Abstract: Synthesis of polyalphaolefins by oligomerization of one or more branched C10 monoolefins with an alkyl aluminum catalyst to form an oligomer product, followed by hydrogenation of a C20+ olefin portion of the oligomer product to form the polyalphaolefins. The alkyl aluminum catalyst is selective to C20 olefin dimers.

Abstract: Synthesis of polyalphaolefins by oligomerization of one or more branched C10 monoolefins with a solid acid catalyst to form an oligomer product, followed by hydrogenation of a C20+ olefin portion of the oligomer product to form the polyalphaolefins. The solid acid catalyst is selective to C20 olefin dimers.

Abstract: A process to produce 1-octene and 1-decene includes (a) separating a composition containing an oligomer product-which contains 15 to 80 mol % C6 olefins, 20 to 80 mol % C8 olefins, and 5 to 20 mol % C10+ olefins-into a first oligomer composition containing C6 alkanes and at least 85 mol % C6 olefins (e.g., 1-hexene), a second oligomer composition containing at least 20 mol % C8 olefins (e.g., 1-octene), and a heavies stream containing C10+ olefins, then (b) contacting a metathesis catalyst system with the first oligomer composition to form a first composition comprising C10 linear internal olefins, (c) contacting the C10 linear internal olefins with a catalytic isomerization catalyst system in the presence of photochemical irradiation to form a second composition comprising 1-decene, and (d) purifying the second composition to isolate a third composition comprising at least 90 mol % 1-decene.

Abstract: A process to produce 1-octene and 1-decene includes (a) separating a composition containing an oligomer product—which contains 15 to 80 mol % C6 olefins, 20 to 80 mol % C8 olefins, and 5 to 20 mol % C10+ olefins—into a first oligomer composition containing C6 alkanes and at least 85 mol % C6 olefins (e.g., 1-hexene), a second oligomer composition containing at least 20 mol % C8 olefins (e.g., 1-octene), and a heavies stream containing C10+ olefins, then (b) contacting a metathesis catalyst system with the first oligomer composition to form a first composition comprising C10 linear internal olefins, (c) contacting the C10 linear internal olefins with a catalytic isomerization catalyst system in the presence of photochemical irradiation to form a second composition comprising 1-decene, and (d) purifying the second composition to isolate a third composition comprising at least 90 mol % 1-decene.

Abstract: Disclosed is a heteroatomic ligand-metal compound complex transition-state model which has been developed for activity, purity, and/or selectivity for selective ethylene oligomerizations, and density functional theory calculations for determining heteroatomic ligand-metal compound complex reactivity, product purity, and/or selectivity for ethylene trimerizations and/or tetramerizations. Using reaction ground states and transition states, and/or reaction ground states and transition states in combination with the energetic span model, this disclosure reveals that a chromium chromacycle mechanism, there are multiple ground states and multiple transition states, which can account for activity, purity, and/or selectivity for selective ethylene oligomerizations.

Abstract: Oligomer products are produced by reacting an alpha olefin and a vinylidene compound in the presence of a solid catalyst, such as a solid oxide or a chemically-treated solid oxide. Metallocene compounds, organoaluminum compounds, and BF3 are not needed to perform the reaction. Oligomer products formed by processes disclosed herein have a trimer:tetramer weight ratio of at least 2:1.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to processes for the oligomerization of alpha olefins with high yield to dimer and trimer oligomer products, where heavier products including tetramers are relatively minimal. These processes utilize catalyst compositions comprising a metallocene containing at least one indenyl ligand, and the indenyl ligand can have at least one halogenated substituent, such as a fluorinated substituent. Such oligomerization processes utilizing the disclosed metallocene-based catalyst systems demonstrate increased olefin conversion without an accompanying shift of the product distribution toward heavier products.

Abstract: Methods for determining ethylene concentration in an ethylene oligomerization reactor using an ultrasonic flow meter are described, and these methods are integrated into ethylene oligomerization processes and related oligomerization reactor systems.

Abstract: Oligomer products are produced by reacting an alpha olefin and a vinylidene compound in the presence of a solid catalyst, such as a solid oxide or a chemically-treated solid oxide. Metallocene compounds, organoaluminum compounds, and BF3 are not needed to perform the reaction. Oligomer products formed by processes disclosed herein have a trimer:tetramer weight ratio of at least 2:1.

