Abstract: A linear compound and a metal salt or boron-containing metal salt thereof contains one or more carboxyl-containing phenol units or derivatives thereof and one or more on average at least C18 hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic units or derivatives thereof connected by one or more divalent bridging groups. A concentrate contains the linear compound or metal salt thereof and an organic diluent. A lubricating oil composition contains a minor amount of the linear compound or metal salt thereof and a major amount of a lubricating oil. Additional embodiments of the invention are processes to make the linear compound and the metal salt thereof.

Abstract: An optical image scanner includes a scan head that is mounted onto a guide member with a bias torque that reduces uncertainty in position of the scan head. A drive member, such as a belt or cable, is attached to the scan head with an offset relative to a centerline of the guide member. A tensioning device ensures that the drive member asserts force on the scan head at each of the attachment points. As a result, a bias torque is placed onto the scan head, relative to the guide member, reducing uncertainty in position. For bidirectional movement, the biasing torque is the same for either direction of travel.

Abstract: An additive concentrate having a TBN greater than 300 suitable for incorporation into a finished lubricating oil composition comprising:(I) a lubricating oil soluble sulphurised or non-sulphurised alkaline earth metal hydrocarbyl phenate derived either from a hydrocarbyl phenate or its precursors and modified by reaction to incorporate:(i) an aldehyde, and(ii) from greater than 2 to less than 40% by weight based on the weight of the concentrate of either (a) at least one carboxylic acid having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a C.sub.10 to C.sub.24 alkyl or alkenyl group and R.sup.1 is either hydrogen, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group or a --CH.sub.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition suitable for use in a low or medium speed diesel engine comprising a fuel oil with a residual oil content is characterised in that the lubricating oil composition further comprises a hydrocarbyl substituted amine or polyamine. The effect of such an amine is to reduce deposits due to the residual oil. A method of reducing deposits in a low or medium speed diesel engine is also disclosed.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition suitable for use in low- or medium-speed diesel engines comprising a fuel oil with a residual oil content characterised in that the lubricating oil composition further comprises a "black paint" reducing amount of the product obtained by the reaction at elevated temperature of a hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic anhydride with either serine or an aminosalicylic acid.

Abstract: A diaphragm pump has a magnetic actuator. A permanent magnetic assembly is secured to the outside face of the diaphragm of the pump and provides at least a pair of opposed magnetic pole faces directed away from the diaphragm. An electromagnet assembly has at least a pair of opposite poles located opposite but spaced from the pole faces of the permanent magnet assembly. Energizing the electromagnet with alternating current, alternately repels and attracts the permanent magnet assembly, thereby reciprocating the diaphragm to operate the pump.

Abstract: An overbased metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted sulphurised or non-sulphurised phenol, a calixarene having a substituent hydroxyl group or groups available for reaction with metal base or a linear phenol/formaldehyde resin wherein the metal moiety comprises a first metallic component which is at least one alkaline earth metal and a second metallic component which is at least one of either (i) at least one alkali metal or (ii) at least one metal selected from Groups IIIa, IVa, Va, VIa, VIIa and VIII of either the first or the second transition series of the Periodic Table of the Elements, the weight ratio of the first metal component to the second metal component being in the range from 1000:1 to 2:1.

Abstract: An additive concentrate having a TBN greater than 300 suitable for incorporation into a finished lubricating oil comprises: (I) a lubricating oil soluble overbased alkaline earth metal hydrocarbyl salicylate modified by reaction to incorporate (a) an aldehyde, and (b) from 2 to 40% by weight, based on the weight of the concentrate, of either (i) at least one carboxylic acid having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.3 is a C.sub.10 to C.sub.24 alkyl or alkenyl group and R.sup.4 is either hydrogen, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group or a CH.sub.2 COOH group, or an anhydride or ester thereof, or (ii) a di- or poly-carboxylic acid containing from 36 to 100 carbon atoms or an acid anhydride, acid chloride or ester thereof, and (II) a lubricating oil.

Abstract: An additive concentrate composition having a TBN greater than 300 suitable for incorporation into a finished lubricating oil composition comprising:(I') a first alkaline earth metal sulphurised hydrocarbyl phenate, and(II') a lubricating oil,the first alkaline earth metal sulphurised hydrocarbyl phenate (I') being obtained by overbasing a second alkaline earth metal sulphurised hydrocarbyl phenate containing at least 4% by weight sulphur, or its precursors, in the presence of the lubricating oil (II'), the amount of the lubricating oil (II') being such that the ratio of the weight of the additive concentrate to the weight of the second alkaline earth metal sulphurised hydrocarbyl phenate, or its precursors, is at least 3.0.

Abstract: A process for producing a dispersant/VI improver for use in finished lubricating oil compositions comprises reacting in a normally liquid substantially inert organic solvent (a) a copolymer of an olefin and a monomer having the structure (I), wherein X and X.sup.1 are the same or different provided that at least one of X and X.sup.1 is such that the copolymer can function as carboxylic acylating agent, (b) a succinimide, and (c) a primary or secondary amine or a mixture thereof. Preferred copolymers comprise maleic anhydride as a comonomer. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the amine is a monoamine, and a polyamine is also added; the monoamine and polyamine are added to the reaction medium prior to addition of the succinimide.

