Patents by Inventor STEPHEN L. SCHWARTZ
STEPHEN L. SCHWARTZ has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 11067568Abstract: Described are embodiments of an invention for detecting target antigens in a biological sample using a sample assembly. Detection may be accomplished by performing a method comprising: sweeping a head module over the sample assembly, wherein said head module includes at least one magneto-resistive read sensor configured to detect target antigens via nanoparticles within the sample assembly; and detecting at least one particular antigen among the target antigens. Preferably, detecting the target antigens via the nanoparticles is based at least in part on detecting unique magnetic properties of particular nanoparticles specifically associated with different types of the target antigens. Detection using a magnetic read/write head in the sample assembly facilitates automation of sample detection with high speed and fidelity. Corresponding systems are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: April 11, 2016Date of Patent: July 20, 2021Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Dylan J. Boday, Stephen L. Schwartz, Anna W. Topol, Sandra L. Waters, Daniel J. Winarski
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Patent number: 10669091Abstract: An automated health product dispensary library, according to one embodiment includes storage slots configured to receive health product cartridges that have health products therein; and an accessor, configured to transport tape cartridges, for transporting the health product cartridges. Other systems, methods, and computer program products are described in additional embodiments.Type: GrantFiled: March 6, 2015Date of Patent: June 2, 2020Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Tara Astigarraga, Louie A. Dickens, Dennis W. Fried, Michael P. McIntosh, Stephen L. Schwartz, Daniel J. Winarski, George G. Zamora
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Patent number: 10656232Abstract: Described are embodiments to calibrate read sensors, which in turn may ensure that the equipment utilized to detect antigens is reliable and accurate. If it is determined that a read sensor is degraded a method of calibrating a read sensor of a read head may be used.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 2014Date of Patent: May 19, 2020Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: David Berman, Dylan J. Boday, Icko E. T. Iben, Wayne I. Imaino, Stephen L. Schwartz, Anna W. Topol, Daniel J. Winarski
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Patent number: 10393737Abstract: Described are embodiments of an invention for a sample assembly with an electrical conductor for detection of the antigens by electromagnetic read heads. In one embodiment, a sample assembly includes: a substrate; one or more base layers above the substrate; an outer layer above the substrate; a plurality of sample trenches formed in the outer layer, each sample trench being characterized by an upper surface, a bottom surface, and a longitudinal axis; an electrical conductor disposed in the substrate, the electrical conductor being configured to generate an electromagnetic field in proximity to the plurality of sample trenches to enhance nanoparticle movement toward the bottom surface of the plurality of sample trenches; and at least one alignment trench formed above the substrate, each alignment trench having a longitudinal axis substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of at least one of the sample trenches.Type: GrantFiled: May 31, 2016Date of Patent: August 27, 2019Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Allen K. Bates, Nils Haustein, Stephen L. Schwartz, Anna W. Topol, Daniel J. Winarski
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Patent number: 10317398Abstract: A sample assembly includes an outer layer with at least one sample trench. The sample trench includes a first set of antibodies that are bonded on a first surface of a base layer. Target antigens are bonded with the first set of antibodies, and a second set of antibodies are bonded to the target antigens. Further, the sample trench includes nanoparticles that are bonded to the second set of antibodies.Type: GrantFiled: September 29, 2015Date of Patent: June 11, 2019Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Dylan J. Boday, Stephen L. Schwartz, Anna W. Topol, Sandra L. Waters, Daniel J. Winarski
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Patent number: 10133748Abstract: Various embodiments for processing data in a data deduplication system are provided. In one embodiment, a method for processing such data is disclosed. For data segments previously deduplicated by the data deduplication system, a supplemental hot-read link is established for those of the data segments determined to be read on at least one of a frequent and recently used basis. Other system and computer program product embodiments are disclosed and provide related advantages.Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 2013Date of Patent: November 20, 2018Assignee: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATIONInventors: Allen K. Bates, Louie A. Dickens, Stephen L. Schwartz, Daniel J. Winarski
