Abstract: Described is a method for identification, isolation and production of hyperimmune serum-reactive antigens from a specific pathogen, a tumor, an allergen or a tissue or host prone to autoimmunity, said antigens being suited for use in a vaccine for a given type of animal or for humans, which is characterized by the following steps:—providing an antibody preparation from a plasma pool of said given type of animal or from a human plasma pool or individual sera with antibodies against said specific pathogren, tumor, allergen or tissue or host prone to auto-immunity,—providing at least one expression library of said specific pathogen, tumor, allergen or tissue or host prone to auto-immunity,—screening said at least one expression library with said antibody preparation, identifying antigens which bind in said screening to antibodies in said antibody preparation, —screening the identified antigens with individual antibody preparations from individual sera from individuals with antibodies against said specific pathog

Abstract: Described is a method for identification, isolation and production of hyperimmune serum-reactive antigens from a specific pathogen, a tumor, an allergen or a tissue or host prone to autoimmunity, said antigens being suited for use in a vaccine for a given type of animal or for humans, which is characterized by the following steps: —providing an antibody preparation from a plasma pool of said given type of animal or from a human plasma pool or individual sera with antibodies against said specific pathogen, tumor, allergen or tissue or host prone to auto-immunity, —providing at least one expression library of said specific pathogen, tumor, allergen or tissue or host prone to auto-immunity, —screening said at least one expression library with said antibody preparation, —identifying antigens which bind in said screening to antibodies in said antibody preparation, —screening the identified antigens with individual antibody preparations from individual sera from individuals with antibodies against said specific pat

Abstract: A stereoguide including first and second guide elements spaced relative to each other through which instruments are passed along an axis of insertion towards a target; characterised by a first clamp having a clamping position on the axis between the guide elements and the target and a second clamp having a clamping position on the axis of insertion and on the opposite side of the guide elements to the first clamp for clamping instruments passing through the guide elements.

Abstract: Described is a method for identification, isolation and production of hyperimmune serum-reactive antigens from a specific pathogen, a tumor, an allergen or a tissue or host prone to autoimmunity, said antigens being suited for use in a vaccine for a given type of animal or for humans, which is characterized by the following steps: —providing an antibody preparation from a plasma pool of said given type of animal or from a human plasma pool or individual sera with antibodies against said specific pathogen, tumor, allergen or tissue or host prone to auto-immunity, —providing at least one expression library of said specific pathogen, tumor, allergen or tissue or host prone to auto-immunity, —screening said at least one expression library with said antibody preparation, —identifying antigens which bind in said screening to antibodies in said antibody preparation, —screening the identified antigens with individual antibody preparations from individual sera from individuals with antibodies against said specific pat

Abstract: The present invention relates to an intervertebral prosthesis. In particular, the present invention relates to an articulating intervertebral disc prosthesis. In use, the intervertebral prosthesis is fixed to the end plates of vertebrae following the surgical excision of a degenerative or ruptured disc. The intervertebral prosthesis has substantially flat bone engaging surfaces with a macro-textured surface.

Abstract: The pump includes a metering pump including a rotor, at least two lengths of tubing against which the rotor is movable to urge the drug therethrough, and an outlet port associated with each of the at least two lengths of tubing. In this way, a drug may be supplied to more than one neurological target.

Abstract: A method for treating essential tremor comprising the step of applying deep brain stimulation to the ascending dentate/interpositus-ventral intermedius fibres of the brain at a location remote from the ventral intermedius nucleus of the thalamus. A method for identifying an area of a patient's brain to be targeted with deep brain stimulation for the treatment of essential tremor comprising the step of using a scan of a patient's brain to identify a target area in relation to the subthalmic nucleus and the red nucleus. A method of treating essential tremor by using deep brain stimulation. A method of treating essential tumor by using a DBS electrode targeted to the dentate/interpositus-ventral intermedius fibres. A kit used in treating essential tremor.

Abstract: That deep brain stimulation can be used in the treatment of movement disorders and for identifying an area of the brain to be targeted by DBS in the treatment of movement disorders.

Abstract: A catheter for use in neurosurgery, and a method of positioning neurosurgical apparatus. The catheter has a fine tube arranged for insertion into the brain parenchyma of a patient with an external diameter of not more than 1.0 mm. The catheter and method may be used in stereotactically targeting treatment of abnormalities of brain function, and parenchyma. This is advantageous when a therapeutic agent would have widespread unwanted effects which could be avoided by confining the delivery to the malfunctioning or damaged brain tissue.

Abstract: A method of treating Parkinson's disease in humans is disclosed, wherein glial cell-line derive neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is chronically administered directly to one or both putamen of a human in need of treatment thereof via convection-enhanced infusion using at least one implantable pump and at least one catheter. In one aspect of the present invention the GDNF is infused directly into one or both putamen through one or more indwelling intraparenchymal mutltiport brain catheters connected to one or moreimplantable pumps wherein the flow rate is pulsed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to apparatus for use in neurosurgery, and to a method of positioning neurosurgical apparatus. The stereoguide comprises first and second guide elements through which instruments are passed along an axis of insertion towards a target and a first clamp (25) having a clamping position on the axis between the guide elements and the target.

Abstract: Described is a method for identification, isolation and production of hyperimmune serum-reactive antigens from a specific pathogen, a tumor, an allergen or a tissue or host prone to autoimmunity, said antigens being suited for use in a vaccine for a given type of animal or for humans, which is characterized by the following steps:—providing an antibody preparation from a plasma pool of said given type of animal or from a human plasma pool or individual sera with antibodies against said specific pathogen, tumor, allergen or tissue or host prone to auto-immunity,—providing at least one expression library of said specific pathogen, tumor, allergen or tissue or host prone to auto-immunity,—screening said at least one expression library with said antibody preparation,—identifying antigens which bind in said screening to antibodies in said antibody preparation,—screening the identified antigens with individual antibody preparations from individual sera from individuals with antibodies against said specific pathogen

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrode (1), in particular a deep brain stimulating (DBS) electrode or a deep brain lesioning electrode. The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing the electrode (1) of the present invention and the use of the electrode. The present invention also relates to a directional electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a neurosurgical guide device for use in neurosurgery. The device is particularly useful in stereotactically targeted surgical treatment of abnormalities of brain function. The neurosurgical guide device comprising a tube for insertion into a brain of a patient to a vicinity of a desired target, wherein the tube has a head attached to one end thereof, and whereby an instrument can be introduced through the opening and passed along the bore from a proximal end to a distal end thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is a low profile self-adhering drill having a feed mechanism having an axis of rotation, which is generally perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the drill motor. The feed mechanism includes a quill housing which houses a quill. A spindle is disposed within the quill for holding the tool. The spindle is in engagement with the quill and rotates about the travel axis of the quill relative to the quill and is moveable along the axis with the quill. A rack on the quill is parallel to the travel axis and engages a feed gear such than when the feed gear is rotated the rack and quill move along the travel axis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a neurosurgical guide device for use in neurosurgery. The device is particularly useful in stereotactically targeted surgical treatment of abnormalities of brain function. The neurosurgical guide device comprising a tube for insertion into a brain of a patient to a vicinity of a desired target, wherein the tube has a head attached to one end thereof and whereby an instrument can be introduced through the opening and passed along the bore from a proximal end to a distal end thereof.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an annular hole cutter particularly useful for cutting railroad rails. Railroad rails are extremely hard and normally require drills or cutters which have carbide inserts. The present invention provides uniquely designed cutter with an improved cutter geometry, flute design and thin wall construction to allow the annular cutter to be used with a lower horsepower drill motor making the drill motor portable resulting in a portable rail cutting system.