Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing alkenes of formula R1R2C?CR3R4 by the reaction of a) primary alcolhols (R1R2CHCH2—OH) or b) secondary alcohols (R1R2CHCHR3—OH) or c) tertiary alcohols (R1R2CH—CR3R4OH) with cyclic alkylphosphonic acid anhydrides at a temperature ranging between ?100 and +120° C., whereby R and/or R1 and/or R2 and/or R3 and/or R4 represent H, a linear or branched C1-C12 alkyl group, or a C3-C10 cycloalkyl group, alkenyl group or an aryl group or heteroaryl group. Preferably, a 2,4,6-substituted 1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxatriphosphinane-2,4,6-trioxide of formula (I) is used as the cyclic phosphonic acid anhydride, where R? represents, (independently of one another), allyl, aryl or open-chained or branched C1-C12 alkyl groups. Optionally the reaction can be carried out in the presence of a tertiary amine base NR53.

Abstract: The invention concerns a procedure to determine the sulfur removal of a NOx storage catalytic converter in an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine, whereby conditions, in which a surplus of the reducing agent is generated in the internal combustion engine, are adjusted in the internal combustion engine for the sulfur removal, whereby a SOx removal amount is determined in a SOx removal calculation using a model from the reducing agent flow and from additional operating parameters of the internal combustion engine. In so doing, dynamic effects during the desulferization of the NOx storage catalytic converter can be better taken into account for the SOx removal calculation; and in so doing, the subsequent effect of the NOx storage catalytic converter on the reduction of the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas can be more accurately predicted, which makes the process management more streamlined and consequently more fuel efficient.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of a.) aldehydes of formula (II): R1—CHO and b.) aldehydes of formula (III): R1—C(O)—R2 by reacting a.) primary alcohols (R1CH2—OH) or b.) secondary alcohols (R1—CH(OH)—R2) with cyclic phosphonic acid anhydrides in the presence of dialkyl-, diaryl- and/or alkyl-aryl sulphonic oxides at a temperature in the region of between ?100 to +120° C., whereby R1 and/or R2 represent H, a substituted linear or branched C1-C12-alkyl radical, a substituted C3-C10 cycloalkyl-, alkenyl-, aryl- or heteroaryl radical. A cyclic phosphonic acid anhydride is used, preferably, as a 2,4,6-substituted 1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxatriphosphinane of formula (I), wherein R? independently represents allyl, aryl or open-chained or branched C1-C12-alkyl-radicals.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of a.) aldehydes of formula (II): R1—CHO and b.) aldehydes of formula (III): R1—C(O)—R2 by reacting a.) primary alcohols (R1CH2—OH) or b.) secondary alcohols (R1—CH(OH)—R2) with cyclic phosphonic acid anhydrides in the presence of dialkyl-, diaryl- and/or alkyl-aryl sulphonic oxides at a temperature in the region of between ?100 to +120° C., whereby R1 and/or R2 represent H, a substituted linear or branched C1-C12-alkyl radical, a substituted C3-C10 cycloalkyl-, alkenyl-, aryl- or heteroaryl radical. A cyclic phosphonic acid anhydride is used, preferably, as a 2,4,6-substituted 1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxatriphosphinane of formula (I), wherein R? independently represents allyl, aryl or open-chained or branched C1-C12-alkyl-radicals. Optionally, the reaction can be carried out in the presence of a tertiary amine base NR53.

Abstract: A method is described for operating an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle. In the method, a lean air/fuel mixture is burned in a combustion chamber; nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas are stored in an accumulator-type catalytic converter; a storage efficiency, with which the accumulator-type catalytic converter stores the nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas, is ascertained; and the storage efficiency is ascertained as a function of an instantaneous space velocity of the exhaust gases in the accumulator-type catalytic converter. Two efficiencies are ascertained at least as a function of the temperature of the accumulator-type catalytic converter and a space velocity. One of the two efficiencies is ascertained for a great space velocity, and the other efficiency is ascertained for a small space velocity. The storage efficiency is ascertained as a function of the instantaneous space velocity from the two efficiencies.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for producing: a) nitriles of formula (II) and b) isonitriles of formula (III) by reacting: a) carboxylic acid amides (RCO—NH2), ammonium salts of carboxylic acids (RCOO—NH4+) or carboxylic acids in the presence of ammonia or ammonium salts (RCOOH+NH3, RCOOH+NH4+) or b) formamides (H—CO—NHR) or mixtures of amines with formic acid, with cyclic phosphonic acid anhydrides while eliminating water at a temperature ranging from ?30 to +120° C., in which R represents an arbitrarily substituted linear or branched C1-C8 alkyl radical, a C3-C10 cycloalkyl radical, alkenyl radical, alkynyl radical or an aryl radical or heteroaryl radical.

Abstract: A process for preparing anilineboronic acid derivative of the formula I, by converting an aniline to a diprotected aniline by introducing two protecting groups, metalating the diprotected aniline with a metalating agent and simultaneously or subsequently reacting with a boronic ester B(OR1,2,3)3 to form a protected anilineboronic ester, which is converted, by detaching the protecting groups, to the anilineboronic esters of the formula (I).