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Patent number: 10132804Abstract: Described are embodiments of an invention for a sample assembly with an electrical conductor for detection of the antigens by electromagnetic read heads. In one embodiment, a sample assembly includes: a substrate; one or more base layers above the substrate; an outer layer above the one or more base layers; a plurality of sample trenches formed in the outer layer and/or the one or more base layers, each sample trench being characterized by an upper surface, a bottom surface, and a longitudinal axis; an electrical conductor disposed in the substrate, the electrical conductor being configured to generate an electromagnetic field in proximity to the plurality of sample trenches to enhance nanoparticle movement toward the bottom surface of the plurality of sample trenches; and at least one alignment trench formed above the substrate, each alignment trench having a longitudinal axis substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of at least one of the sample trenches.Type: GrantFiled: May 31, 2016Date of Patent: November 20, 2018Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Allen K. Bates, Nils Haustein, Stephen L. Schwartz, Anna W. Topol, Daniel J. Winarski
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Patent number: 10101949Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes creating a cartridge memory (CM) database accessible via a storage cloud, the CM database storing information corresponding to a plurality of data storage cartridges that are configured to store data that is accessible by one or more data storage drives located in one or more data storage libraries. The method also includes storing information corresponding to each of the plurality of data storage cartridges to separate entries in the CM database, the information being selected from a group including: a history of read errors for each data storage cartridge that occurred during reading of the data storage cartridge, which data storage drive was used for writing data to each data storage cartridge, and a temperature and humidity within each data storage library, within each data storage cartridge, and within a data storage drive at a time when a data storage cartridge was written.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 2017Date of Patent: October 16, 2018Assignee: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATIONInventors: Allen K. Bates, Nhan X. Bui, Octaviano G. Gomez, Marie L. E. Romero, Stephen L. Schwartz, Daniel J. Winarski
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Patent number: 10052634Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure relate to methods of storing and using biosamples with a cartridge that includes slots for storing biosample capillary tubes. The methods include providing access to a holder inside an enclosure of the cartridge, the enclosure having a same form factor as a data tape cartridge used in an automated tape library. The holder is configured to receive a plurality of capillary tubes in the holder, the capillary tubes including one or more biosamples. Exemplary methods may also include receiving capillary tubes in the cartridge, withdrawing capillary tubes from the cartridge, scanning and/or analyzing the capillary tubes and/or biosamples. Exemplary methods may additionally or alternatively include retrieving the cartridge from a storage slot of the automated tape library, loading the cartridge onto a drive of the automated tape library, and/or receiving and/or exporting a cartridge to/from the automated tape library via a mail slot.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 2016Date of Patent: August 21, 2018Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Allen K. Bates, Nils Haustein, James W. Johnson, Thorsten Krause, Stephen L. Schwartz, Anna W. Topol, Ulf Troppens, Daniel J. Winarski
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Patent number: 9714985Abstract: According to one embodiment, a calibration assembly includes an outer layer having at least one calibration trench extending along a y-axis, and an encapsulation layer within the calibration trench. The encapsulation layer has a plurality of nanoparticles spaced apart along said y-axis of said at least one calibration trench. Each of said plurality of nanoparticles are provided at known y-axis locations in said calibration trench, and each of the plurality of nanoparticles have a known magnetic property.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 2014Date of Patent: July 25, 2017Assignee: GLOBALFOUNDRIES INC.Inventors: David Berman, Dylan J. Boday, Icko E. T. Iben, Wayne I. Imaino, Stephen L. Schwartz, Anna W. Topol, Daniel J. Winarski
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Publication number: 20170206038Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes creating a cartridge memory (CM) database accessible via a storage cloud, the CM database storing information corresponding to a plurality of data storage cartridges that are configured to store data that is accessible by one or more data storage drives located in one or more data storage libraries. The method also includes storing information corresponding to each of the plurality of data storage cartridges to separate entries in the CM database, the information being selected from a group including: a history of read errors for each data storage cartridge that occurred during reading of the data storage cartridge, which data storage drive was used for writing data to each data storage cartridge, and a temperature and humidity within each data storage library, within each data storage cartridge, and within a data storage drive at a time when a data storage cartridge was written.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 31, 2017Publication date: July 20, 2017Applicant: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Allen K. Bates, Nhan X. Bui, Octaviano G. Gomez, Marie L. E. Romero, Stephen L. Schwartz, Daniel J. Winarski
