Abstract: A sheath heater includes: a housing having an accommodating space formed therein; a plurality of main terminals electrically connected to an outside of the sheath heater through an electric circuit, wherein the accommodating space is filled with magnesia and the plurality of main terminals are disposed in the accommodating space to penetrate through one side and another side of the housing; an overheat preventing means located in the housing, connected in series with the electric circuit, and having a PTC element controlling a flow of current of the electric circuit according to a temperature of the PTC element; and a heating element electrically connected to the electric circuit and generating heat during the flow of current.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a selection method of a highly active stem cell for treatment of cerebrovascular diseases, comprising a step of measuring a level of a neurotrophic factor, and a highly active stem cell selected thereby. According to the present invention, BDNF secreted by mesenchymal stem cells mediate inhibitory effects on cell death, inflammation, astrogliosis, and posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus and plays a very important role in improving myelination after intraventricular hemorrhage. Hence, the method according to the present invention can be usefully applied to the treatment of various cerebrovascular diseases including intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants.

Abstract: A cooling water heating apparatus includes: a housing having an inlet through which cooling water flows in at a first side and an outlet through which cooling water flows out at a second side; a sheath heater housed in the housing and electrically connected to an outside through an electric circuit to heat the cooling water in the housing; and an overheat preventing device housed in the housing to be submerged under the cooling water in an upper side of the housing in a gravity direction, the overheat preventing device having a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) device connected in series to the electric circuit of the sheath heater to allow the PTC device to control energization of the sheath heater.

Abstract: A coolant heating apparatus for an electric vehicle includes a sheath heater formed in a coil form at a center side of the coolant heating apparatus; one or more inner tubes, one of which has an inlet formed at one side thereof for introduction of coolant, the one or more inner tubes being arranged to surround the sheath heater or to be surrounded by the sheath heater, and the one or more inner tubes having a plurality of through-holes formed on respective outer peripheral surfaces thereof so that the coolant introduced into the inlet is discharged through the through-holes; and an outer tube surrounding the sheath heater and the one or more inner tubes and having an outlet formed at one side thereof so that the coolant heated by the sheath heater is introduced through the through-holes of the one or more inner tubes and is discharged through the outlet.

Abstract: A heating, ventilating, air conditioning (HVAC) system of a vehicle includes: a battery circulation line having a battery radiator, a main valve, a high voltage battery core, and a cooling heat exchanger so as to circulate a first coolant therethrough, with the cooling heat exchanger being provided to be heat-exchangeable with an indoor HVAC refrigerant line; a branch line including a water heating heater and selectively connected to the battery circulation line through the main valve; and a controller selectively cooling or heating the high voltage battery core by controlling an operation of the main valve, the water heating heater, and the indoor HVAC refrigerant line.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method that can accelerate reproduction of odor from an air-conditioner by segmenting microorganisms, a temperature/humidity condition and nutrients for metabolism of the microorganisms as conditions for reproducing the odor from the air-conditioner and setting the segmented microorganisms, a temperature/humidity condition and nutrients for metabolism of the microorganisms according to an accelerated condition thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to use of PAK4 and CRTC1 for the treatment or diagnosis of a degenerative brain disease. Specifically, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of a degenerative brain disease comprising PAK4 (p21-activated kinase 4) or a PAK4 activator as an effective ingredient.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vehicular HVAC system, including: a battery circulation line including a battery radiator, a high-voltage battery, and a first valve, arranged to allow a first coolant to circulate therethrough; a branch line selectively connected to the circulation line through the valve and having a cooling heat exchanger configured to exchange heat with an indoor air conditioning refrigerant line; a battery heating line including a water heater, an indoor air conditioning heater core, and a second valve, arranged to allow a second coolant to circulate therethrough, the battery heating line being selectively connected to the circulation line through the second valve; and a controller configured to control the first valve in stages, to cool the high-voltage battery, to control the second valve and the water heater to selectively heat the battery, and to control the water heater or a cooling device on the refrigerant line to air condition the vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating cerebrovascular diseases including stem cell-derived exosomes as an active ingredient. The stem cell-derived exosomes according to the present invention have superior nerve cell protective effects, such as inhibition of cerebral ventricular distention, reduction of hydrocephalus, and inhibition of nerve cell death and cellular inflammation in an intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) animal model, and thus, can be useful in treating cerebrovascular diseases including intraventricular hemorrhage, etc.

Abstract: Disclosed is a moisture-removing apparatus for a headlight, the apparatus comprising: a moisture decomposition module having a first electrode that is exposed inside a headlight housing and is connected to a first electrode of a power source; a second electrode that is connected to a second electrode of the power source; and an electric discharge air path in the space between the surface of the first electrode and the surface of the second electrode; and a moisture-absorbing layer; wherein the first electrode of the moisture decomposition module is coated with a dielectric material on a surface thereof; and wherein the moisture-absorbing layer is configured to correspond to a shape of one of the first and second electrodes of the moisture decomposition module, and to come into surface contact with one of the first and second electrodes of the moisture decomposition module.

