Abstract: Optoelectronic devices that have enhanced internal outcoupling are disclosed. The devices include a substrate, an anode, a cathode, an electroluminescent layer, and a hole injecting layer. The hole injecting layer includes inorganic nanoparticles that have a bimodal particle size distribution and which are dispersed in an organic matrix.

Abstract: Optoelectronic devices with enhanced internal outcoupling include a substrate, an anode, a cathode, an electroluminescent layer, and an electron transporting layer comprising inorganic nanoparticles dispersed in an organic matrix.

Abstract: Monodentate gold ethynyl complexes having a gold-carbon bond and a gold-phosphorous bond, specifically, of formula I, may be useful in optoelectric devices, wherein Ar1 and Ar2 are independently monocyclic or polycyclic aryl, unsubstituted or substituted with one or more alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, fluoro, fluoroalkyl, or perfluoroalkyl; and R is substituted or unsubstituted aryl.

Abstract: Disclosed are a system, a method and/or an apparatus of a shareable virtual non-volatile storage device for a server. In one embodiment, the system includes a server, a storage array, a management processor, and a switching fabric. The storage array includes a storage device coupled with a controller associated with a shared driver to receive a data request from the server at a remote location from the storage array through the switch fabric via a communication link to direct the data request to the storage device coupled with it and transmit data to the server through the switch fabric. A virtual storage device is generated in the server to enable the server to share the shared driver in the storage array with other servers through the switch fabric between the server and the storage array. The server distributes the data across the storage devices through the shared driver.

Abstract: A method in a computer network for automatically detecting a most advantageous protocol for communication by a client computer, said client computer being configured to be coupled to a server computer via a computer network. The method includes initiating a plurality of protocol threads for sending from the client computer to the server computer, a plurality of data requests. Each of the data requests employs a different protocol and a different connection. The data requests are configured to solicit, responsive to the data request, a set of responses from the server computer. Each of the responses employs a protocol associated with a respective one of the data requests. The method further includes receiving at the client computer at least a subset of the responses. The method also includes initiating a control thread at the client computer.

Abstract: A system and method for temporal synchronization of media streams in multimedia collaborative applications (i.e., a multi-user distributed applications used for interaction, both in the synchronous and asynchronous fashion among a group of users) in a wide-area distributed environment. The invention presents two abstractions; event streams and collaboration space, that together provide for coarse-grained temporal synchronization by using separate streams for different media and synchronizing the streams at the client location. VCR-like controls are also provided on groups of components in a collaborative application. The event stream provides many services such as replication, persistence, buffering, reading, and writing to archive. By implementing simple interfaces, existing collaborative applications, media players, and encoders become components that can be used to build complex multimedia collaborative applications.

Abstract: The production of synchronization scripts and associated annotated multimedia streams for servers and client computers coupled to each other by a diverse computer network which includes local area networks (LANs) and/or wide area networks (WANs) such as the intermet. Annotated multimedia streams can include a compressed video stream for display in a video window, an accompanying compressed audio stream and annotations. Synchronization scripts include annotation streams for synchronizing the display of video streams with annotations, e.g., displayable events, such textual/graphical data in the form of HTML pages with Java applets to be displayed in one or more event windows. The producer includes a capture module and an author module for capturing video streams and generating annotation streams, respectively. The capture module compresses the video stream using a suitable compression format.

Abstract: A system, method and computer program storage device providing event and/or state sharing support e.g., for building object-oriented interactive groupware in wide-area distributed environments (such as the Internet). For collaborative applications programmed using events, mechanisms are provided for sharing application-specific events. For example: an event based programming model allows applications to post an event and triggers corresponding ERUs (Event Reaction Unit) in reaction to a received event; preconditions for control activation of ERUs; and event consistency policy objects implement application specified event consistency model. Some policy examples are: a policy in which event order is not guaranteed, but all events are guaranteed to be sent to the ERUs eventually; and a policy that first triggers local ERUs and then posts the event to the server.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for delivering real-time multimedia information to clients via a distributed network is provided. The method and apparatus includes a LiveStation for encoding the real-time multimedia information into a number of different bandwidth points, and associated indexes, each bandwidth point for transmission over data channels of a particular bandwidth. The bandwidth points and indexes are provided to a recaster server to push the bandwidth points and indexes in parallel to secondary servers. The secondary servers then provide clients with compressed multimedia information according to the type of data channel used for connection. Parallel transmission of multiple bandwidth points and indexes allows the secondary servers to dynamically switch bandwidth points if data channels to clients change during transmission.

Abstract: A system, method and computer program storage device providing event and/or state sharing support e.g., for building object-oriented interactive groupware in wide-area distributed environments (such as the Internet). For collaborative applications programmed using events, mechanisms are provided for sharing application-specific events. For example: an event based programming model allows applications to post an event and triggers corresponding ERUs (Event Reaction Unit) in reaction to a received event; preconditions for control activation of ERUs; and event consistency policy objects implement application specified event consistency model. Some policy examples are: a policy in which event order is not guaranteed, but all events are guaranteed to be sent to the ERUs eventually; and a policy that first triggers local ERUs and then posts the event to the server.

Abstract: The production of synchronization scripts and associated annotated multimedia streams for servers and client computers coupled to each other by a diverse computer network which includes local area networks (LANs) and/or wide area networks (WANs) such as the internet. Annotated multimedia streams can include a compressed video stream for display in a video window, an accompanying compressed audio stream and annotations. Synchronization scripts include annotation streams for synchronizing the display of video streams with annotations, e.g., displayable events, such textual/graphical data in the form of HTML pages with Java applets to be displayed in one or more event windows. The producer includes a capture module and an author module for capturing video streams and generating annotation streams, respectively. The capture module compresses the video stream using a suitable compression format.

Abstract: A method in a computer network for automatically detecting a most advantageous protocol for communication by a client computer, said client computer being configured to be coupled to a server computer via a computer network. The method includes initiating a plurality of protocol threads for sending from the client computer to the server computer, a plurality of data requests. Each of the data requests employs a different protocol and a different connection. The data requests are configured to solicit, responsive to the data requests, a set of responses from the server computer. Each of the responses employs a protocol associated with a respective one of the data requests. The method further includes receiving at the client computer at least a subset of the responses. The method also includes initiating a control thread at the client computer.

Abstract: An efficient and reliable transmission protocol for transmitting multimedia streams from a server to a client computer over a diverse computer network including local area networks (LANs) and wide area networks (WANs) such as the internet. The client computer includes a playout buffer for temporary storage of incoming data packets. When the client computer detects that a data packet has not arrived at said client computer by an expected time of arrival (ETA), a round trip time for the data packet is computed. The round trip time is an estimate of a period beginning from the time a retransmission request is sent to from the client computer to the stream server till the time a copy of the missing data packet is received at the client computer from the stream server in response to the retransmission request. If the round trip time is less than the time remaining before the missing packet is no longer useful to the on-demand application, then a retransmission request packet is sent to the server.