Abstract: Compounds of Formula (I): wherein R1, R3, R11, R12, X, Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 and are as defined in the description. Medicinal products containing the same which are useful in treating conditions requiring anti-apoptotic inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention is a system for color analysis, which comprises a hand-held device and a working platform. The hand-held device is provided with a camera and installed with analysis software. The work platform is placed with an object to be tested, a standard color carrier is installed at both front and rear sides or at both left and right sides of the object to be tested, a positioning frame extends upward around the working platform, the positioning frame and the working platform are mutually formed an inclination angle, and the positioning frame is used to fix the hand-held device. In this way, the camera can shoot the working platform in an inclined direction, and then the analysis software is used to compare a color difference between the object to be tested and the standard color carrier to obtain analysis result of the object to be tested.

Abstract: The invention is a system for color analysis, which comprises a hand-held device and a working platform. The hand-held device is provided with a camera and installed with analysis software. The work platform is placed with an object to be tested, a standard color carrier is installed at both front and rear sides or at both left and right sides of the object to be tested, a positioning frame extends upward around the working platform, the positioning frame and the working platform are mutually formed an inclination angle, and the positioning frame is used to fix the hand-held device. In this way, the camera can shoot the working platform in an inclined direction, and then the analysis software is used to compare a color difference between the object to be tested and the standard color carrier to obtain analysis result of the object to be tested.

Abstract: A method of inspecting plants for contamination includes generating a first series of images of a plant using a camera mounted to a frame being moved along a planting bed by a harvester, identifying a region of interest displayed in the first series of images as a region of contamination on the plant based on a color criterion and a morphological criterion applied to the region of interest, and transmitting data including an instruction to increase a vertical distance between the plant and a cutter of the harvester to avoid harvesting the plant in response to identifying the region of interest as the region of contamination. The method further includes generating a second series of images of an additional plant as the frame continues to be moved along the planting bed by the harvester while the vertical distance between the plant and the cutter is being increased.

Abstract: A method of inspecting plants for contamination includes generating a first series of images of a plant using a camera mounted to a frame being moved along a planting bed by a harvester, identifying a region of interest displayed in the first series of images as a region of contamination on the plant based on a color criterion and a morphological criterion applied to the region of interest, and transmitting data including an instruction to increase a vertical distance between the plant and a cutter of the harvester to avoid harvesting the plant in response to identifying the region of interest as the region of contamination. The method further includes generating a second series of images of an additional plant as the frame continues to be moved along the planting bed by the harvester while the vertical distance between the plant and the cutter is being increased.

Abstract: A method of inspecting plants for contamination includes generating a first series of images of a plant using a camera mounted to a frame being moved along a planting bed by a harvester, identifying a region of interest displayed in the first series of images as a region of contamination on the plant based on a color criterion and a morphological criterion applied to the region of interest, and transmitting data including an instruction to increase a vertical distance between the plant and a cutter of the harvester to avoid harvesting the plant in response to identifying the region of interest as the region of contamination. The method further includes generating a second series of images of an additional plant as the frame continues to be moved along the planting bed by the harvester while the vertical distance between the plant and the cutter is being increased.

Abstract: A method of inspecting plants for contamination includes generating a first series of images of a plant, identifying a region of interest displayed in the first series of images, comparing a color parameter of the region of interest to a color criterion associated with a type of contamination, comparing a morphological parameter of the region of interest to a reference parameter associated with the type of contamination, and upon determining that the color parameter meets the color criterion and that the morphological parameter sufficiently matches the reference parameter, identifying the region of interest as a region of contamination on the plant. The method further includes transmitting an instruction to lift a cutter of a harvester up from a planting bed to avoid harvesting the plant in response to identifying the region of interest as the region of contamination, and generating a second series of images of an additional plant.

