Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a plurality of host materials comprising a first host material comprising a compound represented by formula 1, and a second host material comprising a compound represented by formula 2, and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. By comprising a specific combination of compounds as host materials, it is possible to provide an organic electroluminescent device having higher luminous efficiency, higher power efficiency, and/or better lifetime properties, compared to conventional organic electroluminescent devices.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a plurality of host materials comprising a first host material comprising a compound represented by the following formula 1, and a second host material comprising a compound represented by the following formula 2, and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. By comprising a specific combination of compounds as a host material, it is possible to provide an organic electroluminescent device having higher luminous efficiency and/or improved lifespan characteristics compared to conventional organic electroluminescent devices.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a plurality of host materials comprising a first host material comprising a compound represented by formula 1, and a second host material comprising a compound represented by formula 2, and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. By comprising a specific combination of compounds as host materials, it is possible to provide an organic electroluminescent device having lower driving voltage, higher luminous efficiency, higher power efficiency, and/or superior lifespan characteristics compared to conventional organic electroluminescent devices.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a plurality of host materials comprising a first host material comprising a compound represented by formula 1, and a second host material comprising a compound represented by formula 2, and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. By comprising a specific combination of compounds of the present disclosure as host materials, it is possible to provide an organic electroluminescent device having higher luminous efficiency and/or longer lifetime properties as compared with a conventional organic electroluminescent device.

Abstract: A method for fabricating the three dimensional (3D), non-volatile memory (NVM) device includes: forming a stacked structure including a plurality of interlayer insulating layers and a plurality of first material layers which are alternately stacked; forming at least one channel hole penetrating through the stack structure; forming a second material layer along the at least one channel hole; trimming a surface of the second material layer; oxidizing a whole of the trimmed second material layer to form at least a portion of a charge blocking layer; and forming a charge storage layer and a tunnel insulating layer over the charge blocking layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an organic electroluminescent compound represented by formula 1 and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. By comprising the organic electroluminescent compound according to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide an organic electroluminescent device with a longer lifetime property compared to conventional organic electroluminescent devices.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide a tubular heat exchanger capable of improving heat exchange efficiency and preventing deformation and damage thereof even in a high water-pressure environment. To this end, the present invention includes an outer jacket through which a heat medium is introduced and discharged; a combustion chamber coupled to the inside of the outer jacket so that a heat medium passage is formed between the combustion chamber and the outer jacket, and configured to perform combustion of a burner; a plurality of tubes formed in a flat shape for allowing combustion gas, which is generated in the combustion chamber, to flow along the inside of the combustion chamber and exchange heat with the heat medium; and a turbulator coupled to the inside of the tubes so as to induce generation of turbulence in a flow of the combustion gas.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a composition material for an organic electroluminescent device, a plurality of host materials, and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. By comprising the composition material for an organic electroluminescent device comprising a specific combination of compounds, an organic electroluminescent device having high luminous efficiency and/or long lifespan characteristics can be produced.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a plurality of host materials comprising a first host material comprising a compound represented by formula 1, and a second host material comprising a compound represented by formula 2, and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. By comprising a specific combination of compounds as a host material, it is possible to provide an organic electroluminescent device having an improved lifespan property, compared to conventional organic electroluminescent devices.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a composition material for an organic electroluminescent device, a plurality of host materials, and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. By comprising the composition material for an organic electroluminescent device of the present disclosure, it is possible to provide an organic electroluminescent device having high luminous efficiency and/or long lifespan characteristics.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a plurality of host materials comprising a first host material having a compound represented by formula 1, and a second host material having a compound represented by formula 2, and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. By comprising a specific combination of compounds of the present disclosure as host materials, it is possible to provide an organic electroluminescent device having long lifetime properties while having an equivalent or improved level of power efficiency compared to conventional organic electroluminescent devices.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a plurality of host materials and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. By comprising the host materials according to the present disclosure, an organic electroluminescent device having a high power efficiency and/or long lifespan can be provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an organic electroluminescent compound and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. By comprising the organic electroluminescent compound, an organic electroluminescent device having a low driving voltage and/or a high luminous efficiency and/or a long lifespan can be provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an organic electroluminescent compound, and an organic electroluminescent material and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. The organic electroluminescent compound of the present disclosure has excellent color purity, solubility, and thermal stability. By comprising the organic electroluminescent compound and the organic electroluminescent material of the present disclosure, an organic electroluminescent device showing low driving voltage, excellent current and power efficiencies, and significantly improved lifespan can be provided.

Abstract: A method for fabricating the three dimensional (3D), non-volatile memory (NVM) device includes: forming a stacked structure including a plurality of interlayer insulating layers and a plurality of first material layers which are alternately stacked; forming at least one channel hole penetrating through the stack structure; forming a second material layer along the at least one channel hole; trimming a surface of the second material layer; oxidizing a whole of the trimmed second material layer to form at least a portion of a charge blocking layer; and forming a charge storage layer and a tunnel insulating layer over the charge blocking layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a plurality of host materials and organic electroluminescent devices comprising the same. The present disclosure may provide a plurality of host materials having a composition favorable to thermal denaturation due to a low deposition temperature, while improving hole properties and electronic properties of HOMO and LUMO, by comprising separate compounds represented by formulas 1 and 2 into a light-emitting layer. By comprising the plurality of host materials of the present disclosure, it is possible to provide an organic electroluminescent device having a lower driving voltage, higher luminous efficiency and/or longer lifetime.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an organic electroluminescent compound and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. The organic electroluminescent device having a low driving voltage and/or a high luminous efficiency and/or a long lifespan can be provided, by comprising an organic electroluminescent compound according to the present disclosure.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an organic electroluminescent compound, and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. By comprising the organic electroluminescent compound of the present disclosure, an organic electroluminescent device having improved driving voltage, luminous efficiency, lifespan characteristic, and/or power efficiency can be provided.

Abstract: Device and method for controlling fuel cell stack connection. The device includes fuel cell stacks and a power conditioning unit connected to the stacks, and further includes: a memory storing a first critical value by which the connection control device starts an operation, second critical values ranging from zero to the first critical value, and a boundary value for placing the second critical values in at least two subsidiary ranges; stack voltage sensing units for sensing voltages of the stacks; and a control unit for determining whether sensed voltages have been reduced to the first critical value or greater, and starting to control the operation of a switching unit when any one of the sensed voltages has been reduced to the first critical value or greater, thereby placing one or more stacks having voltages associated with each one of the at least two subsidiary ranges in one of individual groups.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to novel organic electroluminescent compounds and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the same. By using the organic electroluminescent compound of the present disclosure, the organic electroluminescent device may improve driving lifespan while maintaining equal or greater efficiency compared to conventional devices.