Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the purification of long chain amino acids by recrystallization in an aqueous solution of organic carboxylic acid in the absence or presence of solvent, comprising: (1) dissolving a long chain amino acid in an aqueous solution of organic carboxylic acid by heating; (2) cooling the solution of step (1) to crystallize the long chain amino acid; and (3) recovering the long chain amino acid of step (2) by means of solid-liquid separation.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the purification of long chain amino acids by recrystallization in an aqueous solution of organic carboxylic acid in the absence or presence of solvent, comprising: (1) dissolving a long chain amino acid in an aqueous solution of organic carboxylic acid by heating; (2) cooling the solution of step (1) to crystallize the long chain amino acid; and (3) recovering the long chain amino acid of step (2) by means of solid-liquid separation.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the purification of long chain amino acids by recrystallization in an aqueous solution of organic carboxylic acid in the absence or presence of solvent, comprising: (1) dissolving a long chain amino acid in an aqueous solution of organic carboxylic acid by heating; (2) cooling the solution of step (1) to crystallize the long chain amino acid; and (3) recovering the long chain amino acid of step (2) by means of solid-liquid separation.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the co-production of long chain ?-amino acid and long chain dibasic acid, comprising: (1) reacting long chain ketoacid derivative with hydroxylamine or subjecting ketoacid derivative to an ammoximation to yield oxime derivative; (2) subjecting oxime derivative to Beckmann rearrangement to yield a mixture of mixed amide derivatives; (3) hydrolyzing the mixed amide derivatives to produce long chain ?-amino acid and long chain dibasic acid.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the production of long chain amino acid and long chain dibasic acid, comprising: (1) reacting long chain keto fatty acid with hydroxylamine or subjecting keto fatty acid to an ammoximation reaction to yield an oxime fatty acid; (2) reacting the oxime fatty acid with an alcohol or a primary amine or a secondary amine to prepare an ester or amide; (3) subjecting the oxime fatty acid ester or amide to the Beckmann rearrangement to yield a mixture of two amide fatty acids; (4) hydrolyzing the mixed amide fatty acids to produce long chain amino acid, long chain dibasic acid, short chain alkylamine, and alkanoic acid.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the separation of long chain amino acid and long chain dibasic acid, comprising: (1) cooling the hydrolysis solution to crystallize and separate alkali salt of long chain dibasic acid to provide an aqueous solvent solution; (2) distilling the aqueous solvent solution of step (1) to recover the solvent and to recover alkylamine; (3) cooling the residual solution of step (2) to precipitate and separate alkali salt of long chain amino acid to provide a mother liquor; (4) adding an acid to the mother liquor of step (3) to yield alkanoic acid; (5) adding an acid to an aqueous solution of the alkali salt of long chain dibasic acid of step (1) to obtain long chain dibasic acid; and (6) neutralizing the alkali salt of long chain amino acid of step (3) with an acid to obtain long chain amino acid.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the separation of long chain amino acid and long chain dibasic acid, comprising: (1) recovering alkylamine from an aqueous solution of an alkali hydroxide hydrolysis of the mixed amide derivatives by distilling or by extracting with an extractant solvent; (2) cooling the aqueous solution of step (1) to precipitate a mixed alkali salts of long chain amino acid and dibasic acid; (3) recovering the mixed alkali salts of long chain amino acid and dibasic acid to provide a mother liquor; (4) separating long chain amino acid and dibasic acid by acidification-extraction of long chain dibasic acid with an extractant solvent or by selective dissolution of alkali salt of long chain amino acid in an aqueous solvent; and (4) adding an acid to the mother liquor of step (3) to obtain alkanoic acid.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the separation of long chain dibasic acid and fatty acid, comprising: (1) reacting a mixture of long chain dibasic acid and fatty acid with ammonium hydroxide to form an insoluble ammonium salt of fatty acid and a soluble ammonium salt of long chain dibasic acid; (2) recovering the insoluble ammonium salt of fatty acid; and (3) adding an acid to the mother liquor of step (2) to obtain the long chain dibasic acid.

Abstract: There is disclosed an extraction process for recovering aminoalcohols and glycols from aqueous streams of taurine production. The aqueous streams which contain aminoalcohols and/or glycols are first mixed with a base to increase pH and then extracted with C3-C6 alcohols, ketones, and ethers. The aqueous streams are then returned to their respective cyclic process for the production of taurine.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing alkali taurinate by the ammonolysis of alkali ditaurinate, alkali tritaurinate, or a solution of alkali ditaurinate and alkali tritaurinate in the presence of one or more catalysts. The ammonolysis reaction is catalyzed by alkali salts of hydroxide, sulfate, sulfite, phosphate, or carbonate.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing taurine from aziridine by (a) adding gaseous aziridine or a solution of aziridine to a solution of ammonium bisulfite, or ammonium sulfite, or a mixture of ammonium bisulfite and ammonium sulfite to form ammonium taurinate; (b) decomposing ammonium taurinate by heating and removing ammonia from (a) to obtain a crystalline suspension of taurine; and (c) separating taurine by means of solid-liquid separation.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the production of long chain amino acid and long chain dibasic acid, comprising: (1) reacting long chain keto fatty acid with hydroxylamine or subjecting keto fatty acid to an ammoximation reaction to yield an oxime fatty acid; (2) subjecting the oxime fatty acid to the Beckmann rearrangement to yield a mixture of two amide fatty acids; (3) hydrolyzing the mixed amide fatty acids to produce long chain amino acid, long chain dibasic acid, short chain alkylamine, and alkanoic acid.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the separation of long chain amino acid and long chain dibasic acid, comprising: (1) mixing the mixed amide derivatives with an aqueous solution of ammonia or ammonium hydroxide in the presence or absence of solvent or catalyst; (2) subjecting the solution or suspension of step (1) to an hydrolysis reaction; and (3) recovering excess ammonia and solvent in the presence of solvent in step (1) by evaporation to provide a mixture of long chain amino acid and alkylamine or ammonium salts of long chain dibasic acid and alkanoic acid.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing alkali taurinate from alkali isethionate by the ammonolysis of a solution of alkali isethionate, alkali ditaurinate, and alkali tritaurinate, or a solution of alkali ditaurinate and alkali tritaurinate. The overall yield of alkali taurinate from alkali isethionate is obtained to from 90% to nearly quantitative. The ammonolysis reaction is catalyzed by alkali salts of hydroxide, sulfate, sulfite, phosphate, or carbonate.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing taurine by decomposing ammonium taurinate to taurine and ammonia. Ammonium taurinate is prepared by the hydrogenation of ammonium 2-nitroethanesulfonate, by the reaction of aziridine with ammonium bisulfite, or by mixing alkali taurinate with an ammonium salt selected from the group from ammonium isethionate, ammonium bisulfite, ammonium sulfite, ammonium sulfate, ammonium bisulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium bromide, ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carboxylate, ammonium alkyl sulfonate, ammonium aryl sulfonate, and a mixture of two or more thereof.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for preparing taurine from alkali taurinate or a mixture of alkali taurinate, alkali ditaurinate and alkali tritaurinate by reacting alkali taurinate with an ammonium salt to yield ammonium taurinate, which is decomposed by heating and removing ammonia to afford taurine. Suitable ammonium salt is selected from the group of ammonium sulfate, ammonium bisulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium bromide, ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium carboxylate, ammonium alkyl sulfonate, ammonium aryl sulfonate, and a mixture of two or more thereof.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for preparing taurine from alkali taurinate or a mixture of alkali taurinate, alkali ditaurinate and alkali tritaurinate by reacting alkali taurinate with an ammonium salt to yield ammonium taurinate, which is decomposed by heating and removing ammonia to afford taurine. Suitable ammonium salt is selected from the group of ammonium sulfate, ammonium bisulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium bromide, ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium carboxylate, ammonium alkyl sulfonate, ammonium aryl sulfonate, and a mixture of two or more thereof.

Abstract: There is disclosed an extraction process for recovering aminoalcohols and glycols from aqueous streams of taurine production. The aqueous streams which contain aminoalcohols and/or glycols are first mixed with a base to increase pH and then extracted with C3-C6 alcohols, ketones, and ethers. The aqueous streams are then returned to their respective cyclic process for the production of taurine.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing alkali taurinate from alkali isethionate by the ammonolysis of a solution of alkali isethionate, alkali ditaurinate, and alkali tritaurinate, or a solution of alkali ditaurinate and alkali tritaurinate. The overall yield of alkali taurinate from alkali isethionate is obtained to from 90% to nearly quantitative. The ammonolysis reaction is catalyzed by alkali salts of hydroxide, sulfate, sulfite, phosphate, or carbonate.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the separation of long chain amino acid and long chain dibasic acid, comprising: (1) recovering alkylamine by distilling or by extracting with an extractant solvent; (2) adding an acid an extractant solvent to the aqueous solution of step (1) to form an acidic salt of long chain amino acid to extract long chain dibasic acid; (3) separating the mixture of step (2) into an aqueous phase and an extractant phase; (4) neutralizing the aqueous phase of step (3) with an alkali hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide to obtain a crystalline solid of long chain amino acid; (5) cooling the extractant phase of step (3) to crystallize the long chain dibasic acid and recovering the dibasic acid by solid-liquid separation; and (6) recovering the extractant solvent of step (5) and isolating the alkanoic acid by distillation.