Abstract: An apparatus and method for multiplexing signals using layered division multiplexing are disclosed. A signal multiplexing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combiner configured to combine a core layer signal and an enhanced layer signal at different power levels, and a time interleaver configured to perform interleaving applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal.

Abstract: A bit interleaver, a bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) device and a bit interleaving method are disclosed herein. The bit interleaver includes a first memory, a processor, and a second memory. The first memory stores a low-density parity check (LDPC) codeword having a length of 64800 and a code rate of 7/15. The processor generates an interleaved codeword by interleaving the LDPC codeword on a bit group basis. The size of the bit group corresponds to a parallel factor of the LDPC codeword. The second memory provides the interleaved codeword to a modulator for quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation.

Abstract: A display device includes: a substrate including a first emission area, a second emission area, and a third emission area; a first wavelength conversion pattern overlapping the first emission area; a second wavelength conversion pattern overlapping the second emission area; and a light-transmitting pattern overlapping the third emission area, wherein the first wavelength conversion pattern includes first wavelength shifters configured to convert a first light into a second light, and first scatterers, the second wavelength conversion pattern includes second wavelength shifters configured to convert the first light into a third light, and second scatterers, and a ratio between a concentration of the first wavelength shifters and a concentration of the second wavelength shifters is 1:1.1 to 1:1.3.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a display device according to an embodiment includes forming a bank separating a first opening, a second opening, and a third opening on a first substrate, forming a scatterer layer in the first opening, the second opening, and the third opening, forming a first ink layer in the first opening, forming a second ink layer in the second opening, and forming a third ink layer in the third opening.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for predicting prognosis of cancer and a composition thereof. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a composition and a method for predicting prognosis of breast cancer and predicting the treatment effect of chemotherapy. The present disclosure provides gene expression information useful for predicting whether a cancer patient is more likely to respond favorably to treatment in chemotherapy.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal composition including at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a liquid crystal compound expressed by Formula 1-1 and a liquid crystal compound expressed by Formula 1-2; at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a self-alignment compound expressed by Formula 2-1 and a self-alignment compound expressed by Formula 2-2; and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a reactive mesogen expressed by Formula 3-1, a reactive mesogen expressed by Formula 3-2, a reactive mesogen expressed by Formula 3-3, a reactive mesogen expressed by Formula 3-4, and a reactive mesogen expressed by Formula 3-5. The liquid crystal composition also has negative dielectric anisotropy.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition includes: at least one liquid crystal compound selected from the group consisting of Chemical Formulas 1-1 to 1-8; at least one self-aligned compound selected from the group consisting of Chemical Formulas 2-1 and 2-2; and at least one reactive mesogen selected from the group consisting of Chemical Formulas 3-1 to 3-5. Compositions and devices constructed therewith are capable of ameliorating liquid crystal drip spots that typically occur in a manufacturing process. In addition, the display devices using the composition do not require an additional alignment layer, which simplifies manufacturing.

Abstract: A display device including a liquid crystal panel assembly including a plurality of pixels, a data driver applying a data voltage to a plurality of data lines which is connected to the plurality of pixels, and a common voltage generator providing a common voltage to the liquid crystal panel assembly, in which the common voltage is an optimal common voltage for a maximum grayscale at which a flicker is minimized while a data voltage with a maximum grayscale is applied to the plurality of pixels.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display including a first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal composition. The liquid crystal composition includes at least one of liquid crystal compounds including a cyclopentadienyl group.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprises: a first substrate; an organic layer disposed on the first substrate; a pixel electrode disposed on the organic layer; a plurality of slits defined in the pixel electrode and configured to exposed a surface of the organic layer; a liquid crystal alignment film disposed on a surface of the pixel electrode and on the surface of the organic layer exposed by the plurality of slits; and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules disposed on the liquid crystal alignment film, wherein the liquid crystal alignment film includes a first region overlapping the plurality of slits and a second region overlapping the pixel electrode, wherein the second region has a surface energy different from a surface energy of the first region.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal composition including at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a liquid crystal compound expressed by Formula 1-1 and a liquid crystal compound expressed by Formula 1-2; at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a self-alignment compound expressed by Formula 2-1 and a self-alignment compound expressed by Formula 2-2; and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a reactive mesogen expressed by Formula 3-1, a reactive mesogen expressed by Formula 3-2, a reactive mesogen expressed by Formula 3-3, a reactive mesogen expressed by Formula 3-4, and a reactive mesogen expressed by Formula 3-5. The liquid crystal composition also has negative dielectric anisotropy.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition includes: at least one liquid crystal compound selected from the group consisting of Chemical Formulas 1-1 to 1-8; at least one self-aligned compound selected from the group consisting of Chemical Formulas 2-1 and 2-2; and at least one reactive mesogen selected from the group consisting of Chemical Formulas 3-1 to 3-5. Compositions and devices constructed therewith are capable of ameliorating liquid crystal drip spots that typically occur in a manufacturing process. In addition, the display devices using the composition do not require an additional alignment layer, which simplifies manufacturing.

