluated. In order to correct the angle errors and/or phase errors of the measurement signal (xi, yi) a compensation process and a subsequent correction process are provided. Correction parameters (m1, m2) are obtained in the compensation process, and, in the correction process, a corrected pair of measured values (xi?, yi?) is determined form each pair of measured values (xi yi).

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for driving and simultaneously determining the deflection (x(t)) and/or the rate of motion (v(t)) of an electrostatically excited oscillator element. According to said method, the deflection (x(t)) and/or the rate of motion e (v(t)) of the oscillator element is/are determined based on the excitation current (i1(t), i2(t)) flowing during electrostatic excitation. Also disclosed are an assembly for carrying out the inventive method as well as a rotational speed sensor (40) to be used in connection O with said method and said assembly.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for unambiguously determining a physical parameter ? using m phase-measured values ?i with 1?i?m, whereby the phase-measured values ?i have different, integer periodicity values ni and an integer periodicity difference (a) with ?n>1 within an unambiguous range E of the physical parameter ?. A value T with (b) and (c) is calculated based on the phase-measured values ?i and the periodicity values ni thereof, and, within a reduced unambiguous range Ered with (d), a value V is allocated to the value T by allocation according to (e), wherein TUk stands for a respective lower limit and TOk for a respective upper limit of T. The allocation intervals between the upper (TOk) and the lower limits (TUk) for T, as wells as the distances (f) correspond at least to the periodicity difference ?n. In order to determine the physical parameter ?, value V is added up with the C phase-measured values ?i in a weighted manner.

Abstract: A method for operation of and simultaneous analysis of a rate-of-turn sensor, comprising an oscillator element and a Coriolis element arranged on the oscillation element is disclosed, comprising the following method steps: generation of a digital operating signal with an excitation frequency corresponding to the resonant frequency of the oscillator element, digital to analogue conversion of the digital operating signal and operation of the oscillator element with the analogue operating signal, recording a Coriolis speed of the Coriolis element occurring about a normal to both oscillation axes due to the rotation of the rate-of-turn sensor with generation of an analogue Coriolis' signal proportional to the Coriolis speed, analogue-to-digital conversion of the analogue Coriolis signal, phase-sensitive multiplication of the digital Coriolis signal with the digital operating signal to form an intermediate signal, generation of a control signal proportional to the rate of turn of the rate of-turn sensor from the i

Abstract: A method and a circuit arrangement for the start-up of a rate-of-turn sensor (DRS) comprising at least one oscillator element are disclosed, wherein the operational control of the rate-of-turn sensor amplifies a signal (v(t), x(t)) proportional to the instantaneous speed or deflection of the oscillator element used as operating signal (F(t)) to operate the oscillator element. During the start-up process for the rate-of-turn sensor (DRS) the amplification of the amplitude (AF) of the operating signal (F(t)) is set to a constant pre-settable value (AFC) the stimulation frequency of the operating signal (F(t)) being essentially continuously raised from a starting value (f1) below the main resonance frequency of the oscillation movement to a final value (f2) above the main resonance frequency and below a spurious resonance frequency with simultaneous monitoring of the deflection (x(t)) and/or the speed (v(t)) of the oscillator element, in order to determine the main resonance frequency.

Abstract: A method for triggering a heterodyne interferometer having two acousto-optical modulators in separate light paths, a receiver generating an analog signal and a downstream A/D converter converting the analog signal into a digital signal is described. The one acousto-optical modulator is triggered at a modulation frequency f1 and the other acousto-optical modulator is triggered at another modulation frequency f2, the difference between modulation frequencies f1 and f2 forming a heterodyne frequency fHet and the analog signal being converted into the digital signal in the A/D converter at sampling frequency fa. In such a heterodyne interferometer, a fixed ratio of modulation frequencies is maintained, and they are prevented from shifting due to aging and drift by forming at least two of the frequencies of modulation frequencies f1, f2 and sampling frequency fa from a fundamental frequency fqartz of a common oscillator.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and a system for correcting an angle-measuring and/or distance-measuring sensor system (1), in which sinusoidal and cosinusoidal measurement signals (xi, yi) obtained by scanning a moved object of measurement (2) are evaluated. In order to correct the angle errors and/or phase errors of the measurement signals (xi, yi), the method includes a compensation process and a subsequent correction process. Correction parameters (m1, m2) are obtained in the compensation process, and, in the correction process, a corrected pair of measured values (xi?, yi?) is determined from each pair of measured values (xi, yi).