Abstract: Processes for producing n-heptane from a mixture of 1-hexene and 1-octene in the presence of a suitable isomerization-metathesis catalyst followed by a hydrogenation step are disclosed. Integrated manufacturing systems for producing n-heptane with minimal waste also are disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the integration of systems and methods associated with steam cracking, oligomerization reactions, hydrogenation reactions, and aromatization reactions for the production of benzene via the hydrogenation of oligomers produced from ethylene. In some aspects, the disclosed systems and methods utilize one or more of an oligomerization process, a hydrotreating process, and an aromatization process for producing a benzene comprising effluent. In further aspects, the systems and methods disclosed herein utilize one or more selective oligomerization catalyst systems.

Abstract: Processes for producing n-heptane from a mixture of 1-hexene and 1-octene in the presence of a suitable isomerization-metathesis catalyst followed by a hydrogenation step are disclosed. Integrated manufacturing systems for producing n-heptane with minimal waste also are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are oligomerization processes in which ethylene and a catalyst system are first combined for a suitable residence time in an activation vessel, prior to introduction into a reaction zone to oligomerize ethylene to form a desired oligomer product, such as 1-hexene and/or 1-octene. Related oligomerization reaction systems that include the activation vessel also are disclosed. In these oligomerization processes and reaction systems, the catalyst system can be fully activated as it leaves the activation vessel and enters the reaction zone, thus providing greater catalyst utilization and less catalyst waste.

Abstract: This disclosure provides new methods for the design and development of ethylene polymerization catalysts, including Group 4 metallocene catalysts such as zirconocenes, which are based on an improved ability to adjust co-monomer incorporation into the polymer. Computational analyses with and without dispersion corrections revealed that designing catalyst scaffolds which induce stabilizing non-covalent dispersion type interactions with incoming ?-olefin co-monomers can be used to modulate co-monomer selectivity into the polyethylene chain. Demonstrated herein is a lack of correlation of computed ??G‡ values against experimental ??G‡ values when the dispersion correction (D3BJ) was disabled, and B3LYP was used in the absence of Grimme's D3 dispersion and Becke-Johnson (BJ) dampening, but a correlation of computed against experimental ??G‡ with B3LYP+D3BJ, which are used to design new catalyst scaffolds.

Abstract: Methods for determining ethylene concentration in an ethylene oligomerization reactor using an ultrasonic flow meter are described, and these methods are integrated into ethylene oligomerization processes and related oligomerization reactor systems.

Abstract: Disclosed is a heteroatomic ligand-metal compound complex transition-state model which has been developed for activity, purity, and/or selectivity for selective ethylene oligomerizations, and density functional theory calculations for determining heteroatomic ligand-metal compound complex reactivity, product purity, and/or selectivity for ethylene trimerizations and/or tetramerizations. Using reaction ground states and transition states, and/or reaction ground states and transition states in combination with the energetic span model, this disclosure reveals that a chromium chromacycle mechanism, there are multiple ground states and multiple transition states, which can account for activity, purity, and/or selectivity for selective ethylene oligomerizations.

Abstract: Methods for determining ethylene concentration in an ethylene oligomerization reactor using an ultrasonic flow meter are described, and these methods are integrated into ethylene oligomerization processes and related oligomerization reactor systems.

Abstract: Processes for producing n-heptane from a mixture of 1-hexene and 1-octene in the presence of a suitable isomerization-metathesis catalyst followed by a hydrogenation step are disclosed. Integrated manufacturing systems for producing n-heptane with minimal waste also are disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a catalyst system comprising i) (a) a bicyclic 2-[(phosphinyl)aminyl] cyclic imine chromium salt or (b) a chromium salt and a bicyclic 2-[(phosphinyl)aminyl] cyclic imine and ii) an organoaluminum compound. The present disclosure also relates to a process comprising: a) contacting i) ethylene; ii) a catalyst system comprising (a) a 2-[(phosphinyl)aminyl] cyclic imine chromium salt complex or (b) a chromium salt and a bicyclic 2-[(phosphinyl)aminyl] cyclic imine; ii) an organoaluminum compound, and iii) optionally an organic reaction medium; and b) forming an oligomer product in a reaction zone.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a catalyst system comprising i) (a) an N2-phosphinyl bicyclic amidine chromium salt or (b) a chromium salt and an N2-phosphinyl bicyclic amidine and ii) an organoaluminum compound. The present disclosure also relate to a process comprising: a) contacting i) ethylene; ii) a catalyst system comprising (a) an N2-phosphinyl bicyclic amidine chromium salt complex or (b) a chromium salt and an N2-phosphinyl bicyclic amidine; ii) an organoaluminum compound, and iii) optionally an organic reaction medium; and b) forming an oligomer product in a reaction zone.