Abstract: An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes a first emission portion and an optical member. The first emission portion emits light of a first color, and includes a first intermediate layer, a first electrode that is disposed on one surface of the first intermediate layer and transmits light emitted from the first intermediate layer, and a second electrode that is disposed on another surface of the first intermediate layer facing the one surface of the first intermediate layer and transmits the light emitted from the first intermediate layer. The optical member is disposed on one surface of the first emission portion and selectively reflects light of particular colors including at least the first color light.

Abstract: A method of forming a micropattern structure includes: coating a structure including a plurality of guide blocks extending in a first direction on a substrate and disposed to be spaced apart from each other in a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction, with a sacrificial material; ashing a portion of the sacrificial material to expose upper portions of the plurality of guide blocks; coating the structure with a first material having a polarity that is contrary to a polarity of a filling material filling the structure; heat-treating the structure to chemically bond the first material to the upper portions of the plurality of guide blocks; removing the sacrificial material and excess first material to form a first material cap chemically bonded to the upper portions of the plurality of guide blocks; and filling the structure with the filling material.

Abstract: A block copolymer includes: a first block, and a second block copolymerized with the first block. The second block includes a silyl group including a ring-type functional group.

Abstract: An approach is provided for manufacturing a nanostructure. A first thin film including a first block copolymer is formed on a substrate. A guide pattern is formed on the first thin film. A second thin film including a second block copolymer is formed between portions of the guide pattern. The second thin film is cured. The first block copolymer is a cylinder-type and the second block copolymer is a lamella-type.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display includes: forming an etch target layer including a conductive material on a first substrate; forming a first mask layer on the etch target layer; forming a block copolymer coating layer including a plurality of polymers on the first mask layer; processing the block copolymer coating layer to form a block copolymer pattern layer including first and second polymer blocks; removing one of the first or second polymer blocks to form a second mask pattern layer; etching the first mask layer by using the second mask pattern layer as an etching mask to form a first mask pattern layer; and etching the etch target layer by using the first mask pattern layer as an etching mask to form a first electrode. The first electrode includes a plurality of the first minute patterns extending in a predetermined direction and having a polarization function.

Abstract: A polarizer includes a substrate, and a first metal layer and a second metal layer disposed on the substrate. The first metal layer includes a plurality of protrusions of a wire grid pattern. Each protrusion has a first width and adjacent protrusions are spaced apart by a second width. The second metal layer is disposed on each of the protrusions of the first metal layer, and includes molybdenum (Mo) and/or titanium (Ti).

Abstract: An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes a first emission portion and an optical member. The first emission portion emits light of a first color, and includes a first intermediate layer, a first electrode that is disposed on one surface of the first intermediate layer and transmits light emitted from the first intermediate layer, and a second electrode that is disposed on another surface of the first intermediate layer facing the one surface of the first intermediate layer and transmits the light emitted from the first intermediate layer. The optical member is disposed on one surface of the first emission portion and selectively reflects light of particular colors including at least the first color light.

Abstract: A method of forming a micropattern structure includes: coating a structure including a plurality of guide blocks extending in a first direction on a substrate and disposed to be spaced apart from each other in a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction, with a sacrificial material; ashing a portion of the sacrificial material to expose upper portions of the plurality of guide blocks; coating the structure with a first material having a polarity that is contrary to a polarity of a filling material filling the structure; heat-treating the structure to chemically bond the first material to the upper portions of the plurality of guide blocks; removing the sacrificial material and excess first material to form a first material cap chemically bonded to the upper portions of the plurality of guide blocks; and filling the structure with the filling material.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display includes: forming an etch target layer including a conductive material on a first substrate; forming a first mask layer on the etch target layer; forming a block copolymer coating layer including a plurality of polymers on the first mask layer; processing the block copolymer coating layer to form a block copolymer pattern layer including first and second polymer blocks; removing one of the first or second polymer blocks to form a second mask pattern layer; etching the first mask layer by using the second mask pattern layer as an etching mask to form a first mask pattern layer; and etching the etch target layer by using the first mask pattern layer as an etching mask to form a first electrode. The first electrode includes a plurality of the first minute patterns extending in a predetermined direction and having a polarization function.

Abstract: A display substrate is provided. The display substrate includes a switching element disposed on a base substrate, wherein the switching element comprises a gate electrode, an active pattern, a source electrode, and a drain electrode. The display substrate also includes a first electrode disposed on a same layer as the gate electrode, wherein the first electrode includes a wire grid pattern; and a second electrode overlapping the first electrode.