Abstract: A method for triggering a heterodyne interferometer having two acousto-optical modulators in separate light paths, a receiver generating an analog signal and a downstream A/D converter converting the analog signal into a digital signal is described; in this method, the one acousto-optical modulator is triggered at a modulation frequency f1 and the other acousto-optical modulator is triggered at another modulation frequency f2, the difference between modulation frequencies f1 and f2 forming a heterodyne frequency fHet and the analog signal being converted into the digital signal in the A/D converter at sampling frequency fa. In such a heterodyne interferometer, a fixed ratio of modulation frequencies is maintained, and they are prevented from shifting due to aging and drift by forming at least two of the frequencies of modulation frequencies f1, f2 and sampling frequency fa from a fundamental frequency fquartz of a common oscillator.

Abstract: A method for optical measuring data acquisition of a component that moves in a rotary or translatory manner, in particular for optical angle, torque, or distance measurement, includes generation of a first pair of periodic line patterns extending in the movement direction of the component and a second pair of periodic line patterns extending in the movement direction of the component, which each have m periods, in particular n+1 periods, over the movement range of the moving component determination of respective phases of the line patterns of the first pair and of the second pair, determination of the phase position of the first pair of line patterns on the basis of the phases and of the second pair of line patterns on the basis of the phases, and determination of the position of the component on the basis of the phase positions.

Abstract: A method for determining a rotation angle or a path, with the following steps: measurement of at least two phase values &agr;1, &agr;2 through the scanning of sensors that are associated with the respective phase values and have different periodicities, calculation of a working value k, which can be represented as a whole number, on the basis of the measured phase values &agr;1 and the periodicities ni associated with them, calculation of at least two scaled estimates &phgr;s1/2&pgr; on the basis of the phase values &agr;i, the periodicities ni, the working value k, and integral working factors ki that set the periodicities ni in relation to one another in a scaling relation, and weighted summation of the scaled estimates &phgr;s1/2&pgr; in order to obtain a determined estimate &PHgr;meas/2&pgr;.

Abstract: The invention proposes a method for determining a rotation angle or distance by evaluating a multitude of phase measurement values. By means of a linear transformation A, the phase values measured in an N-dimensional space are projected into N-1 new signals Si. These signals Si are transformed by a quantizing device into corresponding integer values Wi and converted into N real values Zi by means of a linear projection C. These values have weighted phase measurement values &agr;i added to them in modulo 2&pgr; fashion, which yields N estimates for the angle &phgr; to be measured. The N estimates are corrected if needed at their skip points and are added up in a weighted fashion, taking into account their phase angle.

Abstract: A device for outputting parameter values and a method of providing parameter values which pertain to the relative kinematic behavior of an object, in particular a first vehicle, and a target object, in particular a second vehicle, a conclusion is drawn based on the parameter values as to whether the object and the target object will probably collide. The method involves providing a sensor system on the object, the sensor system being provided for transmitting and receiving signals to determine measured values ri, vr,i for target object distance r and/or for relative radial velocity vr between the object and the target object, determining measured values ri, vr,i and analyzing measured values ri, vr,i thus determined and providing the parameter values based on the signals received by a receiver.