Abstract: A process for preparing anilineboronic acid derivatives of the formula I, by converting an aniline (II) to a diprotected aniline (III) by introducing two protecting groups PG, metalating (III) and simultaneously or subsequently reacting with a boronic ester B(OR1,2,3)3 (IV) to a protected anilineboronic ester of the formula (V), which is converted, by detaching the protecting groups PG, to the anilineboronic esters of the formula (I) Step 1: Protection of the Aniline by Dibenzylation Step 2: Metalation of the Protected Aniline, Conversion to Boronic Acid Derivative Step 3: Detachment of the Protecting Group where R is for example, H, F, Cl, Br, I, a, C1-C20—,alkyl or -alkoxy radical, a C6-C12-aryl or -aryloxy radical, a heteroaryl or heteroaryloxy radical, a C3-C8-cycloalkyl radical; X is H, Cl, Br, I or F; R1, R2, R3 are each independently H, a C1-C20-alkyl group, and two R1-3 radicals together may optionally form a ring, or are each further B(OR)3 radicals.

Abstract: A process for preparing bisallylboranes of the formula (I) by reacting a diene with sodium borohydride in the presence of an oxidant: in an inert solvent, with the borane generated in situ reacting selectively with the diene to form the bis(allyl)borane of the formula (I) and the substituents R1 to R6 having the following meanings: R114 R6 are H, aryl or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C4-alkyl or two radicals R may be closed to form a cyclic system. As oxidant, it is possible to use, for example, alkyl halides or dialkyl sulfates. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the diene used is 2,5-dimethylhexa-2,4-diene (R1, R2, R5, R6=methyl, R3, R4=H).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a linker nucleoside, its preparation and use for the covalent bonding of biomolecules to oligonucleotides, in particular p-RNA oligonucleotides.

Abstract: A process for preparing formylphenylboronic acids of the formula (I) by reaction of protected chlorobenzaldehydes of the formula (II) with lithium in an inert solvent to form compounds of the formula (III) and subsequent reaction with a boron compound of the formula BY3 to give compounds of the formula (I).

Abstract: The invention relates to conjugates including at least one linker, a biomolecule coupled to the linker, and cyclohexane derivatives of the following formula: 1

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing [1,1′:4′,1″]-terphenyl compounds of the formula which comprises reacting a metal aryl of the formula with a boric ester at −80 to 40° C. in the presence of an inert solvent, converting the reaction product by hydrolysis into a boronic acid of the formula reacting the boronic acid, a boronic anhydride obtainable from boronic acid by elimination of water, or a mixture of boronic acid and boronic anhydride, with an alcohol, and reacting the boronic ester formed thereby with a biphenyl compound of the formula at 40 to 180° C. in the presence of a catalyst, of an acid-binding agent and of a polar solvent.

Abstract: A process for preparing bisallylboranes of the formula (I) by reacting a diene with sodium borohydride in the presence of an oxidant in an inert solvent, with the borane generated in situ reacting selectively with the diene to form the bis(allyl)borane of the formula (I) and the substituents R1 to R6 having the following meanings: R1-R6 are H, aryl or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C4-alkyl or two radicals R may be closed to form a cyclic system. As oxidant, it is possible to use, for example, alkyl halides or dialkyl sulfates. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the diene used is 2,5-dimethylhexa-2,4-diene (R1, R2, R5, R6=methyl, R3, R4=H).

Abstract: A process for preparing formylphenylboronic acids of the formula (I) by reaction of protected chlorobenzaldehydes of the formula (II) with lithium in an inert solvent to form compounds of the formula (III) and subsequent reaction with a boron compound of the formula BY3 to give compounds of the formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a linker nucleoside, its preparation and use for the covalent bonding of biomolecules to oligonucleotides, in particular p-RNA oligonucleotides.

Abstract: A process for preparing bisallylboranes of the formula (I) by reacting a diene with sodium borohydride in the presence of an oxidant 1

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound of formula (I), wherein R1 is NR3R4, OR3 or SR3 with R3 and R4 being H or CnH2n+1 independently of each other and being the same or different, n being a whole number from 1 to 12; R2 is equal to CmH2m—C(X)—Y with X being ═O, ═S or ═N, Y being equal to OR3, NR3R4 or SR3, R3 and R4 having the same meaning given above, and m being a whole number from 1 to 4; or R2 is equal to CmH2m—Z—Y′ with Z being a sulfonyl, phosphonyl, ether or amine group, Y′ being equal to H, CnH2n+1, OR3, NR3R4 or SR3 then Z is sulphonyl or phosphonyl group, n, R3 and R4 having the meaning given above, and Y′ being equal to CnH2n+1 when Z is an ether or an amine group; A, B, and D are the same or different and mean CR5R6, O, NR7 ou S independently of each other with R5, R6 and R7 being H or CnH2n+1, independently of each other, n having the meaning given above; and C is equal to CR8 or N with R8 having the meaning of R5 indepen

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) 1

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) in which Q1 and Q2 are each OH or form a trimeric boric anhydride, Z is CHO, CH2Y, X or a protected aldehyde group, and X is CN, COOH, COCl, CONH2 or C(OR)3, and Y is OH or NH2, and Z is in the o-, m- or p-position to the boronic acid radical, are prepared by a) reacting a compound of the formula (II)  with Mg in the presence of an anthracene compound and, if desired, a transition-metal halide and, if desired, an Mg halide or in the presence of a transition-metal halide and, if desired, an Mg halide, to give the corresponding arylmagnesium chloride, b) reacting the latter with a borate of the formula B(OR′)3 and hydrolyzing the product, with removal of the aldehyde protecting group, c) and, if desired, oxidizing or reducing the free aldehyde group.