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Patent number: 9652181Abstract: In one embodiment, a system includes a storage cloud comprising storage media, a cartridge memory (CM) database stored to the storage media, and a storage controller, wherein the storage controller is configured to communicate with one or more data storage drives located in one or more data storage libraries, each data storage drive being configured to write and/or read data to/from a plurality of data storage cartridges therein, and control the one or more data storage libraries as a single logical library, wherein the CM database includes a plurality of entries, each entry corresponding to a data storage cartridge. In another embodiment, the data storage cartridge includes a data storage medium configured to store more than about 100 MB of data, a physical CM configured to store less than about 100 KB of data, and a visible indicator displayed on an exterior of the housing.Type: GrantFiled: January 7, 2014Date of Patent: May 16, 2017Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Allen K. Bates, Nhan X. Bui, Octaviano G. Gomez, Marie L. E. Romero, Stephen L. Schwartz, Daniel J. Winarski
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Publication number: 20160274099Abstract: Described are embodiments of an invention for a sample assembly with an electrical conductor for detection of the antigens by electromagnetic read heads. In one embodiment, a sample assembly includes: a substrate; one or more base layers above the substrate; an outer layer above the substrate; a plurality of sample trenches formed in the outer layer, each sample trench being characterized by an upper surface, a bottom surface, and a longitudinal axis; an electrical conductor disposed in the substrate, the electrical conductor being configured to generate an electromagnetic field in proximity to the plurality of sample trenches to enhance nanoparticle movement toward the bottom surface of the plurality of sample trenches; and at least one alignment trench formed above the substrate, each alignment trench having a longitudinal axis substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of at least one of the sample trenches.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 31, 2016Publication date: September 22, 2016Inventors: Allen K. Bates, Nils Haustein, Stephen L. Schwartz, Anna W. Topol, Daniel J. Winarski
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Publication number: 20160274102Abstract: Described are embodiments of an invention for a sample assembly with an electrical conductor for detection of the antigens by electromagnetic read heads. In one embodiment, a sample assembly includes: a substrate; one or more base layers above the substrate; an outer layer above the one or more base layers; a plurality of sample trenches formed in the outer layer and/or the one or more base layers, each sample trench being characterized by an upper surface, a bottom surface, and a longitudinal axis; an electrical conductor disposed in the substrate, the electrical conductor being configured to generate an electromagnetic field in proximity to the plurality of sample trenches to enhance nanoparticle movement toward the bottom surface of the plurality of sample trenches; and at least one alignment trench formed above the substrate, each alignment trench having a longitudinal axis substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of at least one of the sample trenches.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 31, 2016Publication date: September 22, 2016Inventors: Allen K. Bates, Nils Haustein, Stephen L. Schwartz, Anna W. Topol, Daniel J. Winarski
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Publication number: 20160257493Abstract: An automated health product dispensary library, according to one embodiment includes storage slots configured to receive health product cartridges that have health products therein; and an accessor, configured to transport tape cartridges, for transporting the health product cartridges. Other systems, methods, and computer program products are described in additional embodiments.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 6, 2015Publication date: September 8, 2016Applicants: COMPUTER TASK GROUP, INC., INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATIONInventors: Tara Astigarraga, Louie A. Dickens, Dennis W. Fried, Michael P. McIntosh, Stephen L. Schwartz, Daniel J. Winarski, George G. Zamora
