Abstract: The invention relates to a pressure reduction device for use in processing equipment handling high pressure and high temperature fluids with a content of abrasive components, where the pressure reduction device comprises a number of pipes with a length and internal cross section adapted to reduce the pressure, where the length, the cross sectional area and the number of pipes are chosen to have an average flow velocity within each pipe of less than 30 m/s.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous process for converting carbonaceous material contained in one or more feedstocks into a liquid hydrocarbon product, said feedstocks including the carbonaceous material being in a feed mixture including one or more fluids, said fluids including water, the process comprising converting at least part of the carbonaceous material, and further in a state of cleaning the pressure and temperature is set to a predetermined desired level; where prior to the cleaning, the inflow of feed mixture is terminated and the system is filled with a fluid, where the temperature and the pressure are altered to the predetermined level at a predetermined rate and where the pressure is constantly kept at a level above the saturation pressure for the fluid at a given temperature, where the inflow of at least one cleaning fluid is initiated and the at least one cleaning fluid is circulated in the system for a predetermined time; where upon reaching the predetermined time for the cleaning fluid cir

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process and apparatus for conversion of organic material into hydrocarbon based fuel such as an oil and relates in particular to a process and apparatus for recovering alkali salts and/or water soluble organics from water effluents from hydrothermal conversion processes of organics such as biomass and/or organic waste and/or other organic materials such as bitumen or lignite coal into oil in hot pressurized water. Another aspect of the invention relates to an integrated process for effective production of oil by conversion of slurries of biomass and/or organic waste and/or other organic materials such as bitumen or coal in hot pressurized water, wherein alkali salts and/or water soluble organics are recovered from the water effluent and is at least partly recycled to the feeding step thereby resulting in both a cleaned water effluent from the process as well as a more effective and economic process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous process for converting carbonaceous material contained in one or more feedstocks into a liquid hydrocarbon product, said feedstocks including the carbonaceous material being in a feed mixture including one or more fluids, said fluids including water, the process comprising: converting at least part of the carbonaceous material by: pressurizing the feed mixture to an operational pressure in the range 150-400 bar, heating the feed mixture to an operational temperature in the range 300-450° C., and maintaining said pressurized and heated feed mixture in the desired pressure and temperature ranges in a reaction zone for a predefined time; cooling the feed mixture to a temperature in the range 25-200° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for continuously converting carbonaceous material contained in one or more feedstocks into a liquid hydrocarbon product, said feedstocks including the carbonaceous material being in a feed mixture including one or more fluids, said fluids including water, the process comprising: converting at least part of the carbonaceous material by pressurising the feed mixture to an operational pressure in the range 150-400 bar, heating the feed mixture to an operational temperature in the range 300-450° C., and maintaining said pressurized and heated feed mixture in the desired pressure and temperature ranges in a reaction zone for a predefined time; cooling the feed mixture to a temperature in the range 25-200° C.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of producing stable nanosized colloidal suspensions of particles with limited crystallinity loss, products thereof, use of the products and an apparatus for the method. In particular the present invention relates to a wet milling method with small beads wherein the size of the final particles in suspension are stabilized in the nanorange (D50<75 nm) and at the same time the particles substantially maintain the crystallinity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous process for converting carbonaceous material contained in one or more feedstocks into a liquid hydrocarbon product, said feedstocks including the carbonaceous material being in a feed mixture including one or more fluids, said fluids including water and further liquid organic compounds at least partly produced by the process in a concentration of at least 1% by weight, where the process comprises convert ing at least part of the carbonaceous material by pressurising the feed mixture to a pressure in the range 250-400 bar; heating the feed mixture to a temperature in the range 370-450° C., and maintaining said pressurized and heated feed mixture in the desired pressure and temperature ranges in a reaction zone for a predefined time; cooling the feed mixture to a temperature in the range 25-200° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous process for converting carbonaceous material contained in one or more feedstocks into a liquid hydrocarbon product, said feedstocks including the carbonaceous material being in a feed mixture including one or more fluids, said fluids including water and further liquid organic compounds at least partly produced by the process in a concentration of at least 1% by weight, where the process comprises converting at least part of the carbonaceous material by pressurising the feed mixture to a pressure in the range 250-400 bar; heating the feed mixture to a temperature in the range 370-450° C., and maintaining said pressurized and heated feed mixture in the desired pressure and temperature ranges in a reaction zone for a predefined time; cooling the feed mixture to a temperature in the range 25-200° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous process for converting carbonaceous material contained in at least two feedstocks into a liquid hydrocarbon product, said feedstocks including at least one feedstock of biomass and at least one feedstock of lignite and/or peat, said feedstocks including the carbonaceous material being in a feed mixture including one or more fluids, said fluids including water and further liquid organic compounds at least partly produced by the process in a concentration of at least 1% by weight, where the process comprises converting at least part of the carbonaceous material by pressurizing the feed mixture to a pressure in the range 50-400 bar, heating the feed mixture to a temperature in the range 250-500° C., and maintaining said pressurized and heated feed mixture in the desired pressure and temperature ranges in a reaction zone for a predefined time; cooling the feed mixture to a temperature in the range 25-200° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous process for converting carbonaceous material contained in one or more feedstocks into a liquid hydrocarbon product, said feedstocks including the carbonaceous material being in a feed mixture including one or more fluids, said fluids including water and further liquid organic compounds at least partly produced by the process in a concentration of at least 1% by weight, where the process comprises converting at least part of the carbonaceous material by pressurizing the feed mixture to a pressure in the range 250-400 bar; heating the feed mixture to a temperature in the range 370-450° C., and maintaining said pressurized and heated feed mixture in the desired pressure and temperature ranges in a reaction zone for a predefined time; cooling the feed mixture to a temperature in the range 25-200° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for improving efficiency of a organic food production plant, the process comprising preparing a feedstock of a raw harvested organic food base product; processing the prepared food base product, including heating; extracting the organic food material from the food base product, and leaving a residual waste product; feeding the waste product into a continuous process for converting carbonaceous material in the waste product into a liquid hydrocarbon product and extracting a liquid hydrocarbon product. The process is related to palm oil production from fresh fruit bunches.

