Abstract: A write-once optical recording medium, and a method and apparatus for recording management information on the recording medium are provided. The method includes recording, in a temporary defect management area (TDMA), management information produced while the recording medium is in use, and transferring and recording the latest management information of the TDMA in a final defect management area (DMA) of the recording medium at a DMA fill-in stage of the recording medium.

Abstract: A recording medium of writable once type, and a method and apparatus for managing a defective area on the recording medium are provided. The method includes detecting an existence of a defective area within a data area of the recording medium once data are written onto the data area in a data writing operation, writing data written in the defective area onto another area of the data user if the defective area is detected, and writing, onto at least one defect management area on the recording medium, defect management information associated with the defective area.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a shadow mask comprising an effective surface including electron beam passage holes all over, an ineffective surface having a certain width surrounding the circumference of the effective surface, a skirt portion curved formed on the circumference of the ineffective surface, and concave-compressed beads formed on the ineffective surface along the skirt portion in order to improve the stiffness of the effective surface. The present invention can prevent distortions of a screen by forming the beads on the ineffective surface which is capable of improving stiffness of the shadow mask by increasing a lot value of the section modulus performing a function resisting the relative vibration occurred between the effective surface and skirt portion.

Abstract: A method for managing a defective area of a write-once optical recording medium, and an optical recording medium using the same, are provided. The method includes steps of firstly writing replacement data in a predetermined area, the replacement data corresponding to a defective area detected during a data reproduction operation; secondly writing locator information in the predetermined area, the locator information indicating respective positions of the defective area and the corresponding replacement data; and thirdly writing a supplementary access pointer in a lead-in area, the access pointer for accessing the locator information written in the predetermined area. The predetermined area, which may be located inside or outside the data area, stores supplementary defect list information enabling data read operations when defective areas are newly detected by a host after recording data on a write-once type disc such as a BD-WO disc.

Abstract: A recording medium of writable once type, and a method and apparatus for managing a defective area on the recording medium are provided. The method includes detecting an existence of a defective area within a data area of the recording medium once data are written onto the data area in a data writing operation; writing data written in the defective area onto a spare area of the data area if the defective area is detected; writing temporary management information pertaining to the defective area, onto a temporary management area on the recording medium; and writing access information for accessing the temporary management information, onto a reserved area on the recording medium.

Abstract: A defective area on a write-once type optical recording medium, e.g., such as a BD-WO, is effectively managed with a method that can efficiently replace and/or record data that has been recorded in a defective area of the disc, e.g., in a spare area of a data area of the BD-WO. During the reproduction of data, the data that has been recorded and replaced can be read out and reproduced from an area other than a spare area. New TDFL information may be recorded cumulatively with the previous TDFL information as defect management information for the defective area, or repeatedly recorded at least twice in a certain recording region, e.g., a recording region chosen from a lead-in area, the data area, and a lead-out area, so that the temporary defect list information can be accurately and reliably secured.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a frame for a color CRT having a square framework includes a plurality of beads for strengthening stiffness of the frame formed on the framework including corner portions in order to prevent distortion of the shadow mask. The beads formed on the corner portions are stepped beads having at least two steps. The present invention is capable of strengthening the stiffness of the frames, and increasing an impact character and a vibration character by improving shapes of the beads on the corner portions where stress is concentrated.

Abstract: Damper wire for a shadow mask in a flat Braun tube including a shadow mask, a support for supporting the shadow mask under a tension, a damper wire fitted to the support in contact with a surface of the shadow mask, wherein, the damper wire satisfies a condition expressed in an equation, T<&pgr;&rgr;L2F2n-s/m, where T denotes a tension of damper wire, &rgr; denotes mass per unit length, L denotes a total length, and fn-s/m denotes a first natural frequency of the shadow mask, thereby preventing breakage of the damper wire, but still enhancing an attenuation efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a damper wire of a tension type shadow mask in a cathode ray tube. The color cathode ray tube having a panel on which a frame is installed, a shadow mask fixed on the frame with a predetermined curvature and a plurality of damper wires mounted on the shadow mask, each of the damper wires fixed by means of a damper spring, which comprising the end portion of damper wire fixed in said damper spring positioning on or above an extension line of said predetermined curvature that is contacted with the end of said shadow mask.

Abstract: Method for formatting, and managing a defective area of, a rewritable optical recording medium when a secondary defect list (SDL) is converted into a primary defect list (PDL) without certification by converting only sector numbers of first sectors of the defective blocks listed on the SDL into the PDL. If the defective sector thus listed of the PDL is encountered during writing/reading thereafter, a block (=16 sectors) containing the defective sector is subjected to slipping replacement.

Abstract: Frame in a cathode ray tube, and more particularly, to a frame of a tension mask type assembly for supporting a shadow mask to apply tension thereto in a cathode ray tube.

Abstract: A frame structure which can reduce the howling phenomena generated by the vibration of computer monitors or television sets. The frame structure is mounted within a cathode-ray tube and has a hollow rectangular shape within which a shadow mask can be inserted and fixed. Each corner of the frame is formed with a recessed step to increase the stiffness of the frame.