Abstract: Provided are an access point arrangement device and a method for wireless location determination. An access point is arranged on a numerical map, received signal strength of a signal received from the access point for each grid point is calculated, and DOP and position error per grid point are calculated by using the received signal strength per grid point. It is determined whether to rearrange the currently arranged access point based on a ratio of a grid point with DOP less than a threshold value for entire grid points on the numerical map and a ratio of a grid point with a position error that is less than a threshold value.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining a position of a terminal calculates distances between a terminal and a plurality of base stations by using time information acquired by a reference station among the plurality of base stations through unidirectional communication between the terminal and the base stations and between the base stations, and determines a position of the terminal by using the calculated distances.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a terminal and a terminal location providing method. The terminal for selectively accessing a plurality of base stations supporting different communication systems includes a first network interface card that is turned on when the terminal is turned on, a second network interface card that is turned on or activated when receiving the terminal's location information request, a power controller for controlling power of the first and second network interface cards, and a processor for receiving the terminal's location information request and controlling the power of the first and second network interface cards through the power controller.

Abstract: Provided is a method of preventing a data collision that occurs when two or more child nodes simultaneously transmit data to a parent node in a ZigBee network having a tree routing scheme and operating in a beacon mode. In the ZigBee system having the tree routing scheme and operating in the beacon mode, data communication to the parent node is performed in a beacon frame of the parent node. Here, when several child nodes exist under a single parent node, the child nodes transmit data to the parent node at the moment of receiving the beacon of the parent node, so that the data collision may occur when the child nodes simultaneously transmit the data to the parent node in the beacon frame of the parent node. In the method of preventing a data collision, each of the two or more child nodes is set to wait for its guard time (delay time) when transmitting data to the parent node to induce a normal slotted carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA-CA) operation.

Abstract: Provided is a fingerprint database generating method and device for wireless location. Signal strength is estimated by using access points on a numerical map, position coordinates of grid points, and a radio wave attenuation model so as to generate a fingerprint database. A simulation error is computed based on actual survey data measured in the real space, and the estimated signal strength is corrected by using the computed simulation error to thus generate a fingerprint database.

Abstract: A node for self localization, a clustering method using the same, and a localization method are provided. The node, which is located in a specific space so as to constitute a sensor network, includes a location information messaging unit which receives one or more location information messages including information on spatial locations of one or more neighboring nodes in the sensor network from the neighboring nodes in the sensor network; a distance calculator which calculates a first distance to the neighboring node on the basis of the location information included in the received location information messages and calculates a second distance to one or more neighboring nodes on the basis of the received time or intensity of the message on the location information; and a clustering unit which forms clusters of the node and a plurality of neighboring nodes in which the difference between the first and second distances is less than a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A sensor node of a wireless sensor network includes a first sensor node module for generating and processing, when it is activated, a first sensing signal to detect occurrence of an event based on the first sensing signal; and a second sensor node module for generating and processing a second sensing signal, when it is activated, to monitor state transition of the event based on the second sensing signal. Further, when the occurrence of the event is detected, the first sensor node module is inactivated and the second sensor node module is activated.

Abstract: Provided is a method for determining superframe to efficiently perform beacon scheduling by allocating superframe lengths which are different according to a routing depth of sensor nodes in a ZigBee based wireless sensor network. The method for determining a superframe for beacon scheduling, includes the steps of: receiving a beacon from a neighboring node and grasping information on a superframe used by the neighboring nodes; and determining a transmission time and a length of own superframe based on superframe information of the grasped neighboring node.

Abstract: Antiviral compositions including Lycoris squamigera extracts are described as useful for preventing or treating diseases caused by influenza virus infection of humans and other mammalian and avian subjects (e.g., pigs, horses, birds, and the like). Lycoris squamigera extracts in such use exhibit low toxicity in normal cell environments, and excellent antiviral effects. Compositions and anti-viral agents for influenza virus that include Lycoris squamigera extracts are effectively used in foods and pharmaceutical products for preventing and treating influenza virus diseases.

Abstract: A regional positioning method and apparatus in a wireless sensor network (WSN) is provided. The regional positioning method in a WSN, the regional positioning method including: setting a locating premise in the WSN based on a signal strength of an anchor node; sensing an event where a sensor node, installed in a target and called a target node, joins the WSN; detecting a locating premise where the target node is located based on the sensing of the event; and recognizing a location of the target based on the detected locating premise.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an epitope of HN protein in Newcastle disease virus which can be recognized by an avian immune system and an antibody against the epitope, a method for detecting a Newcastle disease virus by using the antibody, and an antigenic variant of Newcastle disease virus carrying changes in the epitope. The epitope of HN protein and the antigenic variant of Newcastle disease virus can be used for developing efficient vaccines, and further, in diagnosing the Newcastle disease virus rapidly and exactly.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and system for connecting lower nodes to one another to increase scalability in a ZigBee network. The method includes approving a participation request to excess lower nodes requesting participation in higher nodes where network addresses set with respect to the higher nodes are allocated to all of the lower nodes; when a transmission message is received from the excess lower nodes, analyzing the received transmission message and determining a node for transmitting the transmission message; and transmitting the transmitted transmission message to the determined node.

