Abstract: A liquid crystal display, the liquid crystal display comprises a plurality of gate lines which includes a first gate line, a transformation gate line, and a second gate line; a data line; and a pixel, wherein the pixel includes a first liquid crystal capacitor which includes a first sub-pixel electrode and a common electrode and a second liquid crystal capacitor which includes a second sub-pixel electrode and a common electrode; a first switching element connected to the first gate line, the data line, and the first sub-pixel electrode; a second switching element connected to the first gate line, the data line, and the second sub-pixel electrode; a third switching element connected to the transformation gate line and the second switching element; a transformation capacitor which includes a first terminal connected to the second gate line and a second terminal connected to the third switching element; and a first period where a gate-on voltage Von is applied to the first gate line and a second period where the

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for stabilizing a pulse of a fiber-type femtosecond laser, and more particularly, to an apparatus for stabilizing a pulse of a fiber-type femtosecond laser, which adjusts a distance between a saturable absorption material and an optical fiber connection unit of the femtosecond laser to automatically perform mode-locking, thereby obtaining a laser pulse stabilized for a long time, and a method for stabilizing the pulse of the fiber-type femtosecond laser. The apparatus for stabilizing a pulse of a fiber-type femtosecond laser in a fiber-type femtosecond laser system including a pump laser (100) and a fiber cavity (200) includes a distance adjustment part (300) adjusting a distance (d) between a saturable absorption material (700) and a connection unit of an optical fiber (310) which are provided within the fiber cavity (200).

Abstract: A method for preparing fatty acid alkyl ester for bio-diesels is disclosed, wherein fatty acid, specifically fatty acid distillate reacts with alcohol in the presence of metal catalyst instead of conventional acid or solid acid catalyst. The method does not require the glycerin purification process, and has the superior conversion ratio of fatty acid. The method for preparing fatty acid alkyl ester comprises the step of carrying out an esterification reaction of fatty acid raw material with alcohol in the presence of metal catalyst. Preferably, the esterification reaction is carried out at the temperature of 200 to 350° C. and the pressure of atmospheric pressure to 10 bar, and the metal catalyst is a compound containing metal selected from the group consisting of cobalt, iron, manganese, zinc, titanium and mixture thereof.

Abstract: A metal wiring of a semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate; an insulating layer provided with a damascene pattern formed over the semiconductor substrate; a diffusion barrier layer which contains a RuO2 layer formed on a surface of the damascene pattern and an Al deposit-inhibiting layer formed on a portion of the RuO2 layer in both-side upper portion of the damascene pattern; and a wiring metal layer including Al formed on the diffusion barrier layer by MOCVD method in order to fill the damascene pattern.

Abstract: Interleukin-18 binding proteins which are capable of binding IL-18 and/or modulating and/or blocking IL-18 activity are provided. Methods for their isolation and recombinant production, DNAs encoding them, DNA vectors expressing them, vectors useful for their expression in humans and other mammals, antibodies against them are also provided.

Abstract: A sequential website moving system using a voice guide message comprises: a web server management module which receives registered information on a web page operated on a web server, and stores and manages the information in a web server DB; a web server keyword management module which is provided with a keyword corresponding to the web page operated on the web server, and stores and manages the keyword in a keyword DB; a web browser analysis module which recognizes the content of the web page displayed on a web browser of a client terminal, selects a word or the context representative of the web page as a representative word, and stores the representative word in a representative word DB; a voice guide message generation module which compares the representative word selected in the web browser analysis module with the keyword stored in the keyword DB of the web server keyword management module, links the web page registered on the web server with the corresponding keyword if the matched keyword exists, and g