Abstract: The invention relates to continuous process for converting carbonaceous material contained in one or more feedstocks into a liquid hydrocarbon product, said feedstocks including the carbonaceous material being in a feed mixture including one or more fluids, said fluids including water and further liquid organic compounds at least partly produced by the process in a concentration of at least 1% by weight, where the process comprises converting at least part of the carbonaceous material by pressurizing the feed mixture to a pressure in the range 50-400 bar; heating the feed mixture to a temperature in the range 250-500° C., maintaining said pressurized and heated feed mixture in the desired pressure and temperature ranges in a reaction zone for a predefined time; cooling the feed mixture to a temperature in the range 25-200° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous process for converting carbonaceous material contained in one or more feedstocks into a liquid hydrocarbon product, said feedstocks including the carbonaceous material being in a feed mixture including one or more fluids, said fluids including water and further liquid organic compounds at least partly produced by the process in a concentration of at least 1% by weight, where the process comprises converting at least part of the carbonaceous material by pressurizing the feed mixture to a pressure in the range 50-400 bar, heating the feed mixture to a temperature in the range 250-500° C., and maintaining said pressurized and heated feed mixture in the desired pressure and temperature ranges in a reaction zone for a predefined time; cooling the feed mixture to a temperature in the range 25-200° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a feed mixture for use in a process for producing hydrocarbons under increased pressure and temperature conditions, where the feed mixture comprises one or more carbonaceous feedstocks and water, where further a texturing agent has been added to the feed mixture, the texturing agent being adapted to stabilize the feed mixture to prevent separation and further to maintain the feed mixture as a homogenous mixture during a pressurization. Further the invention relates to processes for manufacturing such feed mixture.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing liquid hydrocarbon, the method comprising: providing a feed material, pressurizing the feed material to a predetermined process pressure, heating the pressurized feed material to a predetermined process temperature, reacting the pressurized and heated feed material for a predetermined period of time, cooling the reacted feed material and mechanically separating a high viscosity fraction from the converted feed material before conveying the remaining converted feed mass through a pressure reduction system and further through a separation system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process and apparatus for conversion of organic material into hydrocarbon based fuel such as an oil and relates in particular to a process and apparatus for recovering alkali salts and/or water soluble organics from water effluents from hydrothermal conversion processes of organics such as biomass and/or organic waste and/or other organic materials such as bitumen or lignite coal into oil in hot pressurized water. Another aspect of the invention relates to an integrated process for effective production of oil by conversion of slurries of biomass and/or organic waste and/or other organic materials such as bitumen or coal in hot pressurized water, wherein alkali salts and/or water soluble organics are recovered from the water effluent and is at least partly recycled to the feeding step thereby resulting in both a cleaned water effluent from the process as well as a more effective and economic process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pressure reduction device for use in processing equipment handling high pressure and high temperature fluids with a content of abrasive components, where the pressure reduction device comprises a number of pipes with a length and internal cross section adapted to reduce the pressure, where the length, the cross sectional area and the number of pipes are chosen to have an average flow velocity within each pipe of less than 30 m/s.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process and apparatus for conversion of organic material into hydrocarbon based fuel such as an oil and relates in particular to a process and apparatus for recovering alkali salts and/or water soluble organics from water effluents from hydrothermal conversion processes of organics such as biomass and/or organic waste and/or other organic materials such as bitumen or lignite coal into oil in hot pressurized water. Another aspect of the invention relates to an integrated process for effective production of oil by conversion of slurries of biomass and/or organic waste and/or other organic materials such as bitumen or coal in hot pressurized water, wherein alkali salts and/or water soluble organics are recovered from the water effluent and is at least partly recycled to the feeding step thereby resulting in both a cleaned water effluent from the process as well as an overall more effective and economic process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continous process for converting carbonaceous material contained in one or more feed-stocks into a liquid hydrocarbon product, said feedstocks including the carbonaceous material being in a feed mixture including one or more fluids, said fluids including water, the process comprising: converting at least part of the carbonaceous material by: pressurising the feed mixture to an operational pressure in the range 150-400 bar, heating the feed mixture to an operational temperature in the range 300-450° C., and maintaining said pressurized and heated feed mixture in the desired pressure and temperature ranges in a reaction zone for a predefined time; cooling the feed mixture to a temperature in the range 25-200° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous process for converting carbonaceous material contained in one or more feedstocks into a liquid hydrocarbon product, said feedstocks including the carbonaceous material being in a feed mixture including one or more fluids, said fluids including water, the process comprising converting at least part of the carbonaceous material, and further in a state of cleaning the pressure and temperature is set to a predetermined desired level; where prior to the cleaning, the inflow of feed mixture is terminated and the system is filled with a fluid, where the temperature and the pressure are altered to the predetermined level at a predetermined rate and where the pressure is constantly kept at a level above the saturation pressure for the fluid at a given temperature, where the inflow of at least one cleaning fluid is initiated and the at least one cleaning fluid is circulated in the system for a predetermined time; where upon reaching the predetermined time for the cleaning fluid cir