Abstract: A method includes forming elongate structures on a first substrate, such that the material composition of each elongate structure varies along its length so as to define first and second physically different sections in the elongate structures. First and second physically different devices are then defined in the elongate structures. Alternatively, the first and second physically different sections may be defined in the elongate structures after they have been fabricated. The elongate structures may be encapsulated and transferred to a second substrate. The invention provides an improved method for the formation of a circuit structure that requires first and second physically different devices to be provided on a common substrate. In particular, only one transfer step is necessary.

Abstract: A resonant tunneling device includes a first semiconductor material with an energy difference between valence and conduction bands of Eg1, and a second semiconductor material with an energy difference between valence and conduction bands of Eg2, wherein Eg1 and Eg2 are different from one another. The device further includes an energy selectively transmissive interface connecting the first and second semiconductor materials.

Abstract: A multi-junction photovoltaic structure which includes a first photovoltaic sub-cell having at least one junction, a second photovoltaic sub-cell having at least one junction and having a band gap smaller than a smallest band gap of the first photovoltaic sub-cell, and an interlayer that provides optical coupling between the first and second photovoltaic cells, wherein the interlayer has a physical thickness substantially similar or less than a vacuum wavelength of light corresponding to a smallest band gap of the second photovoltaic sub-cell.

Abstract: A system for controlling a vehicle to follow at least one person includes a detection device for detecting a location of at least one person. The system further includes a storage device for recording locations of at least one person at a plurality of points in time, and a path determination device for determining a driveable path for a vehicle based on the recorded locations. The system further includes a control device for operating vehicle to follow one or more persons over the driveable path.

Abstract: A display device includes a first layer having an optically active display portion, a second layer including a photovoltaic element, and a third layer including electronics operatively coupled to the first layer, wherein the electronics are configured to drive the optically active display portion. Further, the second layer is arranged between the first and third layers.

Abstract: A method/system for estimating a state of a device and at least one target in an environment. The process involves computing a state vector using an error state form of the position of the device in a local coordinate reference frame.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a device structure, comprises: forming an insulating layer (3b) over a first set of devices disposed over a substrate (3); forming one or more vias in the insulating layer; disposing a second set of devices (6) over the insulating layer, wherein devices of the second set comprise respective electrical contacts (6a) and are disposed over the insulating layer (3b) such that a side on which a contact (6a) can be accessed faces the substrate (3); and forming one or more electrical contacts between the first set of devices and the second set of devices (6) through the via(s). The second set of devices and at least one via are positioned such that one or more of the vias lies at least partially within the footprint of two devices, each belonging to a different device layer.

Abstract: A method for automatically tracking compliance in a clinical trials process involving one or more operations comprising selecting a container; associating an identifier with the container, the identifier having a unique signature data item thereon; reading the unique signature data item to a relational database; performing a first operation relating to the container; checking the performance of the first operation against a compliance standard; following the successful completion of the first operation, writing an associated compliance data item to the relational database; optionally performing one or more further operations relating to the container; and following the successful completion of each optional further operation or a package thereof, writing an associated compliance data item to the database.

Abstract: A vehicle remote control device includes a communications device for transferring vehicle movement control signals to a remote vehicle and a touch-screen interface configured to present a graphical representation of the remote vehicle and to allow a user to manipulate the graphical representation on the touch-screen. A conversion component converts the manipulation of the graphical representation into vehicle control signals for transfer by the communications device.

Abstract: The improved reed relay package provided a “pseudo” Form C relay that includes two Form A relays with at least one bridge filter element electrically interconnecting the signal outputs thereof to reduce stub capacitance and improve RF performance. As a result, the reed relay package can operate at very high frequencies, such as 18 GHz and higher. Also, vias can be provided through the support substrate to simulate a co-planar waveguide and RF shields profiled with cut-outs to better simulate a 50 ohm impedance environment throughout the path of the signal line.

Abstract: A portable extractor apparatus is shown which includes a wheel mounted base having a solution tank for dispensing and recovering cleaning solution. A cleaning wand is connected to the solution tank and has a head which contacts the surface to the cleaned for dispensing and recovering cleaning solution. A fluid pump circulates cleaning solution in a path between the solution tank and the cleaning head. A vacuum motor provides a vacuum source for the cleaning head for suctioning the surface being cleaned and has an exhaust fan for exhausting excess heat created by the operation of the vacuum motor. A fluid operated heat exchanger is mounted in the vicinity of the vacuum motor. The heat exchanger is plumbed in the circulation path of the cleaning fluid, whereby excess heat generated by the vacuum motor is transferred to the cleaning fluid being applied from the cleaning head onto the surface to be cleaned. The cleaning head can also be integrally mounted on the wheel mounted base.

