Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry, a conductive housing, and a display. The display may have an active area that displays image data and an inactive area that does not display image data. The active area may completely surround the inactive area at a front face of the device. A speaker port may be aligned with the inactive area and may emit sound through the inactive area. The wireless circuitry may include first and second antenna arrays. The first array may be configured to transmit and receive wireless signals at frequencies between 10 GHz and 300 GHz through the inactive area of the display. The second array may be configured to transmit and receive wireless signals at frequencies between 10 GHz and 300 GHz through a slot in a rear wall of the conductive housing. Control circuitry may perform beam steering using the first and second arrays.

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with millimeter wave transceiver circuitry and an antenna having a ground and a resonating element. The resonating element may include first and second patches symmetrically distributed about an axis. The antenna may be fed using an antenna feed having a first feed terminal coupled to both the first and second patches and a second feed terminal coupled to the ground. The first feed terminal may be coupled to the first patch at a side closest to the second patch and may be coupled to the second patch at a side closest to the first patch. The first and second patches may be shorted to the ground if desired. Antenna currents on the first patch may be 180 degrees out of phase with antenna currents on the second patch. The antenna may be arranged in an array of antennas with different polarizations.

Abstract: An electronic device may include a millimeter wave transceiver, a first antenna having a first resonating element at a first side of a substrate, and a second antenna having a second resonating element at a second side of the substrate. A first coplanar waveguide may convey millimeter wave signals between the transceiver and the first resonating element and a second coplanar waveguide may convey millimeter wave signals between the transceiver and the second resonating element. The first coplanar waveguide may be coupled to the first resonating element through the second coplanar waveguide. The second coplanar waveguide may be coupled to the second resonating element through the first coplanar waveguide. Ground conductors in the coplanar waveguides may form antenna ground planes for the first and second antennas while serving to maximize electromagnetic decoupling between the coplanar waveguides and thus isolation between the ports of the transceiver.

Abstract: An electronic device may include a millimeter wave antenna having a ground plane, resonating element, feed, and parasitic element. The resonating element may include first, second, and third layer of traces that are shorted together. The second traces may be interposed between the first and third traces and the third traces may be interposed between the second traces and the parasitic. The third traces may have a width that is less than the widths of the second and third traces. The third traces and the parasitic may define a constrained volume having an associated cavity resonance that lies outside of a frequency band of interest. If desired, the resonating element may include a single layer of conductive traces having a grid of openings that disrupt impedance in a transverse direction, thereby mitigating the trapping of energy within the frequency band of interest between the resonating element and the parasitic.

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry including first and second patch antennas. The first patch antenna may include a first resonating element formed over a ground plane. The second patch antenna may include a second resonating element over the first resonating element. A cross-shaped parasitic element may be formed over the second resonating element. First and second feed terminals may be coupled to the second resonating element. An opening may be formed in the first resonating element. First and second transmission lines may be coupled to the first and second feed terminals through the opening. The cross-shaped parasitic element may include arms that overlap the first and second feed terminals. The first resonating element may cover first frequencies between 10 GHz and 300 GHz and the second resonating element may cover second frequencies that are higher than the first frequencies.

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry that includes a phased antenna array. The array may include first, second, and third rings of antennas on a dielectric substrate that cover respective first, second, and third communications bands greater than 10 GHz. The second ring of antennas may surround the first ring of antennas. The third ring of antennas may be formed over the second ring of antennas. Parasitic elements may be formed over the first ring of antennas to broaden the bandwidth of the first ring of antennas. Beam steering circuitry may be coupled to the rings of antennas. Control circuitry may control the beam steering circuitry to steer a beam of wireless signals in one or more of the first, second, and third communications bands. The array may exhibit relatively uniform antenna gain regardless of the direction in which the beam is steered.

Abstract: A phased array antenna for an earth terminal for a low earth orbit satellite communication system. The phased array antenna includes a set of Quadrafilar Helical Antenna's (QHAs) elements that produce a peak directivity far off-axis which partially compensates for the angular dependence of satellite systems gain which peaks at relatively lower angle. To attain the desired angular dependence of the gain and operability at high zenith angles, the QHAs are preferably spaced apart by a distance between 0.4? and 0.45?, includes filaments that have a helical pitch angle ? of between 62° and 84°.