Abstract: A display device including a liquid crystal panel assembly including a plurality of pixels, a data driver applying a data voltage to a plurality of data lines which is connected to the plurality of pixels, and a common voltage generator providing a common voltage to the liquid crystal panel assembly, in which the common voltage is an optimal common voltage for a maximum grayscale at which a flicker is minimized while a data voltage with a maximum grayscale is applied to the plurality of pixels.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition includes a compound having a structure represented by formula A-1: wherein RA1 is an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a cyano group, a halogen atom, or a hydrogen atom, RA2 is an alkyl group, a cyano group, a halogen atom, or a hydrogen atom, ZA is *—O—*, *—COO—*, *—OCO—*, *—CF2O—*, *—OCF2—*, *—CH2O—*, *—OCH2—*, *—SCH2—*, *—CH2S—*, *—C2F4—*, *—CH2CF2—*, *—CF2CH2—*, *—(CH2)k—*, *—CH?CH—*, *—CF?CF—*, *—CH?CF—*, *—CF?CH—*, *—C?C—*, *—CH?CHCH2O—*, or a single bond, X is a halogen atom, each of l1 and l2 is independently an integer of 0 to 2, and when l1 is 2 and ZA in a repeating unit defined by l1 are the same or different, wherein k is an integer of 1 to 5 and “*” indicates a point of attachment.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition includes one or more compounds represented by Chemical Formula 1. In Chemical Formula 1, are a cyclohexane or tetrahydropyran, and R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen, a C1 to C8 alkyl group, a C2 to C8 alkenyl group, or a C1 to C8 alkoxy group.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display including a first substrate, a second substrate overlapping with the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal compound represented by Formula 1 and a liquid crystal stabilizing agent: wherein A, B, n1, n2, R, R?, Z1, and Z2 are the same as described in the specification.

Abstract: A display device including: a liquid crystal panel assembly including pixels; a data driver applying a data voltage to lines which is connected to the pixels; and a common voltage generator providing voltage to the liquid crystal panel assembly, in which the voltage is an optimal voltage for a maximum grayscale at which a flicker is minimized while a maximum grayscale is applied to the pixels, the data driver applies the data voltage with the minimum grayscale to the data lines so that a negative data voltage with a minimum grayscale is higher than the common voltage by a first voltage level or more, and each of the pixels includes a first subpixel and a second subpixel, and when the data voltage is applied to the pixel, a pixel voltage of the first subpixel and a pixel voltage of the second subpixel are different.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first base substrate, a second base substrate facing the first base substrate, and an electrode unit disposed on at least one of the first base substrate and the second base substrate. A liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first base substrate and the second base substrate and includes a liquid crystal composition. The liquid crystal composition includes at least one of a liquid crystal compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, at least one of a liquid crystal compound represented by Chemical Formula 2-A, and at least one of a liquid crystal compound represented by Chemical Formula 2-B.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition includes a compound having a structure represented by formula A-1: wherein RA1 is an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a cyano group, a halogen atom, or a hydrogen atom, RA2 is an alkyl group, a cyano group, a halogen atom, or a hydrogen atom, ZA is *—O—*, *—COO—*, *—OCO—*, *—CF2O—*, *—OCF2—*, *—CH2O—*, *—OCH2—*, *—SCH2—*, *—CH2S—*, *—C2F4—*, *—CH2CF2—*, *—CF2CH2—*, *—(CH2)k—*, *—CH?CH—*, *—CF?CF—*, *—CH?CF—*, *—CF?CH—*, *—C?C—*, *—CH?CHCH2O—*, or a single bond, X is a halogen atom, each of l1 and l2 is independently an integer of 0 to 2, and when l1 is 2 and ZA in a repeating unit defined by l1 are the same or different, wherein k is an integer of 1 to 5 and “*” indicates a point of attachment.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display including a first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal composition. The liquid crystal composition includes at least one of liquid crystal compounds including a cyclopentadienyl group.