Abstract: A board fixturing system employed in an automatic in-circuit tester is vibrated at a sub-ultrasonic frequency that is in substantial close proximity to a resonant frequency of at least a major portion of the fixturing system to improve the probability of establishing good electrical conductivity between the probes of the automatic in-circuit tester and predetermined contact locations on the board under test.

Abstract: Grounding technology is provided for a short-wire, circuit board test fixture. As a result of the grounding technology, the ground between a circuit board test system and a circuit board under test can be reliably controlled. The grounding technology provides testing at extremely higher speeds by minimizing ground bounce. An internal ground plane is situated in the test fixture. Pursuant to one embodiment of the invention, a coax assembly at ground potential surrounds critical signal paths between the internal ground plane and an alignment plate situated at the bottom of the test fixture. Either a conductive alignment plate or a conductive ground comb affixed to a non-conductive alignment plate is implemented to permit conduction of the ground signal between the board test system and the coax assembly. In another embodiment, an array of ground personality pins provides conduction of the ground signal between the internal ground plane and the board test system.

Abstract: In a data processing system which defines and processes objects and defines a plurality of virtual screens of display data with which views of objects can be associated, the system defines distinct anterior and posterior display layers for display, with the anterior layer having a background such that the content of the posterior display layer can be viewed therethrough and with one of the layers being assignable for the display of a selected virtual screen and the other display layer being dedicated for the display of an additional screen. The system also provides for the transfer of objects between the anterior and posterior display layers such that the dedicated layer can be used for transporting objects between virtual screens.

Abstract: A process for producing a lubricating oil dispersant additive comprises:step (1) reacting compound (A), wherein compound (A) is a hydrocarbyl-substituted or a substituted hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid or anhydride or ester thereof, with compound (B) of formula (I)H.sub.2 N(CHR.sup.1 CHR.sup.2 O).sub.n CHR.sup.3 CHR.sup.4 NH.sub.2(I)wherein one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is hydrogen and the other is hydrogen or a lower alkyl group and n is an integer from 1 to 10 and one of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is hydrogen and the other is hydrogen or a lower alkyl group, each of the --(CHR.sup.1 CHR.sup.2 O)-- units being independently defined, to give a product (C) andstep (2) reacting product (C) with a diisocyanate (D) of formula (II)OCN--R.sup.5 --NCO (II)wherein R.sup.5 is a divalent organic group. Novel succinimides have been prepared by the disclosed process, lubricating oil compositions comprise 1-20% w/w of the modified succinimides. The succinimides have dispersancy and VI improver properties.

Abstract: A switch (10) comprises a switch housing (11), a plunger (12) located within the switch housing (11), one end of the plunger (12) extending out of the housing (11), the plunger (12) being capable of limited movement relative to the housing (11). An electrical contact (17) is provided on the plunger (12) and is adapted to engage an electrical contact (19, 20) associated with the housing (11) at an outward limit of movement of the plunger (12). A stop (25) is provided coaxially of the plunger (12) for engagement of the end (18) of the plunger (12) at a normal inward limit of movement of the plunger (12). The stop (25) is displaceable axially when a load in excess of a predetermined magnitude is applied thereto by the plunger (12) to permit movement of the plunger (12) beyond its normal inward limit of movement relative to the housing (11).

Abstract: Non-sulphurized overbased metal salts of sulphur-free calixarenes having a substituent hydroxyl group or groups available for reaction with metal base and their preparation are claimed. The salts are useful as additives to lubricating oils by reason of their acids neutralization capability, their detergent and their antioxidant properties.

Abstract: A process for producing a lubricating oil dispersant additive comprises:step (1) reacting compound (A), wherein compound (A) is a hydrocarbyl-substituted or a substituted hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid or anhydride or ester thereof, with compound (B) of formula (I)H.sub.2 N(CHR.sup.1 CHR.sup.2 O).sub.n CHR.sup.3 CHR.sup.4 NH.sub.2 (I)wherein one R.sup.2 and R.sup.2 is hydrogen and the other is hydrogen or a lower alkyl group and n is an integer from 1 to 10 and one of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is hydrogen and the other is hydrogen or a lower alkyl group, each of the --(CHR.sup.1 CH.sup.2 O)--units being independently defined, to give a product (C) andstep(2) reacting product (C) with a diisocyanate (D) of formula (II)OCN--R.sup.5 --NCO (II)wherein R.sup.5 is a divalent organic group. Novel succinimides have been prepared by the disclosed process, lubricating oil compositions comprise 1-20% w/w of the modified succinimdes. The succinimides have dispersancy and VI improver properties.

Abstract: Non-sulphurized overbased metal salts of sulphur-free calixarenes having a substituent hydroxyl group or groups available for reaction with metal base are claimed. The salts are useful as additives to lubricating oils by reason of their acids neutralization capability, their detergent and their antioxidant properties.

Abstract: A pre-loaded compression spring assembly is described which preferably includes a compression spring, a base plate to support one end of the spring, and a flexible retention member which extends over the opposite end of the spring and which is adapted to retain the spring in a pre-loaded condition on the base plate. The spring assembly is compressed when force is applied to the upper end of the spring. The spring assembly has a variety of uses, including for example use in circuit board testing apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus is described for interfacing an automatic board test system to an electronic circuit card. This interface permits short and reliable connections between the test system and electronic components located on the circuit card for the electronic signals which test these components. This apparatus works equally well with vacuum actuated and mechanically actuated systems.