Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and compositions for reducing the viscosity of biomass process streams in an ethanol production process. The method comprises adding cellulase enzymes to a biomass feedstock that is fermented to produce ethanol, generating whole stillage and thin stillage streams from the post-fermentation biomass, and adding an additional enzyme or enzyme cocktail that reduces the viscosity of the whole stillage stream, thin stillage stream, concentrated thin stillage stream, and/or the syrup stream generated by evaporating the thin stillage.

Abstract: A closure device for a fluid vessel can comprise a bistable valve arrangement which includes first and second valve rim portions and a valve member engageable with either of the rim portions respectively to define an open position in which fluid can exit the vessel and a closed position in which fluid is substantially prevented from exiting the vessel The valve can be arranged to close automatically when an impulse is exerted against the valve member. This can occur for example when the vessel is knocked over and the fluid therein exerts pressure against the valve member.

Abstract: A closure device (2) for a fluid vessel (1) comprises a bistable valve arrangement which includes first and second valve rim portions (4, 5) and a valve member (3) engageable with either of the rim portions (4, 5) respectively to define an open position in which fluid (9) can exit the vessel (1) and a closed position in which fluid (9) is substantially prevented from exiting the vessel (1). The valve is arranged to close automatically when an impulse is exerted against the valve member (3). This can occur for example when the vessel (1) is knocked over and the fluid (9) therein exerts pressure against the valve member (3).

Abstract: A safety device, comprising: a mounting arrangement operable to receive and support a lower portion of a ladder; and a support assembly upon which the device may rest, the support assembly comprising a plurality of elongate support members, each of which has a pair of ground contacting locations on which the device may rest and is independently pivotable with respect to the mounting arrangement around a point located between the ground contacting locations.

Abstract: A safety device, comprising: a mounting arrangement operable to receive and support a lower portion of a ladder; and a support assembly upon which the device may rest, the support assembly comprising a plurality of elongate support members, each of which has a pair of ground contacting locations on which the device may rest and is independently pivotable with respect to the mounting arrangement around a point located between the ground contacting locations.

Abstract: A closure device (2) for a fluid vessel (1) comprises a bistable valve arrangement which includes first and second valve rim portions (4,5) and a valve member (3) engageable with either of the rim portions (4, 5) respectively to define an open position in which fluid (9) can exit the vessel (1) and a closed position in which fluid (9) is substantially prevented from exiting the vessel (1). The valve is shown in the open position. The valve is arranged to close automatically when an impulse is exerted against the valve member (3). This can occur for example when the vessel (1) is knocked over and the fluid (9) therein exerts pressure against the valve member (3).