Abstract: A Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system for a vehicle, may include a first coolant line passing through a radiator; a second coolant line passing through an indoor air conditioning core and a high voltage battery core; a first coolant exchange line passing through a first heat exchanger; a second coolant exchange line passing through a second heat exchanger; a refrigerant line including the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, and a compressor, in which coolant circulates; and a controller configured to control the first valve and the second valve to selectively connect the first coolant line or the second coolant line to the first coolant exchange line or the second coolant exchange line.

Abstract: A heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) system of a vehicle may include a battery cooling line to circulate a first coolant through a first radiator, a high voltage battery core, and a first valve; an electronic component cooling line to circulate a second coolant through a second radiator, an electronic component core, and a second valve; a branch line having a first end portion branched from the first valve and a second end portion connected to an upstream point of the high voltage battery core; an auxiliary line having a first end portion branched from the second valve and a second end portion connected to an upstream point of the electronic component core; and a controller performing heat transfer in the main heat exchanger by controlling the first valve and the second valve when a temperature of the high voltage battery core is required to be increased.

Abstract: A power generation module of a vehicle air-conditioning system is provided. The air-conditioning=includes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator. The power generation module includes a high-temperature flow channel through which a refrigerant in a high-temperature state flows and a low-temperature flow channel through which a refrigerant in a low-temperature state compared with the high-temperature flow channel flows. A thermoelectric module is provided in which heat of the high-temperature flow channel is transferred to a first side thereof, heat of the low-temperature flow channel is transferred to a second side thereof, and an electromotive force is generated by a temperature difference between the first and second sides due to the transferred heat.

Abstract: A heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system for a vehicle, may include external air cooling line configured to circulate first cooling water through a first radiator, a main valve and a high-voltage battery core, a cooling/heating line having a first end branching from the main valve and a second end connected to a downstream point of the high-voltage battery core, the cooling/heating line being configured to enable the high-voltage battery core to be heated or cooled by a heat exchanger or an electric heater, and a controller configured to selectively control at least one of the main value, the heat exchanger and the electric heater to cause the first cooling water to circulate through the external air cooling line or the cooling/heating line to perform heat transfer in the heat exchanger or the electric heater when cooling or heating of the high-voltage battery core is needed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for screening for an antimicrobial agent capable of controlling microorganisms generating offensive odor in an air conditioning apparatus. Further disclosed is a method for removing offensive odor in the air conditioning apparatus. The microorganism causing offensive odor in the air conditioning apparatus may be used in the development of a novel antimicrobial agent or in the development of an aromatic for blocking offensive odor by establishing the chemical properties of metabolites of the microorganisms. In addition, there are various industrial applications, for example, by fundamentally removing the cause of offensive odor by creating an environment in which the microorganisms cannot live in the air conditioning apparatus in advance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coating composition for preventing odor. The coating composition may include one or more types of odorless microorganisms selected from the group consisting of Caulobacter vibrioides, Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens, Bradyrhizobium daqingense and Methylobacterium brachiatum or a culture solution thereof. Further provided is a method for preventing odor, and the method may include applying the coating composition for preventing odor. When a biofilm is formed from the microorganisms in the coating composition by coating an object on which an odor-causing microorganism can live, the inflow and the inhabitation of external microorganisms generating odor may be significantly blocked, thereby enabling odor to be effectively prevented.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a cold/warm headrest for a vehicle and a method of controlling operation thereof. It is possible to provide cold air to an occipital region, a head, and a face of a seated occupant, and to provide warmth to a neck and shoulders of the occupant, in which the trapezius muscles are located along with peripheral nerves.

Abstract: Disclosed is a steering wheel having cooling system inside. A steering wheel includes a hub connected to a steering column, a rim provided with a hollow formed therein and spokes configured to connect the hub and the rim. Cooling units located at the hub or the spokes of the steering wheel is provided to supply cooling air. Heat pipes thermally connect the cooling units and the rim of the steering wheel.

Abstract: A heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system for an electric vehicle, may include a heating line on which an electric heater and a heating pump are provided; a first heating line connected to the heating line through a main valve, provided with a heater core for indoor heating, and having cooling water flow therethrough to form a first heating channel along with the heating line; a second heating line having one end portion connected to one end portion of the heating line through the main valve and the other end portion connected to the other end portion of the heating line, and having the cooling water flow therethrough to form a second heating channel along with the heating line; and a controller configured for controlling an opening degree of the main valve to control the flow of cooling water of the first heating channel or the second heating channel.

Abstract: A moisture electrolysis apparatus for a headlamp may include a first electrode connected to one electrode of a power supply, exposed to an internal space of a headlamp housing, and having a pillar shape; a second electrode connected to the other electrode of the power supply, exposed to the internal space of the headlamp housing, surrounding an outer peripheral surface of the first electrode and distanced from the first electrode by a predetermined distance to form a gap between the electrodes, and having a pillar shape; a dielectric coated on a surface of a one of the first electrode and the second electrode facing each other; and an electric discharge air duct formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, circulating air in the headlamp, and electrolyzing moisture in the air through an electric discharge phenomenon generated between the first electrode and the second electrode.