Abstract: A method of forming patterns includes forming a layer composed of a ketene based random copolymer on a substrate, forming a block copolymer on the ketene based random copolymer layer and patterning the ketene based random copolymer layer by removing a part of the block copolymer and a portion of the ketene based random copolymer layer.

Abstract: A block copolymer is provided. The block copolymer according to an exemplary embodiment includes a first block represented by Chemical Formula 1 and a second block represented by Chemical Formula 2: wherein COM1 and COM2 are independently selected from a polystyrene moiety, polymethylmethacrylate moiety, polyethylene oxide moiety, polyvinylpyridine moiety, polydimethylsiloxane moiety, polyferrocenyldimethylsilane moiety, and polyisoprene moiety, R1 is hydrogen or an alkyl group with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, Ph is a phenyl group, a is 1 to 50, R2 is hydrogen or an alkyl group with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and b is 1 to 50.

Abstract: A random copolymer having a structure represented by the following Formula 1: wherein R is phosphonic acid, Me is a methyl group, x is a number of styrene units, and y is a number of methyl methacrylate units.

Abstract: A touch panel includes first and second normally spaced apart substrates. The first substrate includes first spaced apart touch electrodes extended in a first direction and each having a first width (W1). The second substrate includes second spaced apart touch electrodes extended in a different second direction and each having a second width (W2) which is substantially narrower than the first width. One of the substrates can be flexed so that momentary shorting contact is established between corresponding first and second touch electrodes at positions where pressing touch is provided. A combination of interconnect wirings and interrogation circuits are provided for automatically determining where and when the temporary shorting contacts were made, even if plural ones are simultaneously made. The disclosed embodiments include ones where the number of interconnect wirings are reduced.

Abstract: A polarizer includes a substrate, and a first metal layer and a second metal layer disposed on the substrate. The first metal layer includes a plurality of protrusions of a wire grid pattern. Each protrusion has a first width and adjacent protrusions are spaced apart by a second width. The second metal layer is disposed on each of the protrusions of the first metal layer, and includes molybdenum (Mo) and/or titanium (Ti).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bookmark setting method of an e-book, an apparatus thereof, and a medium storing program source thereof. The bookmark setting method includes: recognizing a user's operation performed on a touch screen while displaying the e-book; determining whether the recognized user's operation is an operation of folding a currently displayed subject page; and when the recognized user's operation is an operation of folding the subject page, setting the bookmark on the subject page according to predetermined criteria which in turn provides a realistic bookmarking experience as in the paper book.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode (OLED) display device and a method of fabricating the OLED display device, the OLED display device includes a substrate including an emission region and a non-emission region, a black matrix disposed in a region excluding a part of the emission region, a buffer layer disposed on the entire surface of the substrate, a semiconductor layer disposed on the buffer layer in the non-emission region, a gate electrode disposed on the semiconductor layer, a gate insulating layer insulating the semiconductor layer from the gate electrode and formed on the entire surface of the substrate, a first electrode formed on the gate insulating layer in the emission region, source and drain electrodes electrically connected with the semiconductor layer and the first electrode, an interlayer insulating layer insulating the source and drain electrodes from the gate electrode and opening a part of the first electrode, a pixel defining layer opening a part of the first electrode and disposed on the ent

Abstract: According to an example embodiment of the present invention, a photoresist pattern is formed on a base substrate including a neutral layer. A sacrifice structure including a first sacrifice block and a second sacrifice block is formed on the base substrate having the photoresist pattern, and the sacrifice structure is formed from a first thin film including a first block copolymer. Thus, a chemical pattern is formed to form a nano-structure. Therefore, the nano-structure may be easily formed on a substrate having a large size by using a block copolymer, and productivity and manufacturing reliability may be improved.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display includes: forming an etch target layer including a conductive material on a first substrate; forming a first mask layer on the etch target layer; forming a block copolymer coating layer including a plurality of polymers on the first mask layer; processing the block copolymer coating layer to form a block copolymer pattern layer including first and second polymer blocks; removing one of the first or second polymer blocks to form a second mask pattern layer; etching the first mask layer by using the second mask pattern layer as an etching mask to form a first mask pattern layer; and etching the etch target layer by using the first mask pattern layer as an etching mask to form a first electrode. The first electrode includes a plurality of the first minute patterns extending in a predetermined direction and having a polarization function.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode (OLED) display device and a method of fabricating the same.