Abstract: A method of selective biooxidation to non activated carbon-hydrogen bonds of substances using a Geobacillus kaustophilus ‘Old Yellow Enzyme’ is provided”. It is shown that OYEs can be used to facilitate the biooxydation of substances, such as testosterone. It is also shown that OYE can introduce double bonds to form alpha, betaalpha, beta desaturated ketones. Furthermore, it is also shown that the use of OYEs allows for the production of oxidized substances in one step reactions, which are otherwise not accessible or only accessible after complex and inefficient multi-step reactions. In addition, the OYE used shows high stability (e.g. at high temperature, or in long lasting bioconversions). An exemplary embodiment is provided showing the use of an OYE to convert testosterone to 6?-hydroxytestosterone.

Abstract: A method for producing a hydroxy-amino ester, or derivative thereof, is provided. A substituted ?-ketodiester having a ketone group and two ester functional groups is contacted with a ketoreductase under conditions permitting the reduction of the ketone group to an alcohol. Only one of the ester functional groups is regioselectively hydrolyzed to the corresponding carboxylic acid, whereby a non-hydrolyzed ester functional group remains. The carboxylic acid is converted to an amine or a derivative thereof to produce a hydroxy-amino ester or derivative thereof. A number of novel hydroxy-amino esters are prepared by the method.

Abstract: Hydroxy-amino acids are provided and are prepared by contacting a substituted ?-ketodiester having a ketone group and two ester functional groups with a ketoreductase under conditions permitting the reduction of the keytone group to an alcohol. Only one of the ester functional groups is regioselectively hydrolyzed to the corresponding carboxylic acid, whereby a non-hydrolyzed ester functional group remains. The carboxylic acid is converted to an amine to produce a hydroxy-amino acid.

Abstract: A method for producing a hydroxy-amino ester, or derivative thereof, is provided. A substituted ?-ketodiester having a ketone group and two ester functional groups is contacted with a ketoreductase under conditions permitting the reduction of the ketone group to an alcohol. Only one of the ester functional groups is regioselectively hydrolyzed to the corresponding carboxylic acid, whereby a non-hydrolyzed ester functional group remains. The carboxylic acid is converted to an amine or a derivative thereof to produce a hydroxy-amino ester or derivative thereof. A number of novel hydroxy-amino esters are prepared by the method.

Abstract: Hydroxy-amino acids are provided and are prepared by contacting a substituted P-ketodiester having a ketone group and two ester functional groups with a ketoreductase under conditions permitting the reduction of the keytone group to an alcohol. Only one of the ester functional groups is regioselectively hydrolyzed to the corresponding carboxylic acid, whereby a non-hydrolyzed ester functional group remains. The carboxylic acid is converted to an amine to produce a hydroxy-amino acid.

Abstract: A methods for producing a hydroxy-amino acid or derivative thereof, such as statine, phenylstatine or isostatine, is provided. A substituted &bgr;-ketodiester having a ketone group and two ester functional groups is contacted with a ketoreductase under conditions permitting the reduction of the ketone group to an alcohol. Only one of the ester functional groups is regioselectively hydrolyzed to the corresponding carboxylic acid, whereby a non-hydrolyzed ester functional group remains. Either the carboxylic acid or the non-hydrolyzed ester functional group is converted to an amine or a derivative thereof to produce a hydroxy-amino acid or derivative thereof.

Abstract: A methods for producing a hydroxy-amino acid or derivative thereof, such as statine, phenylstatine or isostatine, is provided. A substituted &bgr;-ketodiester having a ketone group and two ester functional groups is contacted with a ketoreductase under conditions permitting the reduction of the ketone group to an alcohol. Only one of the ester functional groups is regioselectively hydrolyzed to the corresponding carboxylic acid, whereby a non-hydrolyzed ester functional group remains. Either the carboxylic acid or the non-hydrolyzed ester functional group is converted to an amine or a derivative thereof to produce a hydroxy-amino acid or derivative thereof.