Abstract: A method of inspecting plants for contamination includes generating a first series of images of a plant using a camera mounted to a frame being moved along a planting bed by a harvester, identifying a region of interest displayed in the first series of images as a region of contamination on the plant based on a color criterion and a morphological criterion applied to the region of interest, and transmitting data including an instruction to increase a vertical distance between the plant and a cutter of the harvester to avoid harvesting the plant in response to identifying the region of interest as the region of contamination. The method further includes generating a second series of images of an additional plant as the frame continues to be moved along the planting bed by the harvester while the vertical distance between the plant and the cutter is being increased.

Abstract: A method of inspecting plants for contamination includes generating a first series of images of a plant, identifying a region of interest displayed in the first series of images, comparing a color parameter of the region of interest to a color criterion associated with a type of contamination, comparing a morphological parameter of the region of interest to a reference parameter associated with the type of contamination, and upon determining that the color parameter meets the color criterion and that the morphological parameter sufficiently matches the reference parameter, identifying the region of interest as a region of contamination on the plant. The method further includes transmitting an instruction to lift a cutter of a harvester up from a planting bed to avoid harvesting the plant in response to identifying the region of interest as the region of contamination, and generating a second series of images of an additional plant.

Abstract: A leaf removal apparatus for removing one or more wrapper leaves of a harvested produce and its method of use is provided. The apparatus includes a framework, a conveyor comprising a set of parallel rods having a space therebetween, a stripping roller, and a plurality of flexible members. The methods of using the apparatus include feeding a harvested produce onto a conveyor comprising a set of parallel rods having a space therebetween; transporting the harvested produce on the conveyor towards a stripping roller connected to a framework of the leaf removal apparatus; contacting the harvested produce with a plurality of flexible members connected to the framework, and the stripping roller, and loosening or removing one or more wrapper leaves of the harvested produce, wherein one or more of the removed wrapper leaves fall through the space between the rods of the conveyor.

Abstract: A leaf removal apparatus for removing one or more wrapper leaves of a harvested produce is provided. The leaf removal apparatus includes a framework, a conveyor, a stripping roller, and a plurality of flexible members. The conveyor is configured to transport the harvested produce in a forward direction to the stripping roller. The stripping roller is connected to the framework and rotates in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the conveyor. The stripping roller applies a friction force on the harvested produce. The plurality of flexible members are connected to the framework and are configured to loosen or remove one or more wrapper leaves of the harvested produce and prolong the duration of contact between the harvested produce and the stripping roller. The flexible members may also cause the harvested produce to rotate, helping to remove one or more wrapper leaves.

Abstract: A method of selectively harvesting fruits includes generating a first series of images of a plant while the plant is moved to expose hidden fruits, identifying an object displayed in the first series of images as a suspect fruit from feature boundary data defined by color regions, comparing a color parameter of the suspect fruit to a criterion associated with a ripeness, advancing an automated picker toward the suspect fruit based on a determined position of the suspect fruit and while monitoring a proximity sensor of the automated picker, detecting a color of the impediment and confirming that the impediment is a fruit, operating the automated picker to pick the fruit from the plant, and while the automated picker is operated to pick the fruit, generating a second series of images of one or more additional plants while the one or more additional plants are moved to expose additional fruits.

Abstract: A method of pruning plants includes generating a first series of images of a plant, identifying a first object displayed in the images as a fruit of the plant, collecting data associated with a state of the fruit, identifying a second object displayed in the images as a suspect plant component of the plant, comparing a parameter of the suspect plant component to a reference parameter associated with plant components to be pruned, in response to determining that the parameter of the suspect plant component sufficiently matches the reference parameter, identifying the suspect plant component as a plant component to be pruned from the plant, advancing an automated pruner toward the plant component, operating the automated pruner to sever the plant component from the plant, and while the automated pruner is operated to sever the plant component, generating a second series of images of one or more additional plants.

