Abstract: An image reading apparatus includes an image sensor, a document feeder, and a processor. The document feeder includes a first driving device, a second driving device, a third driving device, a first sensor, and a second sensor. The first driving device includes a pick-up member to move documents from a tray to a document conveying path using a driving force through a first clutch. The second driving device is to move the tray with the documents to a side of the pick-up member using a driving force through a second clutch. The third driving device to move the documents along the document conveying path onto the image sensor using the driving force of the motor The first and second sensors detect the documents on the document conveying path. The processor controls an operation of the first clutch based on the signals of the first and second sensors.

Abstract: This application relates to an electrochromic lens. In one aspect, the lens includes a substrate including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, a first electrode layer disposed on the first surface of the substrate, and a second electrode layer disposed on the first electrode layer. The lens may also include an electrochromic layer disposed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, and adjusting transmittance of light incident on the second surface of the substrate. The lens may further include a first conductor electrically connected to the first electrode layer, and having higher conductivity than at least one of the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer. The lens may further include a second conductor electrically connected to the second electrode layer, and having higher conductivity than at least one of the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a hydrogel bead, a chemical sensor including the same, and an electronic product including the chemical sensor. The hydrogel bead includes at least one type of polysaccharide physically crosslinked with a cation or an anion, and a pH indicator dye.

Abstract: This invention relates to polyamide-10 and a method for preparing the same, and according to this invention, polyamide-10 having superior mechanical and thermal properties can be prepared by preparing polyamide-10 while controlling the condensation polymerization conditions of 10-aminodecanoic acid.

Abstract: A method for measuring interference in a memory device is provided. The method includes: programming a selected memory cell among a plurality of memory cells connected in series between a bit line and a source line; measuring a first noise value of the programmed selected memory cell; programming an adjacent memory cell adjacent to the selected memory cell among the plurality of memory cells; measuring a second noise value of the selected memory cell, after the programming of the adjacent memory cell is completed; and determining interference on the selected memory cell based on the first noise value and the second noise value. The first noise value and the second noise value are measured by detecting a low frequency noise of a cell current of the selected memory cell.

Abstract: An operating method of a memory controller to update metadata using journaling data in a short time during a booting operation, and to maintain reliability of the updated metadata. The operating method of a memory controller includes loading metadata into sub-regions of a buffer memory, updating the metadata using journaling data in a state that error correction code (ECC) functions of memory controller for the sub-regions are disabled, generating a first parity data of data stored in the first sub-region, and enabling the ECC function of the first sub-region, after the first parity data is generated.

Abstract: Provided are a method for fabricating a highly elastic porous polymer membrane, a method for manufacturing a cell culture system using a porous polymer membrane fabricated by the fabrication method, and a cell culture system manufactured by the manufacturing method. The porous polymer membrane can be fabricated by spin coating a mixture solution containing a biodegradable elastomeric polymer and a water-soluble moisture absorbent in an optimum ratio while maintaining a high relative humidity. The porous polymer membrane has a uniform thickness and a uniform pore size and is highly elastic. In addition, the thickness and pore size of the porous polymer membrane can be controlled. The porous polymer membrane can induce active cell-cell interaction during cell co-culture due to its high porosity. The porous polymer membrane enables control over cell alignment or array due to its high biocompatibility and elasticity.

Abstract: Provided are a method for producing a stereocomplex polylactic acid composite based on oil-in-water emulsion blending, a method for preparing a drug delivery composition using a stereocomplex polylactic acid composite produced by the production method, and a drug delivery composition prepared by the preparation method. The stereocomplex polylactic acid composite is produced using oil-in-water emulsion blending that has the advantages of simple process, short production time, and high stereocomplexation efficiency compared to existing methods such as solution blending, melt-blending, and supercritical fluid technology. In addition, the drug delivery composition is prepared using oil-in-water emulsion blending that allows the drug to be loaded into the polymer chains of the stereocomplex polylactic acid in a very easy and efficient manner and facilitates release of the drug at room temperature over a long period of time.

Abstract: Provided are multi-core control systems. A multi-core control system includes multiple cores including a first core; and a process dependency recognizer configured to recognize a dependency between processes each executed in the respective cores, wherein if the first core waits for a first period of time to execute a first process, the first core recognizes a process on which the first process depends by the process dependency recognizer.

Abstract: A data storage device is provided. The data storage device a buffer configured to store a mapping table comprising physical block addresses (PBAs) corresponding to logical block addresses (LBAs), a non-volatile memory configured to store data; and a controller configured to control the buffer and the non-volatile. The controller is configured to read data stored at a first PBA of the non-volatile memory corresponding to a first LBA by referring to the mapping table when receiving a command to read data corresponding to the first LBA from outside of the data storage device, and, when a second LBA included in the data read from the non-volatile memory is different from the first LBA, retry reading, from the non-volatile memory, the data corresponding to the first LBA.