Abstract: The invention proposes a method for determining a rotation angle (&PHgr;) and/or an angular difference (&dgr;) in a divided shaft (3), which has a number of phase tracks (1a, 1b, 2a, and 2b) disposed on it, which are provided with codes. Via an evaluation unit, each group of tracks (1a, 1b, 2a, and 2b) supplies a phase signal (&agr;1, &agr;2), which is respectively ambiguous with regard to a rotation of the shaft (3). The at least two phase signals (&agr;1, &agr;2) are added up in a weighted fashion to produce a signal S from which the integer portion and the non-integer portion are calculated. The non-integer portion is proportional to the angular difference (&dgr;) between the two track groups. The torque (M) is determined through multiplication with the spring rate of an interposed torque rod. The unambiguous torque (&PHgr;) is determined from the integer portion of the signal (S) and a phase value (&agr;1) or (&agr;2) with the aid of a weighted addition.

Abstract: The invention proposes a method for determining a rotation angle or distance by evaluating a multitude of phase measurement values. By means of a linear transformation A, the phase values measured in an N-dimensional space are projected into N-1 new signals Si. These signals Si are transformed by a quantizing device into corresponding integer values Wi and converted into N real values Zi by means of a linear projection C. These values have weighted phase measurement values &agr;i added to them in modulo 2&pgr; fashion, which yields N estimates for the angle &phgr; to be measured. The N estimates are corrected if needed at their skip points and are added up in a weighted fashion, taking into account their phase angle.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a circuit arrangement for operating an exhaust-gas probe including a NOx double chamber sensor. The exhaust-gas probe includes: a heatable solid-state electrolyte body having first and second pump chambers and diffusion barriers for separating the chambers from each other and from the exhaust gas. A third chamber communicates with the atmosphere. An external pump electrode is exposed to the exhaust gas and a first oxygen pump electrode is disposed in the first pump chamber. A second oxygen pump electrode is disposed in at least one of the first and second pump chambers and a nitrogen oxide pump electrode is disposed in the second pump chamber. An air reference electrode is disposed in the third chamber. Only one pump voltage generating circuit unit is provided and a switching device switches the pump voltage generating circuit unit between respective ones of the pump electrodes.

Abstract: A method for optical measuring data acquisition of a component that moves in a rotatory or translatory manner, in particular for optical angle, torque, or distance measurement, with the following steps:

Abstract: A radar system having an arrangement for producing a code, an arrangement for modulating a transmission signal in a transmit branch, using the code, an arrangement for delaying the code, an arrangement for modulating a signal in a receive branch, using the delayed code, and an arrangement for mixing a reference signal with a receiving signal, the modulation of one of the signals being performed by an amplitude modulation (ASK; “amplitude shift keying”) and the modulation of the other signal by a phase modulation (PSK; “phase shift keying”). Furthermore, a radar system is proposed in which blanking of phase transitions is provided. Also described are methods which may advantageously be carried out, using the radar systems described herein.

Abstract: A method for determining a rotation angle or a path, with the following steps:

Abstract: The invention proposes a method for determining a rotation angle (&PHgr;) and/or an angular difference (&dgr;) in a divided shaft (3), which has a number of phase tracks (1a, 1b, 2a, and 2b) disposed on it, which are provided with codes. Via an evaluation unit, each group of tracks (1a, 1b, 2a, and 2b) supplies a phase signal (&agr;1, &agr;2), which is respectively ambiguous with regard to a rotation of the shaft (3). The at least two phase signals (&agr;1, &agr;2) are added up in a weighted fashion to produce a signal S from which the integer portion and the non-integer portion are calculated. The non-integer portion is proportional to the angular difference (&dgr;) between the two track groups. The torque (M) is determined through multiplication with the spring rate of an interposed torque rod. The unambiguous torque (&PHgr;) is determined from the integer portion of the signal (S) and a phase value (&agr;1) or (&agr;2) with the aid of a weighted addition.

Abstract: A method of providing parameter values which pertain to the relative kinematic behavior of an object (10), in particular a first vehicle (10), and a target object (12), in particular a second vehicle (12), a conclusion being able to be drawn on the basis of the parameter values as to whether the object (10) and the target object (12) will probably collide, using the steps: