Patents by Inventor Stephen Forrest

Stephen Forrest has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).

  • Publication number: 20050087131
    Abstract: A method of depositing organic material is provided. A carrier gas carrying an organic material is ejected from a nozzle at a flow velocity that is at least 10% of the thermal velocity of the carrier gas, such that the organic material is deposited onto a substrate. In some embodiments, the dynamic pressure in a region between the nozzle and the substrate surrounding the carrier gas is at least 1 Torr, and more preferably 10 Torr, during the ejection. In some embodiments, a guard flow is provided around the carrier gas. In some embodiments, the background pressure is at least about 10e-3 Torr, more preferably about 0.1 Torr, more preferably about 1 Torr, more preferably about 10 Torr, more preferably about 100 Torr, and most preferably about 760 Torr. A device is also provided. The device includes a nozzle, which further includes a nozzle tube having a first exhaust aperture and a first gas inlet; and a jacket surrounding the nozzle tube, the jacket having a second exhaust aperture and a second gas inlet.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 23, 2003
    Publication date: April 28, 2005
    Inventors: Max Shtein, Stephen Forrest, Joe Michels
  • Publication number: 20050079279
    Abstract: An organic light emitting device (OLED) is disclosed for which the hole transporting layer, the electron transporting layer and/or the emissive layer, if separately present, is comprised of a non-polymeric material. A method for preparing such OLED's using vacuum deposition techniques is further disclosed.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 15, 2004
    Publication date: April 14, 2005
    Inventors: Gong Gu, Paul Burrows, Stephen Forrest
  • Publication number: 20050074629
    Abstract: The present invention is directed to multi-layer organic devices having improved stability, wherein at least one layer of the device comprises a host material that is morphologically unstable and a dopant material that provides improved morphological properties to the layer. The layer may be incorporated into, for example, OLEDs, organic phototransistors, organic photovoltaic cells, and organic photodetectors.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 6, 2003
    Publication date: April 7, 2005
    Inventors: Stephen Forrest, Brian D'Andrade, Anna Chwang
  • Publication number: 20050061364
    Abstract: Organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices are disclosed. The devises are thin-film crystalline organic optoelectronic devices capable of generating a voltage when exposed to light, and prepared by a method including the steps of: depositing a first organic layer over a first electrode; depositing a second organic layer over the first organic layer; depositing a confining layer over the second organic layer to form a stack; annealing the stack; and finally depositing a second electrode over the second organic layer.
    Type: Application
    Filed: June 24, 2004
    Publication date: March 24, 2005
    Inventors: Peter Peumans, Soichi Uchida, Stephen Forrest
  • Publication number: 20050008897
    Abstract: Organic light emitting devices are disclosed which are comprised of a heterostructure for producing electroluminescence wherein the heterostructure is comprised of an emissive layer containing a phosphorescent dopant compound.
    Type: Application
    Filed: August 6, 2004
    Publication date: January 13, 2005
    Inventors: Mark Thompson, Yujian You, Andrei Shoustikov, Scott Sibley, Paul Burrows, Stephen Forrest
  • Publication number: 20040242116
    Abstract: The present invention is directed to an organic optoelectronic device, such as an OLED device, provided with a vacuum deposited conformal composite coating for protecting the device from environmental elements such as moisture and oxygen. The present invention is also directed to a method for vacuum depositing a conformal composite coating directly onto an organic optoelectronic device, such as an OLED device, on a substrate. According to one embodiment, the invention provides a protected OLED device comprising a substrate; an active region positioned on said substrate; a first protective layer disposed over the active region; and a second protective layer disposed over the first protective layer, wherein said second protective layer comprises multiple sub-layers that further comprise an alternating series of two or more first polymeric sub-layers and two or more first high density sub-layers.
    Type: Application
    Filed: June 8, 2004
    Publication date: December 2, 2004
    Inventors: Stephen Forrest, Paul Burrows
  • Patent number: 6813182
    Abstract: A donor/acceptor-organic-junction sheet employed within an electronic memory array of a cross-point diode memory. The donor/acceptor-organic-junction sheet is anistropic with respect to flow of electrical current and is physically unstable above a threshold current. Thus, the volume of the donor/acceptor-organic-junction sheet between a row line and column line at a two-dimensional memory array grid point serves both as the diode component and as the fuse component of a diode-and-fuse memory element and is electrically insulated from similar volumes of the donor/acceptor-organic-junction sheet between neighboring grid point intersections.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 31, 2002
    Date of Patent: November 2, 2004
    Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
    Inventors: Craig M Perlov, Stephen Forrest
  • Publication number: 20040209116
    Abstract: The present invention relates to organic light emitting devices (OLEDs), and more specifically to efficient OLEDs having an emissive layer having host material with a wide energy gap. The present invention also relates to materials for use as a wide gap host material.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 6, 2003
    Publication date: October 21, 2004
    Inventors: Xiaofan Ren, Russell Holmes, Stephen Forrest, Mark E. Thompson
  • Publication number: 20040149552
    Abstract: A switch, used as an electronic-memory element, comprising a conductive organic polymer layer sandwiched between, and in contact with, two metallic conductive elements. In an initial post-fabrication state, the organic polymer layer is relatively highly conductive, the post-fabrication constituting a first stable state of the memory element that can serve to represent a binary bit “1 or 0,” depending which of two possible encoding conventions is employed. A relatively high voltage pulse can be passed between the two metal conductive elements, resulting in a market decrease in the current-caring capacity of the organic polymer layer sandwiched between the two conductive elements. This change in conductivity of the organic polymer layer is generally irreversible, and constitutes a second stable state of the memory element that may be used to encode a binary bit “0” or “1,” again depending on which of two possible encoding conventions are employed.
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 31, 2003
    Publication date: August 5, 2004
    Inventors: Sven Moeller, Stephen Forrest
  • Patent number: 6765351
    Abstract: The present invention is directed to an organic optoelectronic device, such as an OLED device, provided with a vacuum deposited conformal composite coating for protecting the device from environmental elements such as moisture and oxygen. The present invention is also directed to a method for vacuum depositing a conformal composite coating directly onto an organic optoelectronic device, such as an OLED device, on a substrate. According to one embodiment, the invention provides a protected OLED device comprising a substrate; an active region positioned on said substrate; a first protective layer disposed over the active region; and a second protective layer disposed over the first protective layer, wherein said second protective layer comprises multiple sub-layers that further comprise an alternating series of two or more first polymeric sub-layers and two or more first high density sub-layers.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 20, 2001
    Date of Patent: July 20, 2004
    Assignee: The Trustees of Princeton University
    Inventors: Stephen Forrest, Paul Burrows
  • Publication number: 20030223270
    Abstract: A donor/acceptor-organic-junction sheet employed within an electronic memory array of a cross-point diode memory. The donor/acceptor-organic-junction sheet is anistropic with respect to flow of electrical current and is physically unstable above a threshold current. Thus, the volume of the donor/acceptor-organic-junction sheet between a row line and column line at a two-dimensional memory array grid point serves both as the diode component and as the fuse component of a diode-and-fuse memory element and is electrically insulated from similar volumes of the donor/acceptor-organic-junction sheet between neighboring grid point intersections.
    Type: Application
    Filed: May 31, 2002
    Publication date: December 4, 2003
    Inventors: Craig M. Perlov, Stephen Forrest
  • Patent number: 6625954
    Abstract: A film clamping mechanism for use in connection with film wrapping apparatus comprises a pair of film clamping fingers or members which are movable between first and second CLOSED and OPENED states for respectively clamping and releasing a leading end portion of a wrapping film, and between first and second RAISED and LOWERED states for respectively clamping the leading end portion of the wrapping film at the commencement of the film wrapping operation and for maintaining the leading end portion of the wrapping film during the film wrapping operation.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 28, 2002
    Date of Patent: September 30, 2003
    Assignee: Illinois Tool Works Inc.
    Inventor: Stephen Forrest
  • Publication number: 20030140599
    Abstract: A film clamping mechanism for use in connection with film wrapping apparatus comprises a pair of film clamping fingers or members which are movable between first and second CLOSED and OPENED states for respectively clamping and releasing a leading end portion of a wrapping film, and between first and second RAISED and LOWERED states for respectively clamping the leading end portion of the wrapping film at the commencement of the film wrapping operation and for maintaining the leading end portion of the wrapping film during the film wrapping operation.
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 28, 2002
    Publication date: July 31, 2003
    Applicant: ILLINOIS TOOL WORKS INC.
    Inventor: Stephen Forrest
  • Publication number: 20030117068
    Abstract: The present invention is directed to an organic optoelectronic device, such as an OLED device, provided with a vacuum deposited conformal composite coating for protecting the device from environmental elements such as moisture and oxygen. The present invention is also directed to a method for vacuum depositing a conformal composite coating directly onto an organic optoelectronic device, such as an OLED device, on a substrate. According to one embodiment, the invention provides a protected OLED device comprising a substrate; an active region positioned on said substrate; a first protective layer disposed over the active region; and a second protective layer disposed over the first protective layer, wherein said second protective layer comprises multiple sub-layers that further comprise an alternating series of two or more first polymeric sub-layers and two or more first high density sub-layers.