Abstract: A method for preparing a highly elastic biodegradable three-dimensional structure includes (a) mixing poly(lactide-co-?-caprolactone) (PLCL) with at least one biocompatible heat stabilizer that is biocompatible with the PLCL, that is a heat stabilizer for the PLCL, and that is selected from the group consisting of ?-tocopherol, barium-zinc, calcium-zinc, vitamin B, and combinations thereof to provide a solvent-free mixture; and (b) carrying out three-dimensional printing with the solvent-free mixture by heating the mixture at 150-250° C. for 5-20 minutes to provide a heated mixture; and ejecting the heated mixture through a nozzle. The three-dimensional structure maintains mechanical properties even after three-dimensional printing, by adding a biocompatible heat stabilizer to poly(L-lactide-co-?-caprolactone). The three-dimensional structure is useful as a scaffold for tissue engineering.

Abstract: Provided is a separation membrane leaf and a spiral wound module and an apparatus including the same, the separation membrane leaf comprising a separator, a supply-side flow channel material, and a permeation-side flow channel material comprising a tricot, the tricot comprising an adhesive part, and at least a part of the adhesive part being a low density part of the tricot, compared to the rest, wherein the tricot comprises at least one wale, at least one course, and an intersection point at which the at least one wale and the at least one course intersect, and the average distance between two intersection points arranged in parallel in the direction in which the wale of the low-density part is arranged is at least 1.25 times the average distance between two intersection points arranged in parallel in the direction in which the wale of the part other than the low-density part is arranged.

Abstract: An operating method of a memory controller to update metadata using journaling data in a short time during a booting operation, and to maintain reliability of the updated metadata. The operating method of a memory controller includes loading metadata into sub-regions of a buffer memory, updating the metadata using journaling data in a state that error correction code (ECC) functions of memory controller for the sub-regions are disabled, generating a first parity data of data stored in the first sub-region, and enabling the ECC function of the first sub-region, after the first parity data is generated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for inhibiting and preventing myopathy comprising a bean leaf extract as an active ingredient. More specifically, the composition has an effect of inhibiting the overexpression of Atrogin1 and Murf1 specifically expressed in myocyte and restoring cell activity of myocyte to inhibit and prevent muscle loss by including the extract of bean leaf at stage R6 to R8 during the growth stage of bean.

Abstract: A shaped cross-section composite fiber for an intake filter is manufactured from a single material of polypropylene, without separate binder processing by using the single material of polypropylene as a filter material. The shaped cross-section composite fiber includes: a sheath comprising a reformed polypropylene resin; and a core comprising a polypropylene resin, where the sheath and the core are combined to provide a sheath-core structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing of a nerve conduit using bio-printing technology and a nerve conduit prepared by the same, and it can easily prepare a nerve conduit by simulating a nerve bundle and nerve tissue, and the like, by three-dimensionally printing bio-ink comprising a neuronal regeneration material on one side of a porous polymer scaffold.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus includes an image sensor, a document feeder, and a processor. The document feeder includes a first driving device, a second driving device, a third driving device, a first sensor, and a second sensor. The first driving device includes a pick-up member to move documents from a tray to a document conveying path using a driving force through a first clutch. The second driving device is to move the tray with the documents to a side of the pick-up member using a driving force through a second clutch. The third driving device to move the documents along the document conveying path onto the image sensor using the driving force of the motor The first and second sensors detect the documents on the document conveying path. The processor controls an operation of the first clutch based on the signals of the first and second sensors.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a hydrogel bead, a chemical sensor including the same, and an electronic product including the chemical sensor. The hydrogel bead includes at least one type of polysaccharide physically crosslinked with a cation or an anion, and a pH indicator dye.

Abstract: A solid-state drawing method for preparing a surgical suture or a biodegradable stent having improved flexibility and mechanical strength. The method for preparing a biodegradable stent includes (a) providing a biodegradable filament that comprises a material which is biodegradable; (b) solid-state drawing the biodegradable filament to provide a drawn biodegradable filament; (c) shaping the drawn biodegradable filament to provide a shaped biodegradable filament; and (d) annealing the shaped biodegradable filament to provide the biodegradable stent, wherein the biodegradable filament has a draw ratio that ranges from 1.1 to 5.0; and wherein the draw ratio is calculated by Equation 1 below: Draw ratio=(LSSD/LO)2, where LO is length of the biodegradable filament before the solid-state drawing, and LSSD is the length of the biodegradable filament after the solid-state drawing.

Abstract: Provided is a substrate processing apparatus including a load-lock chamber; a transfer chamber connected to the load-lock chamber; and one or more processing chambers connected to the transfer chamber. The transfer chamber includes a transfer arm that transfers a substrate between the load-lock chamber and the one or more processing chambers, the load-lock chamber includes a plurality of load-lock stations for accommodating a plurality of substrates as a matrix of m×n. According to the substrate processing apparatus, a time taken to transfer substrates may be reduced greatly, and productivity may be improved.