Abstract: A method of selectively harvesting fruits includes generating a first series of images of a plant while the plant is moved to expose hidden fruits, identifying an object displayed in the first series of images as a suspect fruit from feature boundary data defined by color regions, comparing a color parameter of the suspect fruit to a criterion associated with a ripeness, advancing an automated picker toward the suspect fruit based on a determined position of the suspect fruit and while monitoring a proximity sensor of the automated picker, detecting a color of the impediment and confirming that the impediment is a fruit, operating the automated picker to pick the fruit from the plant, and while the automated picker is operated to pick the fruit, generating a second series of images of one or more additional plants while the one or more additional plants are moved to expose additional fruits.

Abstract: Wrapper leaves of a harvested produce can be removed using a leaf removal apparatus. The leaf removal apparatus includes a framework, a conveyor, a stripping roller, and a plurality of flexible members. The method of using the leaf removal apparatus includes feeding a harvested produce onto a conveyor; transporting the harvested produce on the conveyor towards a stripping roller connected to a framework of the leaf removal apparatus; and contacting the harvested produce with a plurality of flexible members connected to the framework, and the stripping roller.

Abstract: A plant eradication system includes a mobile chassis, a camera carried by the mobile chassis and configured to generate images of multiple plants arranged in a bed as the mobile chassis is moved in a direction along the bed, a processor configured to determine respective locations of the multiple plants from the generated images, a controller configured to select one or more target plants from among the multiple plants for eradication, and a rotary cutter carried by the mobile chassis and rotatable about an axis extending in the direction along which the mobile chassis is moved along the bed, wherein the rotary cutter is responsive to the controller to accelerate a blade of the rotary cutter to strike a selected plant as the mobile chassis is moved along the bed, and to decelerate the blade to avoid eradicating unselected plants as the mobile chassis is moved along the bed.

Abstract: A leaf removal apparatus for removing one or more wrapper leaves of a harvested produce is provided. The leaf removal apparatus includes a framework, a conveyor, a stripping roller, and a plurality of flexible members. The conveyor is configured to transport the harvested produce in a forward direction to the stripping roller. The stripping roller is connected to the framework and rotates in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the conveyor. The stripping roller applies a friction force on the harvested produce. The plurality of flexible members are connected to the framework and are configured to loosen or remove one or more wrapper leaves of the harvested produce and prolong the duration of contact between the harvested produce and the stripping roller. The flexible members may also cause the harvested produce to rotate, helping to remove one or more wrapper leaves.

Abstract: A method of selectively eradicating plants includes generating images of multiple plants arranged in a bed using a camera mounted to a mobile chassis moving along the bed, determining respective locations of the multiple plants from the generated images, selecting from among the multiple plants one or more target plants to be eradicated, and eradicating the one or more target plants by accelerating a blade of a rotary cutter to strike the one or more target plants as the mobile chassis moves along the bed, and to decelerate the blade to avoid eradicating unselected plants as the mobile chassis moves along the bed, wherein the rotary cutter is carried by the mobile chassis and rotatable about an axis extending in the direction along which the mobile chassis is moved.

Abstract: A leaf removal apparatus for removing one or more wrapper leaves of a harvested produce is provided. The leaf removal apparatus includes a framework, a conveyor, a stripping roller, and a plurality of flexible members. The conveyor is configured to transport the harvested produce in a forward direction to the stripping roller. The stripping roller is connected to the framework and rotates in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the conveyor. The stripping roller applies a friction force on the harvested produce. The plurality of flexible members are connected to the framework and are configured to loosen or remove one or more wrapper leaves of the harvested produce and prolong the duration of contact between the harvested produce and the stripping roller. The flexible members may also cause the harvested produce to rotate, helping to remove one or more wrapper leaves. The friction force applied by the stripping roller removes one or more wrapper leaves of the harvested produce.

Abstract: A method of selectively eradicating plants includes generating images of multiple plants arranged in a bed using a machine vision system mounted to a platform moving along the bed, determining respective locations of the multiple plants from the generated images, selecting from among the multiple plants one or more target plants to be eradicated, and eradicating the one or more target plants by forcing the one or more target plants into the bed using a plunger moving along the bed.