Abstract: In one embodiment, an apparatus includes output voltage comparison circuitry that compares an output voltage of a regulator and a reference voltage and outputs an output voltage comparison signal based on the comparison. Slope detection circuitry detects a slope of the output voltage and outputs a slope comparison signal based on the slope detected. Duty cycle determination circuitry receives the output comparison signal and the slope comparison signal and outputs a pre-driver signal having a duty cycle based on the output comparison signal and the slope comparison signal. The pre-driver signal is used to regulate the output voltage of the voltage regulator.

Abstract: A data management system (DMS) includes a continuous real-time object store that captures all real-time activities, with associated object metadata information. The DMS is capable of reintroducing any point-in-time view of data ranging from a granular object to an entire file system. A set of algorithms (for creation of a file or directory, modification of a file or directory, deletion of a file or directory, and relocation/renaming of a file or directory) are used to generate and maintain a file system history in the DMS and to ensure that a latest version of a directory always refers to a latest version of its children until the directory changed. Any point-in-time recovery is implemented using the file system history in one of various ways to provide strong individual file integrity, exact point-in-time crash consistency, and/or recovery of last version of all files in the file system.

Abstract: An integrated circuit (IC) including a well region of the IC having a first doping level and a plurality of semiconductor regions implanted in the well region. Each of the plurality of semiconductor regions has a second doping level. The second doping level is greater than the first doping level. A plurality of polysilicon regions are arranged on the plurality of semiconductor regions. The polysilicon regions are respectively connected to the semiconductor regions. The plurality of semiconductor regions is a drain of a metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET).

Abstract: The present disclosure includes systems and techniques relating to control of recording devices, such as disk drives. A described technique includes controlling a motor to actuate a head about a surface of a rotating recording medium, the motor being associated with first and second states of electric current, where a duration of the first state is longer than a duration of the second state; detecting an instance of the first state; and initiating, when the instance of the first state is detected, a switch from a first mode to a second mode to control the motor. The switch can be based on a condition of operation with respect to the rotating recording medium.

Abstract: An integrated circuit (IC) including a first layer of a conducting material; a second layer of an insulating material, where the second layer has a first side arranged adjacent to the first layer, and a second side; and a substrate arranged adjacent to the second side of the second layer. A first well arranged in the substrate. The first well is adjacent to the second side of the second layer. The substrate and the first well have opposite doping.

Abstract: A system including a power transistor configured to receive an alternating current (AC) line voltage and a control circuit. During a rising portion of a half cycle of the AC line voltage, the control circuit is configured to turn on the power transistor when the AC line voltage reaches a first value and turn off the power transistor when the AC line voltage reaches a second value. The second value is greater than the first value. During a falling portion of the half cycle, the control circuit is configured to turn on the power transistor when the AC line voltage reaches the second value and turn off the power transistor when the AC line voltage reaches the first value.

Abstract: A system including is plurality of resistors, a plurality of comparators, and a decoder module. The resistors are connected in series between a supply voltage and a common voltage. A first input of each comparator is connected to a reference voltage. A second input of each comparator is respectively connected to one of a plurality of nodes between the resistors. The decoder module is configured to receive an output from each comparator and to output a plurality of bits based on the output of each comparator. Each of the plurality of bits indicates a different one of a plurality of voltage ranges. A present value of the supply voltage lies in one of the plurality of voltage ranges.

Abstract: A “forward” delta data management technique uses a “sparse” index associated with a delta file to achieve both delta management efficiency and to eliminate read latency while accessing history data. The invention may be implemented advantageously in a data management system that provides real-time data services to data sources associated with a set of application host servers. A host driver embedded in an application server connects an application and its data to a cluster. The host driver captures real-time data transactions, preferably in the form of an event journal that is provided to the data management system. In particular, the driver functions to translate traditional file/database/block I/O into a continuous, application-aware, output data stream. A given application-aware data stream is processed through a multi-stage data reduction process to produce a compact data representation from which an “any point-in-time” reconstruction of the original data can be made.

Abstract: A data management system (“DMS”) provides an automated, continuous, real-time, substantially no downtime data protection service to one or more data sources. A host driver embedded in an application server captures real-time data transactions, preferably in the form of an event journal. The driver functions to translate traditional file/database/block I/O and the like into a continuous, application-aware, output data stream. The host driver includes an event processor that can perform a recovery operation to an entire data source or a subset of the data source using former point-in-time data in the DMS. The recovery operation may have two phases. First, the structure of the host data in primary storage is recovered to the intended recovering point-in-time. Thereafter, the actual data itself is recovered. The event processor enables such data recovery in an on-demand manner, by allowing recovery to happen simultaneously while an application accesses and updates the recovering data.

Abstract: Analog control of the pulse width used to control the speed of a voice coil motor may be implemented using a “constant-current-charging-capacitor” configuration where the time needed to charge the capacitor is directly related to how far the actual motor speed is from the target speed. The BEMF voltage, indicative of motor speed, is sampled, and then stored in a storage capacitor, which is allowed to charge/discharge to a target voltage level. The time required to charge/discharge the capacitor to the target voltage is directly proportional to the difference between the BEMF voltage and the target voltage, and may be used directly as the pulse width (i.e., the charging time) in the PWM velocity control system. To avoid larger capacitors, a pulse multiplier circuit can be added, allowing charging/discharging the sampled voltage to the target voltage to be repeated by a number, N, of times.