Abstract: Antiviral compositions including Alnus japonica extracts are described as useful for preventing or treating diseases caused by influenza virus infection of humans and other mammalian and avian subjects (e.g., pigs, horses, birds, and the like). Alnus japonica extracts in such use exhibit low toxicity in normal cell environments, and excellent antiviral effects. Compositions and anti-viral agents for influenza virus that include Alnus japonica extracts are effectively used in foods and pharmaceutical products for preventing and treating influenza virus diseases.

Abstract: A method and system of preventing a loss/theft using a wireless personal area network (PAN) or a wireless local area network (LAN) which can receive, from a mobile device included in a surveillance target via a gateway, a location information of the surveillance target generated by using mobile device information for the surveillance target, the mobile: device information being collected by a; sensor of the mobile device, and signal information communicated between the mobile device and a fixed device, can determine whether there is a loss or a theft by comparing surveillance target information and a permission standard, and can provide alert information including the location information of the surveillance target when there is the loss or the theft is provided.

Abstract: There is provided to a method for avoiding indirect collision of beacon, including: collecting beacon information of neighboring nodes and allocating a time slot based on the collected beacon information; transmitting information on the allocated time slot to the neighboring nodes depending on time slots of the neighboring nodes; and checking whether the time slot overlaps based on a reply message from the neighboring nodes and reallocating a time slot upon occurrence of overlapping.

Abstract: Provided are a device of a node and method for beacon scheduling in an ad-hoc network and a data transmitting method thereof, which reduce power consumptions of nodes in an ad-hoc network when data communications between the nodes occur frequently. A beacon transmitting node checks its residual power. If the residual power is lower than a predetermined level, the beacon transmitting node notifies a plan to change its beacon cycle to other nodes. Thereafter, the beacon transmitting node increases the beacon cycle and transmits a beacon at the increased beacon cycles. Consequently, the beacon transmitting node can change its beacon cycle dynamically according to its power condition. Thus, the life span of the node can be increased. Therefore, it is possible to reduce an overhead of reconstructing a sensor network.

Abstract: Provided are a beacon scheduling system and method for preventing beacon overlapping in a ZigBee network including routers each with a beacon slot number according to a specific time slot. The system includes: a first router periodically transmitting beacons at a beacon interval according to a specific time slot; and a second router finding the beacon interval by scanning the beacons transmitted by the first router and transmitting beacons within the beacon interval in consideration of a superframe period for transmitting data. When a router in a sensor network operates, the router can efficiently select the beacon transmission time, and a sink node manages beacon overlapping between all the routers. Therefore, stable, low-energy consumption, and excellent performance sensor networking environments can be established in a beacon mode.

Abstract: Provided is method of forming a cluster individually by each sensor node over a sensor network, in which each sensor node has cluster information and authority to assign cluster membership and recognizes a sensor node that is not a cluster member in a radius of the cluster in order to include the recognized sensor node in the cluster as a cluster member. The sensor node that becomes a member of the cluster wirelessly receives an application of the cluster in order to be upgraded. Thus, after initial sensor node setting, a cluster can be formed automatically and a program suitable for each cluster can be upgraded without human intervention.

Abstract: Provided a method and device for efficiently retransmitting packets of which transmissions failed in wired/wireless network including detecting continuity by detecting whether or not a sequence ID of a received packet is continuous with a start sequence ID or an end sequence ID of packets included in reception blocks which are generated in advance of the received packet; depending on the result of the detection, manipulating reception blocks to renew or delete the reception blocks or generate a new reception block by using the sequence ID of the received packet; and transmitting an EBN (Explicit Block NACK) for requesting retransmission of lost packets in units of a block when discontinuity is detected.

Abstract: Provided is a method of managing addresses of incommunicable nodes in a ZigBee network, and more particularly, a method of managing address values of a plurality of nodes that form a ZigBee network by efficiently withdrawing address values from nodes which are incommunicable for reasons of abnormality. An address management process can be performed using two methods. According to a first method, a parent node withdraws address values of child nodes that do not transmit a hello message for a predetermined period of time. According to a second method, a parent node transmits a periodic or non-periodic request message to child nodes, and the child nodes, which receive the request message, immediately transmit a hello message to the parent node. Then, the parent node withdraws address values of child nodes that do not respond to the request message sent by the parent node more than a predetermined number of times.