Abstract: Disclosed are a polylactide stereocomplex with improved thermal stability and thus improved processability and a method for preparing the same. In order to confer flexibility to polymer chains, D-type polylactide polymer containing a small amount of caprolactone (poly D-lactide-caprolactone copolymer) is synthesized and it is uniformly mixed with L-type single-phase polylactide to prepare a flexible polylactide stereocomplex. Since the polylactide stereocomplex having flexible polymer chains has superior heat resistance and mechanical stability and experiences little decrease of the degree of stereocomplex formation even after thermal processing, the polylactide stereocomplex having improved thermal stability can be advantageously used for engineering plastics requiring high strength and good thermal stability, alternative materials for general-use plastics, high-performance medical materials, or the like because of its remarkably improved processability.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for preparing biodegradable polymer materials, biodegradable polymer materials, and a product for fixing bone. The method includes a complex preparing step of preparing polylactide stereoisomeric complex by using a polymer having weight-average molecular weight more than 100,000 g/mol; a molding step of compression-molding the complex; a cooling step of cooling the compression-molded complex; and an extruding step of solid state extruding the cooled complex. Biodegradable polymer materials prepared by the method may be applied to a product for fixing bone or spine requiring high strength. Biodegradable polymer materials may have no corrosion in the body, may require no additional operation for removal after healing bones and tissues, and may prevent stress shielding.

Abstract: An intelligent automatic recognition toolbar search method and system is provided. The method comprises the steps of: installing a toolbar in a user client's web browser or application program; recognizing a query term entered in the search window of the toolbar and registering information about search sites that search for the information on the query term; registering the search site as the basic search site; when the user client enters a query term in the search window and performs a search on the entered query term, performing the search on the entered query term using the query term of the basic search site and storing the search results; displaying the search results: and when the registered search site is displayed and a query term is entered in the search window in the web browser, extracting and searching for the query term entered in the search window of the search site as a query term of the toolbar.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a clay/polymer composite having a predetermined form such as powder or porous foam with an enhanced thermal and mechanical stability using a simple, economical and eco-friendly supercritical fluid-organic solvent system, and more particularly, to a method for preparing a clay/biodegradable polymer stereoisomeric nanocomposite and a clay/polymer composite prepared by the method thereof. The method of preparing a clay/polymer composite according to the present invention may include (a) introducing a clay, a biodegradable single-phase D-type/L-type stereoisomeric polymer and an organic solvent into a reactor, (b) introducing a supercritical fluid into the reactor to form a stereoisomeric composite, and forming a clay/polymer composite dispersed with the clay on the stereoisomeric composite, and (c) collecting the clay/polymer composite, and the clay/polymer composite of the present invention is a clay/polymer composite prepared by the preparation method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anoikis-inducing agent comprising a Tiarella polyphylla extract, a tiarellic acid compound isolated therefrom or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which is specific to cancer cells expressing a tumor-associated antigen L6 or a homolog thereof. The Tiarella polyphylla extract, the tiarellic acid compound isolated therefrom or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of the present invention leads to loss of cell adhesion to reduce cancer cell proliferation and exhibits the effect of inducing cell death in cancer cells expressing a tumor-associated antigen L6 or a homolog thereof, thereby being used for preventing and treating cancer diseases due to a tumor-associated antigen L6 or a homolog thereof.

Abstract: A plasma display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention applies different driving methods according to a maximum grayscale level of image data input for one field. When the maximum grayscale level of the field is higher than a reference level, an address period for selecting a light emitting cell and a non-light emitting cell from a plurality of discharge cells and a sustain period for sustain-discharging light emitting cells among the plurality of discharge cells are simultaneously driven in a plurality of sequential subfields after a first subfield. When the maximum grayscale level of the field is less than the reference level, the address period and the sustain period are time-separately driven in the plurality of subfields.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods relating to an interleukin18-inducible cytokine termed tumor necrosis factor-alpha inducing factor (TAIF) or interleukin-32 (IL-32). In particular, the present invention provides compositions and methods for treating autoimmune diseases and cancer, in part by regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression.