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 20, 2001
    Publication date: June 26, 2003
    Inventors: Stephen Forrest, Paul Burrows
  • Publication number: 20030015698
    Abstract: An organic semiconductor device is provided. The device has a first electrode and a second electrode, with an organic semiconductor layer disposed between the first and second electrodes. An electrically conductive grid is disposed within the organic semiconductor layer, which has openings in which the organic semiconductor layer is present. At least one insulating layer is disposed adjacent to the electrically conductive grid, preferably such that the electrically conductive grid is completely separated from the organic semiconductor layer by the insulating layer. Methods of fabricating the device, and the electrically conductive grid in particular, are also provided. In one method, openings are formed in an electrically conductive layer with a patterned die, which is then removed. In another method, an electrically conductive layer and a first insulating layer are etched through the mask to expose portions of a first electrode.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 17, 2002
    Publication date: January 23, 2003
    Inventors: Marc Baldo, Peter Peumans, Stephen Forrest, Changsoon Kim
  • Patent number: 6424146
    Abstract: A proximity sensor for determining the gap between a sensor and a metal target which is insensitive to noise, changes in temperature of the sensor and different lengths of wire by measuring the AC conductance, DC conductance and susceptance of the sensor and using the measured values with a predetermined data base to derive the desired gap distance.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 13, 1999
    Date of Patent: July 23, 2002
    Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
    Inventors: Nick Anthony Demma, LeRoy Ernest Vetsch, Stephen Forrest Rogoff
  • Patent number: 6362069
    Abstract: The present invention provides a method of manufacturing VCSELs which involves a flip-bonding process wherein the top surface of the VCSEL wafer is bonded face down onto a surrogate substrate. The process begins in a manner similar to traditional double dielectric stack based VCSEL, but then involves flip-bonding the wafer onto an In or Ag epoxy coated surrogate substrate. The InP substrate is then selectively etched. After flip-bonding the wafer fabrication proceeds on the freshly etched surface which now forms the top surface. Next, standard mesa-isolation and contact formation techniques are performed on this newly etched surface.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 28, 2000
    Date of Patent: March 26, 2002
    Assignee: The Trustees of Princeton University
    Inventors: Stephen Forrest, Milind R. Gokhale, Hongsheng Wang
  • Publication number: 20010052768
    Abstract: A proximity sensor for determining the gap between a sensor and a metal target which is insensitive to noise, changes in temperature of the sensor and different lengths of wire by measuring the AC conductance, DC conductance and susceptance of the sensor and using the measured values with a predetermined data base to derive the desired gap distance.
    Type: Application
    Filed: May 13, 1999
    Publication date: December 20, 2001
    Inventors: NICK ANTHONY DEMMA, LEROY ERNEST VETSCH, STEPHEN FORREST ROGOFF
  • Patent number: 5998803
    Abstract: The present invention is directed to organic light emitting devices comprised of a heterostructure for producing electroluminescence, wherein the heterostructure includes a hole injection enhancement layer between a hole transporting layer and an indium tin oxide anode layer. The hole injection enhancement layer may be comprised of 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA), bis(1,2,5-thiadiazolo)-p-quinobis(1,3-dithiole) (BTQBT), or other suitable, rigid organic materials. The present invention is further directed to methods of fabricating such devices.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 29, 1997
    Date of Patent: December 7, 1999
    Assignees: The Trustees of Princeton University, The University of Southern California
    Inventors: Stephen Forrest, Paul Burrows, Mark E. Thompson, Vladimir Bulovic
  • Patent number: 5859866
    Abstract: A monolithically integrated vertical twin-waveguide structure reduces the sensitivity of the device performance characteristics due to the laser cavity length and variations in the layer structure. This is achieved by the introduction of an absorption or loss layer between the active and passive regions. This layer eliminates the propagation of the even mode, while having minimal effect on the odd mode. The threshold current densities and differential efficiencies of the devices are unaffected by the loss layer. A coupling efficiency of 45% from the laser to the external passive waveguide is obtained.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 7, 1997
    Date of Patent: January 12, 1999
    Assignee: The Trustees of Princeton University
    Inventors: Stephen Forrest, Chih-Ping Chao, Miland Gokhale, Ligeng Xu