Abstract: A display device includes a first layer having an optically active display portion, a second layer including a photovoltaic element, and a third layer including electronics operatively coupled to the first layer, wherein the electronics are configured to drive the optically active display portion. Further, the second layer is arranged between the first and third layers.

Abstract: A method comprises forming elongate structures (5) on a first substrate (3), such that the material composition of each elongate structure (7) varies along its length so as to define first and second physically different sections in the elongate structures. First and second physically different devices (1,2) are then defined in the elongate structures. Alternatively, the first and second physically different sections may be defined in the elongate structures after they have been fabricated. The elongate structures may be encapsulated and transferred to a second substrate (7). The invention provides an improved method for the formation of a circuit structure that requires first and second physically different devices (1,2) to be provided on a common substrate. In particular, only one transfer step is necessary.

Abstract: A method of growing a thin film comprises growing a thin film by conformally forming at least one layer over a substrate having structures extending from a surface of the substrate, whereby the or each layer is formed over the surface of the substrate and over the structures extending from the surface. The thickness of the conformal layer, or the sum of the thicknesses of the conformal layers, is at least half the average spacing of the structures, and; at least one of the height of the structures, the average spacing of the structures and the size of the smallest dimension of the structures is set so as to provide an enhanced growth rate for the or each conformal layer (compared to the growth rate over a planar substrate).

Abstract: A method includes forming elongate structures (5) on a first substrate (3), such that the material composition of each elongate structure (7) varies along its length so as to define first and second physically different sections in the elongate structures. First and second physically different devices (1, 2) are then defined in the elongate structures. Alternatively, the first and second physically different sections may be defined in the elongate structures after they have been fabricated. The elongate structures may be encapsulated and transferred to a second substrate (7). The invention provides an improved method for the formation of a circuit structure that requires first and second physically different devices (1,2) to be provided on a common substrate. In particular, only one transfer step is necessary.

Abstract: A method and means for processing information across a network is provided, the network comprising a plurality of nodes. In one embodiment, the invention includes algorithm means for addressing the problem of efficient information distribution between nodes in the network. This invention addresses the problem by generating probabilistic models at the nodes in the network and by selectively distributing information between the nodes based on these models and by using a predetermined metric function in such a way as to reduce information differences between the nodes. Advantageously this invention finds utility in many applications in both distributed networks and centralised networks provided that it is possible to derive an appropriate tree topology representation of the network.

Abstract: A vertical multi-junction photovoltaic device includes a structured substrate including a plurality of substantially vertical elongated structures protruding from a planar surface of the structured substrate. An areal density of the elongated structures at a first sliced plane parallel to the planer surface is different than an areal density of the elongated structures at a second sliced plane parallel to the planar surface. The device further includes least a first sub-cell and a second sub-cell, each having a corresponding vertical p-n or p-i-n junction formed of conformal layers, the first sub-cell being formed in a first region incorporating the first sliced plane and the second sub-cell being formed above the first sub-cell in a second region incorporating the second sliced plane.

Abstract: A method of encapsulating low dimensional structures comprises forming a first group (3a) of low dimensional structures (1) and a second group (3b) of low dimensional structures (1) on a first substrate. The first group (3a) of low dimensional structures (1) and the second group (3b) of low dimensional structures (1) are encapsulated in a matrix (5), with the first group (3a) of low dimensional structures (1) being encapsulated separately from the second group (3b) of low dimensional structures (1). After encapsulation, the first group (3a) of low dimensional structures (1) may be separated from the second group (3b) of low dimensional structures (1). Each group may then be processed, for example by transfer to a second substrate (7). The number of low dimensional structures in a group, and the aspect ratio of a group is defined when the low dimensional structures are formed, and can therefore be controlled more accurately than in a conventional method in which groups are defined using a patterning technique.

Abstract: The improved reed relay package provided a “pseudo” Form C relay that includes two Form A relays with at least one bridge filter element electrically interconnecting the signal outputs thereof to reduce stub capacitance and improve RF performance. As a result, the reed relay package can operate at very high frequencies, such as 18 GHz and higher. Also, vias can be provided through the support substrate to simulate a co-planar waveguide and RF shields profiled with cut-outs to better simulate a 50 ohm impedance environment throughout the path of the signal line.

Abstract: A method comprises forming elongate structures (5) on a first substrate (3), such that the material composition of each elongate structure (7) varies along its length so as to define first and second physically different sections in the elongate structures. First and second physically different devices (1,2) are then defined in the elongate structures. Alternatively, the first and second physically different sections may be defined in the elongate structures after they have been fabricated. The elongate structures may be encapsulated and transferred to a second substrate (7). The invention provides an improved method for the formation of a circuit structure that requires first and second physically different devices (1,2) to be provided on a common substrate. In particular, only one transfer step is necessary.