Abstract: A data management system (“DMS”) provides an automated, continuous, real-time, substantially no downtime data protection service to one or more data sources. A host driver embedded in an application server captures real-time data transactions, preferably in the form of an event journal. The driver functions to translate traditional file/database/block I/O and the like into a continuous, application-aware, output data stream. The host driver includes an event processor that can perform a recovery operation to an entire data source or a subset of the data source using former point-in-time data in the DMS. The recovery operation may have two phases. First, the structure of the host data in primary storage is recovered to the intended recovering point-in-time. Thereafter, the actual data itself is recovered. The event processor enables such data recovery in an on-demand manner, by allowing recovery to happen simultaneously while an application accesses and updates the recovering data.

Abstract: In one embodiment the present invention includes a circuit comprising a switch and a switch driver. The switch is configured to provide synchronous rectification switching of a back-EMF voltage. The synchronous rectification switching produces a source voltage. The switch driver is configured to receive the back-EMF voltage and the source voltage. The switch driver provides a control signal to a control terminal of the switch. The control signal has a frequency. The frequency is used to control an amount of the synchronous rectification switching. Accordingly, the frequency reduces a dissipated power associated with the synchronous rectification switching.

Abstract: The present invention provides a distributed clustering method to allow multiple active instances of consistency management processes that apply the same encoding scheme to be cooperative and function collectively. The techniques described herein facilitate an efficient method to apply an erasure encoding and decoding scheme across dispersed data stores that receive constant updates. The technique can be applied on many forms of distributed persistent data stores to provide failure resiliency and to maintain data consistency and correctness.

Abstract: A data management system or “DMS” provides data services to data sources associated with a set of application host servers. The data management system typically comprises one or more regions, with each region having one or more clusters. A given cluster has one or more nodes that share storage. When providing continuous data protection and data distribution, the DMS nodes create distributed object storage to provide the necessary real-time data management services. The objects created by the DMS nodes are so-called active objects. The distributed object store can be built above raw storage devices, a traditional file system, a special purpose file system, a clustered file system, a database, and so on. According to the present invention, the DMS active object store provides an indexing service to the active objects. In an illustrative embodiment, any object property that has a given attribute is indexed and, as a result, the attribute becomes searchable.

Abstract: A “forward” delta data management technique uses a “sparse” index associated with a delta file to achieve both delta management efficiency and to eliminate read latency while accessing history data. The invention may be implemented advantageously in a data management system that provides real-time data services to data sources associated with a set of application host servers. A host driver embedded in an application server connects an application and its data to a cluster. The host driver captures real-time data transactions, preferably in the form of an event journal that is provided to the data management system. In particular, the driver functions to translate traditional file/database/block I/O into a continuous, application-aware, output data stream. A given application-aware data stream is processed through a multi-stage data reduction process to produce a compact data representation from which an “any point-in-time” reconstruction of the original data can be made.

Abstract: A data management system or “DMS” provides an automated, continuous, real-time, substantially no downtime data protection service to one or more data sources associated with a set of application host servers. To facilitate the data protection service, a host driver embedded in an application server captures real-time data transactions, preferably in the form of an event journal that is provided to other DMS components. The driver functions to translate traditional file/database/block I/O and the like into a continuous, application-aware, output data stream. The host driver includes an event processor. When an authorized user determines that a primary copy of the data in the host server has become incorrect or corrupted, the event processor can perform a recovery operation to an entire data source or a subset of the data source using former point-in-time data in the DMS. The recovery operation may have two phases.

Abstract: The power required by a voice coil motor (VCM) to maintain the head in the data region of a disk drive during an idle mode is further reduced. The current supplied to the VCM is switched on and off. This takes advantage of the inherent capacitance and inductance in the VCM, which maintains a current after the current supply is switched off. The current will slowly decay, with it being switched on again before it reaches a level where the average value won't offset the flex bias. In one embodiment, the current is maintained in a single direction, to offset the flex bias which pushes in one direction. Digital switches are used to reduce the power consumption of the control circuitry.

Abstract: A data management system (DMS) includes a continuous real-time object store that captures all real-time activities, with associated object metadata information. The DMS is capable of reintroducing any point-in-time view of data ranging from a granular object to an entire file system. A set of algorithms (for creation of a file or directory, modification of a file or directory, deletion of a file or directory, and relocation/renaming of a file or directory) are used to generate and maintain a file system history in the DMS and to ensure that a latest version of a directory always refers to a latest version of its children until the directory changed. Any point-in-time recovery is implemented using the file system history in one of various ways to provide strong individual file integrity, exact point-in-time crash consistency, and/or recovery of last version of all files in the file system.

Abstract: A voltage regulator includes a converter module, N comparators, and a decoder module. The converter module includes (N+1) resistors connected in series between a supply voltage and a common voltage, where N is an integer greater than 1. Each of the (N+1) resistors has a value that is different than values of others of the (N+1) resistors. The N comparators have first inputs connected to a reference voltage, and second inputs respectively connected to N nodes between the (N+1) resistors. The decoder module receives outputs of the N comparators and generates an R-bit output, where R is an integer greater than 1. Each bit of the R-bit output indicates a different one of R voltage ranges. A present value of the supply voltage lies in one of the R voltage ranges.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide method and apparatus for detecting attributes of an input power supply. The method includes receiving a first signal generated based on a second signal that is predictive. The first signal includes a portion that substantially corresponds to the second signal. Further, the method includes detecting attributes of the portion of the first signal that substantially corresponds to the second signal, and determining attributes of the second signal based on the attributes of the portion of the first signal that substantially corresponds to the second signal.