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Patent number: 9435800Abstract: Described are embodiments of an invention for a sample assembly with an electrical conductor for generating an electromagnetic field to speed up the tagging of target antigens with antiparticles for detection of the antigens by electromagnetic read heads. A sample assembly includes a surface with a first set of antibodies bonded thereon. Target antigens are bonded with the first set of antibodies. A second set of antibodies bonded to nanoparticles are exposed to the sample surface to bond with the target antigens. The electrical conductor generates an electromagnetic field that moves the nanoparticle-labeled antibodies toward the antigens to shorten the time to complete their bonding process.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 2012Date of Patent: September 6, 2016Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Allen K. Bates, Nils Haustein, Stephen L. Schwartz, Anna W. Topol, Daniel J. Winarski
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Patent number: 9411022Abstract: According to one embodiment a method of performing a calibration correlation test for a calibration assembly includes sweeping a head module having a magnetic read sensor along a y-axis of the calibration assembly. The calibration assembly has at least one calibration trench having at least one nanoparticle at a known y-axis location in the calibration trench and the magnetic properties are known for the at least one nanoparticle. A read response of the at least one nanoparticles is obtained from the magnetic read sensor and a correlation is determined from the read response. The correlation of the read response is compared to a correlation threshold. The read response correlation is stored in memory in response to determining that the correlation of the read response is greater than the correlation threshold. When the correlation of the read response is not greater than the correlation threshold, a correlation test error is indicated.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 2014Date of Patent: August 9, 2016Assignee: GLOBALFOUNDRIES INC.Inventors: David Berman, Dylan J. Boday, Icko E. T. Iben, Wayne I. Imaino, Stephen L. Schwartz, Anna W. Topol, Daniel J. Winarski
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Publication number: 20160223533Abstract: Described are embodiments of an invention for detecting target antigens in a biological sample using a sample assembly. Detection may be accomplished by performing a method comprising: sweeping a head module over the sample assembly, wherein said head module includes at least one magneto-resistive read sensor configured to detect target antigens via nanoparticles within the sample assembly; and detecting at least one particular antigen among the target antigens. Preferably, detecting the target antigens via the nanoparticles is based at least in part on detecting unique magnetic properties of particular nanoparticles specifically associated with different types of the target antigens. Detection using a magnetic read/write head in the sample assembly facilitates automation of sample detection with high speed and fidelity. Corresponding systems are also disclosed.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 11, 2016Publication date: August 4, 2016Inventors: Dylan J. Boday, Stephen L. Schwartz, Anna W. Topol, Sandra L. Waters, Daniel J. Winarski
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Publication number: 20160178653Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure relate to methods of storing and using biosamples with a cartridge that includes slots for storing biosample capillary tubes. The methods include providing access to a holder inside an enclosure of the cartridge, the enclosure having a same form factor as a data tape cartridge used in an automated tape library. The holder is configured to receive a plurality of capillary tubes in the holder, the capillary tubes including one or more biosamples. Exemplary methods may also include receiving capillary tubes in the cartridge, withdrawing capillary tubes from the cartridge, scanning and/or analyzing the capillary tubes and/or biosamples. Exemplary methods may additionally or alternatively include retrieving the cartridge from a storage slot of the automated tape library, loading the cartridge onto a drive of the automated tape library, and/or receiving and/or exporting a cartridge to/from the automated tape library via a mail slot.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 25, 2016Publication date: June 23, 2016Inventors: Allen K. Bates, Nils Haustein, James W. Johnson, Thorsten Krause, Stephen L. Schwartz, Anna W. Topol, Ulf Troppens, Daniel J. Winarski
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Publication number: 20160116496Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure relate to a biosample cartridge that includes radial slots for storing biosample carriers. The biosample cartridge has the same form factor as data tape cartridges used in automated tape libraries to allow the biosample cartridge to be handled by the same robotic mechanisms that handle the data tape cartridges. One aspect of the disclosure concerns a biosample cartridge that includes a rotatable biosample carrier holder. The biosample carrier holder includes radial slots for receiving biosample carriers which optionally contain biosamples for scanning and analysis by automated tape libraries.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 28, 2015Publication date: April 28, 2016Inventors: Allen K. Bates, Nils Haustein, Stephen L. Schwartz, Anna W. Topol, Daniel J. Winarski