Abstract: A microorganism detection apparatus including a light source unit to irradiate light, a mirror chamber including a light inlet port and a light outlet port, through which the light is introduced and discharged, respectively an inlet port and an outlet port, through which particles are introduced and discharged, respectively, so that light emitted from the particles (emitted particle light) is generated by the light, and an opening, through which the emitted particle light is discharged outside. The mirror chamber has an oval longitudinal section, and is provided at an inside thereof with a mirror. A condensing optical system is disposed in front of the opening outside the opening to condense the emitted particle light discharged through the opening. Condensing efficiency of the fluorescent light condensing optical system is maximized.

Abstract: A microparticle detection apparatus is provided. The microparticle detection apparatus includes a light emitting optical element, a converging optical system disposed in an advancing direction of light emitted from the optical element to converge the light, a particle path located in an advancing direction of the light having passed through the converging optical system so that the particle path intersects the light, a beam blocking unit to block direct light having passed through the particle path, a condensing lens disposed at the rear of the beam blocking unit, and a detector disposed at the rear of the condensing lens to detect light scattered by particles. A focal point of light formed by the optical element and the converging optical system may be located at the rear of the particle path. A focal point of light irradiated to the particles may be different from the introduction position of the particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic light emitting device and a manufacturing method thereof. A method of manufacturing an organic light emitting device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: respectively forming first, second, and third driving transistors in a first region, a second region, and a third region on a substrate; forming an insulating layer on the first to third driving transistors; respectively forming first, second, and third pixel electrodes on the insulating layer, the first, second, and third pixel electrodes being formed in the first, second, and third regions, respectively; forming an auxiliary electrode on a side surface of each of the first, second, and third pixel electrodes; forming an organic light emitting member on the first to third pixel electrodes; and forming a common electrode on the organic light emitting member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for differentiating stem cells into vascular cells by culturing them in the form of a three-dimensional cell cluster and the use of the three-dimensional cell cluster for angiogenesis. Specifically, the present invention teaches a method for differentiating stem cells into vascular cells comprising culturing stem cells by adhering them onto a culture plate with a surface having a hydrophobic property or a culture plate onto which a growth factor is immobilized, wherein the cultured stem cells are later detached from the culture plate as their density increases to form a three-dimensional cell cluster and grown in the form of a three-dimensional cell cluster while differentiating into vascular cells. Also disclosed is the use of a three-dimensional cell cluster composed of the vascular cells differentiated from stem cells by the above method as a cell therapy agent for angiogenesis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a recombinant protein of a fibroblast growth factor (FGF) having an adhesive activity for stem cells and a method for culturing stem cells using the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a recombinant protein having an adhesive activity for stem cells by fusion of a polypeptide linker at amino terminal of FGF, and a method for culturing stem cells using immobilized FGF comprising: fixing the recombinant protein in a culture vessel with a hydrophobic surface using amino terminal of the polypeptide linker, adhering stem cells on the recombinant protein-fixed culture vessel, and culturing the stem cells.

Abstract: Provided is a gate driving circuit including cascade-connected stages that output gate signals. An n-th one of the stages (“n” is a natural number) includes a pull-up part, a pull-up controller, a first pull-down part, a second pull-down part, and a pull-down controller. The pull-up part outputs a first clock signal as an output signal of the n-th stage. The pull-up controller selectively applies first and second powers to a control electrode of the pull-up part. The first pull-down part pulls down a voltage applied to the control electrode of the pull-up part to an off voltage. The second pull-down part pulls down a voltage applied to an output electrode of the pull-up part to the off voltage. The pull-down controller selectively applies the first and second powers to control electrodes of the first and second pull-down parts.

Abstract: A system and method for providing a search result based on a personal network are disclosed. The search result providing system may include a search term reception unit, a personal network extraction unit, and a search result providing unit which may receive a search term from a user. The personal network extraction unit may extract at least one of a personal network associated with the search term, and a personal network associated with the user. The search result providing unit may provide documents associated with the personal networks as a search result of the search term. A search result optimized for the user may be provided to the user by searching for information corresponding to the search term from communities joined by another user having similar interests to that of the user, or communities joined by the user, based on personal networks of the user.