Abstract: A multi-mode, multi-band antenna system for a handheld wireless device includes a Quadrafilar Helix Antenna (QHA) that radiates circularly polarized waves is fed by a co-axial cable. The co-axial cable is also used in combination with the QHA as a monopole antenna. Because of the distinct electromagnetic field patterns of the QHA versus the combination of the QHA and the co-axial cable operating as a monopole antenna, the cross coupling between the two modes is low. In certain embodiments the co-axial cable can itself be formed into a helix in order to reduce the physical length of the antenna system while maintaining an electrical length desired to supported certain frequency bands in the monopole mode. According to certain embodiments a post which also serves to increase the effective electric length of the co-axial cable and thereby support a lower frequency band is provided along the centerline of the QHA.

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry. The wireless circuitry may include one or more antennas. The antennas may include millimeter wave antenna arrays formed from arrays of patch antennas, dipole antennas or other millimeter wave antennas on millimeter wave antenna array substrates. Circuitry such as upconverter and downconverter circuitry may be mounted on the substrates. The upconverter and downconverter may be coupled to wireless communications circuitry such as a baseband processor circuit using an intermediate frequency signal path. The electronic device may have opposing front and rear faces. A display may cover the front face. A rear housing wall may cover the rear face. A metal midplate may be interposed between the display and rear housing wall. Millimeter wave antenna arrays may transmit and receive antenna signals through the rear housing wall.

Abstract: A low height, space efficient, dual band monopole antenna is provided. The antenna includes a first conductive post, a second conductive post and a third conductive post extending between a lower oblong shaped PCB and an upper oblong shaped PCB. A signal is applied to a bottom end of a first conductive post and bottom ends of the remaining two posts are coupled to ground. The top of the first post is connected to the tops of the second and third posts by a serpentine trace which in one embodiment is symmetric and in another embodiment is asymmetric. The asymmetric embodiment achieves improved dual band operation without the need for an impedance matching network.

Abstract: A phased array antenna for an earth terminal for a low earth orbit satellite communication system. The phased array antenna includes a set of Quadrafilar Helical Antenna's (QHAs) elements that produce a peak directivity far off-axis which partially compensates for the angular dependence of satellite systems gain which peaks at relatively lower angle. To attain the desired angular dependence of the gain and operability at high zenith angles, the QHAs are preferably spaced apart by a distance between 0.4? and 0.45?, includes filaments that have a helical pitch angle ? of between 62° and 84°.

Abstract: An antenna system includes a metal housing including a first edge and a second edge that meet at a corner and a slot located proximate the second edge that extends from the first edge parallel to the second edge defining a strip and an antenna located behind and in close proximity to the strip. The antenna is coupled to the strip. A parasitic element is located proximate the antenna and the strip includes a ground coupling that crosses the slot in spaced relation thereto. The parasitic element assists in establishing second and third higher frequency modes of the antenna system.

Abstract: A low height, space efficient, dual band monopole antenna is provided. The antenna includes a first conductive post, a second conductive post and a third conductive post extending between a lower oblong shaped PCB and an upper oblong shaped PCB. A signal is applied to a bottom end of a first conductive post and bottom ends of the remaining two posts are coupled to ground. The top of the first post is connected to the tops of the second and third posts by a serpentine trace which in one embodiment is symmetric and in another embodiment is asymmetric. The asymmetric embodiment achieves improved dual band operation without the need for an impedance matching network.

Abstract: A multi-mode, multi-band antenna system for a handheld wireless device includes a Quadrafilar Helix Antenna (QHA) that radiates circularly polarized waves is fed by a co-axial cable. The co-axial cable is also used in combination with the QHA as a monopole antenna. Because of the distinct electromagnetic field patterns of the QHA versus the combination of the QHA and the co-axial cable operating as a monopole antenna, the cross coupling between the two modes is low. In certain embodiments the co-axial cable can itself be formed into a helix in order to reduce the physical length of the antenna system while maintaining an electrical length desired to supported certain frequency bands in the monopole mode. According to certain embodiments a post which also serves to increase the effective electric length of the co-axial cable and thereby support a lower frequency band is provided along the centerline of the QHA.

Abstract: An antenna system includes a metal housing including a first edge and a second edge that meet at a corner and a slot located proximate the second edge that extends from the first edge parallel to the second edge defining a strip and an antenna located behind and in close proximity to the strip. The antenna is coupled to the strip. A parasitic element is located proximate the antenna and the strip includes a ground coupling that crosses the slot in spaced relation thereto. The parasitic element assists in establishing second and third higher frequency modes of the antenna system.